China's rural revitalization strategy has entered a new stage aimed at achieving comprehensive revitalization. Enhancing the value of rural territorial space and constructing a corresponding governance system have become crucial measures and key issues in advancing the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas. To this end, experts and scholars from various fields have been specially invited to discuss policies, theories, practices, measures, and trends concerning the enhancement of rural territorial spatial value, planning and design, and systematic governance. Based on their viewpoints, three key issues can be distilled. (1) By leveraging the unique agricultural, ecological, and cultural resources of rural areas, the synergistic potential of rural territorial space value and governance can be fully realized. A diversified and integrated rural territorial space value system should be established, and pathways for the organic unification of its value realization and enhancement should be explored. (2) Experts have identified integrated urban-rural development as a key lever to clarify the interactive relationship between rural spatial planning and governance. Through systematic design and the unlocking of rural spatial value potential, a governance system has been established to ensure the realization of these values. (3) The advanced experience in enhancing the value and governance of rural territorial space in metropolitan suburbs should be promoted in accordance with local conditions, and focused attention should be given to the value realization mechanisms of critical land use types in rural areas. In addition, innovative practices for the transformation and development of metropolitan service-oriented, traditional cultural, nature conservation, and agricultural industry-oriented villages should be explored. Finally, this paper calls upon experts from diverse fields to jointly advance research on an autonomous knowledge system for Chinese rural modernization, thereby contributing insights to global rural development theory and practice.

In recent years, as ice and snow tourism has become more popular, large-scale indoor ski resorts have started to play an important role in snow-related leisure and consumption. Unlike outdoor ski destinations, which depend on natural conditions and seasons, indoor ski resorts provide a stable and fully controlled environment that allows skiing all the year round. However, most current research still focuses on outdoor ski resorts, while indoor ski resorts have received little academic attention. In particular, there has been little work on identifying and testing the key attributes of large-scale indoor ski resorts, which leaves a lack of systematic frameworks and measurement tools for this new type of destination. This study addresses the gap by using three large indoor ski resorts in Guangzhou, Wuhan, and Chengdu as case sites. Through empirical research, we developed a framework that includes six main dimensions: daily service management, snow trails, lifts and conveyor belts, instructors, surrounding facilities, and safety assurance. To test the framework, we built and examined an "attribute-experience-behavioral intention" path model. The results show that these six dimensions can effectively predict visitors' experiences, such as physical experience, positive emotions, immersive feelings, and overall satisfaction, as well as their future intentions to revisit and recommend the resort. The study makes contributions in several ways. First, it expands destination attribute theory to artificial and highly controlled environments, which broadens its application beyond natural settings. Second, it provides a clear and tested measurement tool that future research can use in different skiing contexts. Third, it gives useful insights for practice. The results suggest that operators should focus on the quality of snow trails, the efficiency and safety of lifts and conveyor belts, and strong safety systems. At the same time, well-trained instructors and good surrounding facilities are also essential. In addition, managers should design differentiated service strategies for visitors with varying skill levels, so as to enhance experiences and increase satisfaction. This study identifies the core attributes of large-scale indoor ski resorts and reveals how these attributes shape visitors' experiences and behavioral intentions. The results not only contribute to the growing literature on ski tourism in artificial environments but also provide direct guidance for improving the management and services of indoor ski resorts.

Driven by the "Southward Expansion, Westward Outreach, and Eastward Advancement" strategy, China's ice-snow tourism industry has developed rapidly, gradually transforming from a regional activity into a nationwide consumption hot spot. Short-video platforms, as a core arena for shaping its image and carrying out targeted promotion, present a north-south regional cultural divergence in user comments that urgently requires in-depth research. This study employs the Structural Topic Model (STM) to analyze 218656 ice-snow tourism video comments collected from TikTok, incorporating the north-south China as a covariate. A total of 15 topics are extracted and further clustered into four core dimensions: project experience, initial impression, emotional resonance and tourist perceived value. By integrating sentiment analysis and the likelihood of receiving likes, the study quantifies the differentiation patterns between northern and southern users across comment topics. The results indicate that: (1) In terms of thematic distribution, southern users concentrate more on the "emotional resonance" and "initial impression" dimensions, emphasizing perceptual experience, whereas northern users focus more on "tourist perceived value" and "project experience", reflecting a rational-critical orientation. (2) Regarding emotional expression, southern users exhibit a more positive overall sentiment; northern users show negative sentiment in the "tourist perceived value" dimension, yet display more positive sentiment in videos with emotional appeal and without voiceover. (3) In terms of dissemination effect, southern comments receive higher likelihood of being liked across all dimensions, suggesting that their expressive style is more likely to trigger broad emotional resonance. By dissecting the north-south divergence in ice-snow tourism comments, the research deepens the understanding of cross-regional cultural interactions and the negotiation of consumption values, offering valuable references for formulating image‑promotion strategies and coordinated regional cultural communication in ice-snow tourism.

As ice and snow tourism resources become increasingly abundant, tourists' experiential demands have grown more diversified and sophisticated. However, existing studies remain limited in their systematic examination of the internal structure of ice and snow tourism experiences, as well as the differentiated characteristics among tourist groups. Guided by the event experience scale proposed by DeGeus et al. as the theoretical framework, this study constructs a multidimensional experience structure for ice and snow tourism. Quantitative data are extracted from user-generated online travel narratives related to ice and snow tourism. Cluster analysis and chi-square tests are employed to examine differences among tourist types in terms of individual characteristics and destination attributes of tourists. The results yield three main findings. First, the experience structure of ice and snow tourism comprises four core dimensions: physical engagement, affective engagement, cognitive engagement, and experiencing novelty. This structure highlights the embodied interaction between tourists and the ice and snow tourism context, underscoring the prominent role of bodily participation in shaping tourism experiences. Second, according to the experience structure, ice and snow tourists can be classified into six distinct types: novelty-seeking explorers, leisure and entertainment seekers, diversified experience seekers, body-mind immersion seekers, exploratory knowledge seekers, and emotion-cognition resonance seekers. Significant differences are observed among these tourist types with regard to gender distribution, tourist source, travel companions, and experience situation. These findings reveal pronounced heterogeneity within the ice and snow tourism market and demonstrate the necessity of differentiated experience design and management strategies. The study deepens the understanding of the mechanism of ice and snow tourism experience generation from an embodied perspective, and expands the application of event experience scale in tourism research. The findings also provide empirical evidence to inform ice and snow tourism product development, experience optimization, and market segmentation, offering valuable insights for achieving experience-oriented and high-quality development of ice and snow tourism destinations.

The ski tourism industry exhibits increasing dependence on water and energy resources. This study utilizes an Environmental Extended Multi-regional Input-output (EE-MRIO) model and the Tapio decoupling model to analyze the spatio-temporal evolution of the water-energy footprints and economic decoupling effects of China's ski tourism industry in 2015, 2019, and 2023. The findings indicate that: (1) The national ski tourism water-energy footprint first increases and then declines. Spatially, the water footprint is predominantly concentrated in the Northwest, Northeast, and North China regions, alongside rapid growth in southern areas. Meanwhile, energy footprint exhibits destination-specific gradient expansion and source-region clustering. (2) From a sectoral linkage perspective, the water footprint displays structural characteristics of upstream sector concentration, differentiated core sectors, and external derivative sector penetration. The energy footprint is primarily driven by upstream and core sectors. (3) The spatial mismatch between supply and demand is evident, with the water-energy footprints creating a spatial flow pattern characterized by outward exports from East China and load-bearing in Northwest China. (4) The water footprint is predominantly characterized by strong decoupling, whereas the energy footprint exhibits weak decoupling. The water-energy footprints associated with ski tourism demonstrates spatial spillover effects and industry transmission characteristics, necessitating cross-regional responsibility sharing and hierarchical management of industrial chains to promote green transformation.

Identifying suitable development areas for outdoor ski resorts and assessing climate change impacts are of great significance for promoting sustainable development of snow and ice tourism. Based on multi-source data including ski resort information obtained from the OpenSkiMap platform, this study employed GIS spatial analysis and the SkiSim 2.0 model to examine ski resorts in 15 typical regions of China. The research aimed to identify ski resort development areas that meet tourism industry standards, classify development potential types, simulate future climate change impacts on outdoor ski resorts, and identify different development patterns under climate change. The findings reveal that: (1) Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces h natural resource foundations capable of supporting large-scale ski resort cluster development, while the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, Shanxi, and Inner Mongolia are suitable for medium-scale ski resort layouts, and Qinghai, Xinjiang, and Gansu have extensively distributed areas suitable for small-scale ski resort development. (2) Ski resort development potential zones can be classified into five categories: comprehensive advantage areas, resource-support advantage areas, resource-market advantage areas, support-market advantage areas, and comprehensive disadvantage areas. (3) Under future climate change impacts, ski resorts in North China and Central China will face substantially increased artificial snowmaking demands, while ski resort operations in Xinjiang, Heilongjiang, and Hebei will remain relatively stable. (4) Ski resorts located in areas with high population density and high climate exposure require prioritized risk prevention and control under climate change, while areas with high population density but low climate exposure, as well as those of high concern yet low exposure present key priority development targets. This research provides a scientific basis for enhancing climate adaptation capacity in ski tourism and optimizing industrial spatial layout.

The path evolution of regional professional markets holds significant implications for achieving high-quality regional development. Taking Bozhou Herbal Chinese Medicine Professional Market as a case study, this study examines the evolution mechanism of regional professional markets in the context of a complex environment from the perspective of multiple actors, based on field interviews and survey data. Findings reveal that: (1) Local farmers, grassroots governments, management companies, and Kangmei Pharmaceutical emerged as pivotal actors at distinct stages. Through derivative, agglomeration, and coordination mechanisms, they respectively spearheaded three upgrade phases of Bozhou Herbal Chinese Medicine Professional Market. (2) The evolution process of regional professional markets is the result of the mutual influence, differentiation and competition, as well as the collaborative efforts of multiple actors such as key players and important participants, leading to the formation of interest alliances. (3) The evolution of Bozhou Herbal Chinese Medicine Professional Market reflects path dependence, essentially an iterative "creation-development and locking-unlocking" process shaped by the combined influence of diverse actors. (4) The innovative model of institutional restructuring and transformative development led by diverse s significantly influences regional specialized markets' ability to break negative path lock-in and create new paths. Finally, this study explores potential future path upgrade directions for Bozhou Herbal Chinese Medicine Professional Market.

Global climate change poses a severe threat to the stable operation of energy systems by intensifying the frequency and intensity of natural disasters. Based on the hazard-disaster-emergency response system framework, this paper systematically elucidates the risk transmission mechanism of natural disasters to energy production and transmission/distribution systems under climate change and analyzes the differentiated threats to traditional energy, renewable energy, and grid networks. The research reveals a significant spatial overlap between China's energy infrastructure and high-risk zones for natural disasters, exposing systemic climatic vulnerabilities. Case studies of the 2021 Texas freeze, the 2021 Henan floods, and the 2022 European heatwave and drought further uncover new climate risks that exceed historical engineering design standards. In response, this paper constructs a three-dimensional defense framework integrating technology, space, and institutions. Technologically, it enhances systemic resilience through intelligent monitoring, risk assessment, and microgrid coordination. Spatially, it reduces risk exposure via layout optimization and regional synergy. Institutionally, it strengthens top-level governance through legal regulations and coordinated governance mechanisms. Finally, the paper identifies four critical research priorities: enhancing operational resilience under extreme climates, promoting cross-regional coordination for renewable energy, conducting comprehensive risk assessments for energy siting, and establishing security mechanisms addressing the confluence of climate and geopolitical risks. This study aims to provide a theoretical foundation for building a highly resilient energy system.

The "short-term project funding" model of rural human settlement governance often fails to achieve sustainable outcomes due to the disconnect between construction and maintenance, insufficient villager participation, and excessive reliance on external resources, making the establishment of a long-term governance mechanism imperative. This article takes four villages in Fujian as research subjects and, through multi-case comparison, systematically analyzes the practical mechanisms of rural human settlement governance under the new endogenous approach. The study finds that although the four villages developed different paths due to variations in resource endowments and governance starting points, they all broke away from external dependency by constructing an integrated framework of "subject activation-structure reconstruction-resource integration-institutional guarantee". This framework ensures governance sustainability through the activation of villager agency, reshaping of multi-stakeholder collaborative structures, creative transformation of resources, and institutional development integrating" three governance approaches", with the incorporation of digital technology and ecological capital further enhancing governance resilience. Therefore, systematic measures such as strengthening subject capacity building, optimizing collaborative governance structures, and establishing resource conversion and funding mechanisms are needed to enhance the resilience of the new endogenous governance. The research provides a theoretical framework and practical paradigm for the long-term governance of rural human settlements, echoing the core propositions of endogenous development and empowerment theory.

In the context of the transformation of national spatial planning and the high-quality development of manufacturing industry, the intensive redevelopment of low-efficiency industrial land in urban areas has become a key path to break the constraints of land resources. The existing research lacks a systematic exploration of the governance mechanisms for "industrial to industrial" and multi-scale redevelopment in small and medium-sized cities. Based on the perspective of property rights reconstruction hierarchy, this article constructs an analytical framework of "resource allocation-governance mechanism-internal logic", and analyzes the adaptation mechanisms of property rights allocation and governance structure for three types of redevelopment: individual plots, integrated types, and contiguous redevelopment. Research has found that governance structures need to be adapted to the hierarchy of property rights restructuring, and transaction costs are the core parameter for structural selection. The intensity of government intervention increases with the increasing public nature of property rights. Taking Wenling city as a case study, the diversified models of independent transformation, joint development, and industrial real estate formed by it have verified that institutional innovation based on property rights governance can reduce transaction costs and promote collaborative participation. The research provides a theoretical framework and practical reference for the redevelopment of low-efficiency industrial land in urban areas, helping to achieve the synergy between an "effective market" and a "proactive government".

High-standard farmland construction is an effective measure to promote the transformation of agricultural production and operation modes and accelerate the construction of a strong agricultural nation. Based on survey data from 1,130 farming households in Shandong and Hebei provinces, this study employs Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), Instrumental Variables (IV), and a moderating effect model to empirically analyze the triple farmland scale management effects of high-standard farmland construction from the systematic perspective of plot scale, management scale and contiguous scale. The research finds that: (1) High-standard farmland construction can expand plot size, increasing the average plot area per household by 31.8% and correspondingly reducing the number of plots by 1.431. (2) High-standard farmland construction can improve agricultural production efficiency, promote the scaling, standardization, and marketization of farmland transfer, thereby incentivizing farmers to expand their operational scale of farmland. (3) High-standard farmland construction facilitates specialized crop planting among farmers and encourages convergent planting in surrounding plots, thus effectively driving contiguous scale management. (4) The scale management effects are more pronounced for farmers with a junior high school education or above, those who have received agricultural technical training, those with larger initial contracted land areas, those who have completed land tenure confirmation, members of agricultural cooperatives, and those in plain areas or in Shandong. Regular maintenance of project facilities helps strengthen the triple farmland scale management effects of high-standard farmland construction.

How institutional arrangements enable value co-creation in the ecological restoration of legacy abandoned mining areas through multi-stakeholder participation remain systematically under-researched. Grounded in value co-creation theory and Williamson's institutional framework, this study develops an analytical model comprising cultural values, the institutional environment, and governance structures. It then applies fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) to 32 typical restoration cases in China to investigate the configurational effects of institutional elements such as public environmental awareness, stringency of environmental regulation, clarity of property rights, technological support, green finance, and public fiscal support. The study reveals that high value co-creation emerges from multiple institutional pathways, including a cognition-driven pathway with financial-fiscal synergy, a cognition-driven pathway with regulatory reinforcement, a fiscal-led pathway with cognitive-technological synergy, a technology-led pathway with financial support, and a dual-driven pathway of technology and regulation, thus demonstrating significant equifinality and contextual adaptation. Across these pathways, Across these pathways, institutional elements function as core and peripheral conditions, exhibiting both complementarity and functional substitutability. Based on these findings, the paper proposes legal safeguards in three areas: strengthening public participation and environmental information disclosure systems; improving property rights definition and environmental regulation regimes; and building fiscal, financial, and technological support mechanisms, thereby providing implications for institutional refinement and policy practice.

As one of the earliest and most severely aging regions in China, the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) exhibits a prominent spatial mismatch between population aging and pension resources. Using population and socio-economic data from 41 cities in the YRD for 2010 and 2020, this paper applies the spatial mismatch model to analyze the evolution of the spatial mismatch between population aging and pension resources, identifies city-level development patterns, and employs the optimal parameter-based geographical detector to reveal changes in the driving mechanisms underlying this mismatch. The results show that: (1) The population aging degree and the level of pension resources in the study area are on the rise, with the population aging increasing far faster than the pension resources. The population aging level is relatively high in Eastern Jiangsu province and Southern Anhui province. High-level pension resources are concentrated in developed cities such as Shanghai, Hangzhou and Nanjing, while third- and fourth-tier cities have lower levels. (2) The spatial mismatch in the region is evident, showing a pattern of "positive mismatch-positive and negative alternation-negative mismatch" from northwest to southeast. The number of cities with severe mismatch (experiencing a severe surplus or severe shortage of pension resources) and moderate mismatch (experiencing a moderate surplus or moderate shortage of pension resources) has decreased, while the number of cities with slight mismatch (experiencing a slight surplus or slight shortage of pension resources) has increased. (3) The degree of spatial mismatch is jointly shaped by multiple factors and their interactions. Among these, the impact of demographic factors is gradually declining, while the influences of policy, economic, and social factors are increasing significantly. The explanatory power of both the elderly dependency ratio and per capita general public budget expenditure is enhanced when they interact with other factors. The study provides scientific evidence and policy reference for promoting the spatial coordinated development of population aging and pension resources in the YRD.

Currently, global urban-rural development is undergoing a paradigm shift from unidirectional urbanization to the bi-directional flow of factors between urban and rural areas. Driven by the Rural Revitalization Strategy, the trend of youth-to-rural migration continues to strengthen, yet academia still lacks a systematic explanation of the mechanisms underlying this behavior. Employing the "Information-Motivation-Behavior" (IMB) model as a theoretical framework, this study empirically investigates the behavioral logic of the youth migrating to the rural areas, drawing on survey data from 1282 respondents across 27 provincial-level regions in China between 2023 and 2025. Findings indicate that youth-to-rural migration follows a systematic pathway of "information stimulation-motivation reconstruction-behavioral selection", rather than isolated individual decisions. Regarding the information dimension, endogenous information exerts a significant negative influence on motivation but positively impacts behavioral conversion; exogenous information strongly stimulates migration motivation yet carries risks of mismatch with real-world scenarios, with awareness of rural policy systems demonstrating the most pronounced incentive effect. The motivational structure is characterized by "life rationality outweighing instrumental rationality", where life-oriented motivations (e.g., family companionship, ecological environment) significantly outweigh work-oriented motivations (e.g., job seeking). Furthermore, clear and stable motivations serve as key factors in transforming intention into actual behavior. Accordingly, this research proposes governance strategies to support and encourage youth migration to rural areas across three dimensions: optimizing information supply, enhancing rural living quality, and broadening local development pathways. This study provides theoretical foundations and practical references for facilitating two-way flows of urban-rural factors and strengthening talent support for rural revitalization.