Urbanization in China has transitioned from an era of urban construction focused on incremental land development to an era of urban renewal focused on stock land development. Implementing urban renewal and achieving high-quality development has become a significant challenge for urban development in the second half of China's urbanization process. In response to this challenge, experts and scholars from relevant academic fields were invited to explore and discuss the fundamental issues of how urban renewal should be implemented under the new historical conditions and value orientations. The key aspects and solution pathways of this issue were discussed, with a focus on the following areas: the institutional and strategic issues that impact urban renewal, the practical and technical questions of how urban renewal is carried out, and the potential negative effects arising from urban renewal. The paper has extensive discussions and reflections on these topics. Based on the main viewpoints of the invited experts, urban renewal under the background of high-quality development transformation needs to pay attention to the following key issues. First of all, the goals of urban renewal should be determined synthetically with the full consideration of the national development strategies pertaining to urban development, with the effort to promote the innovation of urban renewal system in the areas of spatial planning, land supply and management, development models, financing, and public participation. Second, it is suggested that new models of urban renewal driven by the combined efforts of government, market, and society needs to be established to ensure the publicness, efficiency, and fairness of urban renewal projects. In particular, the government should play a role of guiding and encouraging through decentralization and empowerment; the role of market should pay attention to the advantages of cooperation between private capital and state-owned enterprise capital; the society should play a role by activating the subjective role of property rights owners. Third, with the aim to promote a people-centered development, the damage of urban renewal to historical and cultural protection and adverse effects of gentrification it brings should be regulated and avoided. There is a need to enhance exploration of the urban renewal models beneficial to historical and cultural protection and social justice. This paper concludes by calling on scholars from multiple disciplines including geography, resources and environmental sciences, planning, and management to jointly promote research of urban renewal theories that fit to the Chinese path to modernization, with the aim to make Chinese contribution to theories on global urban renewal.

The relationship between ecosystem services (ES) and human well-being (HWB) is a central issue in the science and practice of sustainable development, and numerous studies have mushroomed in recent decades. However, the diverse frameworks, approaches, and methods used in studying the ES-HWB relationship have rarely been reviewed systematically. Thus, here we provide an overview of the research frameworks, approaches, and methods for studying the ES-HWB relationship. In addition, we discuss future research directions. Our review shows that research frameworks for studying the ES-HWB relationship can be classified into four types, including frameworks related to the Entitlement and Capacity Approach, the Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response framework, the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment framework, and the Ecosystem Services Cascade framework. The four types of frameworks differ in their origins, core elements, and application scenarios, but show similarities in their construction logic and inherent assumptions. Methods for analyzing the ES-HWB relationship can be categorized as direct valuation, statistical analysis, model simulation, and qualitative assessment. To facilitate ES and HWB relationship research, future studies need to update the research framework, innovate research methods based on the recently developed method (e.g., machine learning), and develop coherent guidelines for indicator selection and quantification.

In China's urbanization 2.0 phase, urban renewal has become the primary means of urban spatial development. Essentially, it is a high-quality development process aimed at enhancing the efficiency of resource allocation and utilization, strengthening spatial carrying capacity, optimizing urban functional quality, and reinforcing urban development resilience. Centered on the reform and development goal of "establishing a sustainable urban renewal model and policy regulations" set by the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, 15 experts and scholars from fields such as geography, urban and rural planning, and land resource management engaged in written discussions. This exploration spans various perspectives and dimensions, including the conceptual connotation, value concepts, implementation and pathways, institutional policy environment construction, and performance evaluation methods of sustainable urban renewal. Specifically: (1) Conceptual Connotation: Sustainable urban renewal should be understood as both the "sustainability" of goals and the "sustainability" of implementation. (2) Value Concepts: Emphases should be placed on promoting multi-stakeholder participation and benefit-sharing as the fundamental economic philosophy for constructing sustainable urban renewal, as well as integrating urban renewal into the spatial governance of urban cultural heritage, social spatial, and ecological spaces, thereby organizing urban renewal actions from a multidimensional systemic perspective of "economic-social-cultural-ecological-resilience". (3) Implementation: It is crucial to effectively balance the interests of local governments, market entities, property owners, and society. Secondly, attention should be given to ensuring and enhancing the mechanism for state-owned enterprises to participate in urban renewal. Thirdly, new mechanisms should be adopted such as franchising to attract enthusiasm from social capital. With all parties mentioned above, we should transform urban construction from a "supply-oriented" to a "demand-oriented" model. Besides, to meet the people's growing needs for a better life, urban renewal implementation should focus more on multi-participatory design, embedding public service facilities, green infrastructure, and digital technology elements at the micro-community scale perceptible to the people, and coordinate urban renewal planning and management implementation. (4) Institutional Policy Environment Construction: Overall, there should be a focus on new demands for urban renewal products, governance, and models in the new era, so as to create an adaptive and sustainable institutional policy environment for urban renewal. Particularly, considering key elements such as "people, land, and capital" in urban renewal, systematic institutional innovations should be conducted in aspects like land use regulations, funding arrangements, and organizational mechanisms. (5) Performance Evaluation: Finally, from a "people's perspective", a measurable and comparable performance evaluation system for urban renewal should be established.

The deep integration of culture and tourism has sparked numerous hot topics worthy of academic and professional discussion. This study synthesizes experts' views on these topics, analyzing key phenomena such as "digital intelligence empowerment", "rural tournaments", "national style breaking the circle", "officials'endorsement", "film and television empowering tourism", "off-site performances", and "city blogging". The study further examines these topics in terms of "emotional value", "cross-border integration", "risk management", and develops five key viewpoints: (1) Despite the explosive growth in public attention and replication of social behaviors, each hot topic has distinct values. (2) The "breaking the circle" phenomenon is triggered by the intersection of accidental inspiration and underlying logic, with both shared and unique triggers. (3) The formation mechanism of culture and tourism integration hot topics is complex, involving political, economic, social, technological, and other factors, driven by local governments, enterprises, institutions, and market demand. (4) The evolution of these hot topics is characterized by trends, with multiple types of cycles such as short cycle, long tail, and steady state. (5) The hot topics reflect the comprehensive effects of cross-border integration, demonstrating the depth and breadth of cultural and tourism integration, and varying in scope, intensity, and effectiveness of resource utilization. Positive and negative effects emerge simultaneously, with varying levels of controllability, necessitating the exploration and categorization of negative effects to strengthen risk management.

The construction of the China Spatial Planning Observation Network (CSPON) is a crucial means to promote intelligent planning, that is "perceptive, capable of learning, good at governance, and self-realizing." It is also a key support for building a green and smart digital ecological civilization. Addressing the urgent need for scientific and systematic technical methods in CSPON construction, this paper explores the methodological approach for CSPON algorithm model construction and application. It proposes a CSPON algorithm model technical framework supported by "high-performance computing", "big data", and "large model" technologies, oriented towards "large-scale scenario" applications. The paper illustrates its application in typical spatial planning implementation monitoring scenarios such as safety baseline control, planning transmission control, planning implementation assessment, and spatial pattern optimization through practical cases. The research indicates that: (1) "High-Performance Computing" is the foundation supporting CSPON's growing demands for high-frequency data processing and dynamic computational analysis. It should fully integrate modern computing architectures such as cloud computing, edge computing, and distributed computing to strengthen CSPON's computational foundation. (2) "Big Data" is the cornerstone for constructing and operating CSPON algorithm model systems. The integration and mining of multi-source big data from "space, aerial, ground, sea, and network" can support algorithm models in more comprehensively and accurately characterizing complex spatial systems. (3) "Large Model" is the "intelligent core" of CSPON. The "multi-model parallel use" mode, integrating traditional "small models" like GIS spatial analysis and machine learning algorithms with generative "large models" such as language and vision models, will become the mainstream trend in CSPON algorithm model application and development. (4) "Large-scale Scenarios" serve as the application carrier and target of CSPON. They should establish application scenarios combining "common scenarios" and "personalized scenarios" based on local characteristics and business needs, fully leveraging the roles and advantages of different CSPON algorithm models. The research results provide a scientific basis for accelerating the improvement of CSPON technical methods and their practical application.

The signing and implementation of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) have provided crucial external opportunities for the high-quality development of China's agricultural products trade. This paper uses the social network analysis method to characterize the agricultural products trade network, and utilizes the extended gravity model to analyze the influencing factors in agricultural products trade within the RCEP region. The results show that: (1) The spatial cohesion of the global agricultural products trade network continues to increase, the connectivity is significantly improved, and the trade scale continues to expand, with a distinctive "center-periphery" structure. (2) RCEP member countries demonstrate a clear trend of diversified import patterns, coupled with steady growth in exports. The number of global agricultural products trade partners continues to rise, leading to a differentiation in trade status and gradually forming a single-core structure centered around China. (3) The improvement in the quality of economic institutions and the signing of Free Trade Agreement (FTA) contribute to enhancing the agricultural products trade environment, reducing trade costs, and promoting agricultural products trade. It is suggested that China should fully utilize the opportunity of RCEP implementation, exert its core influence within the RCEP region, promote the implementation of RECP high-quality rules, form a highly complementary agricultural products market within the region, and enhance the export competitiveness of agricultural products.

The ecological and environmental problems such as water scarcity and intensified desertification greatly affect the ecological security and sustainable development of arid inland river basins. Scientific analysis and evaluation of the resilience level of ecological networks under external disturbances are of great significance for proposing targeted optimization plans for this type of river basin ecological network and enhancing its ecological stability. Based on the theory of complex adaptive systems, this paper constructs a comprehensive evaluation index system of ecological network resilience covering three dimensions: elements, structure and function. Taking the Shiyang River Basin as an example, the paper measures the resilience level of the ecological network in arid inland river basins and analyzes its spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and spatial differentiation patterns. The results show that: (1) The spatial structure of the ecological network in the study area is unbalanced, with uneven aggregation of ecological "source-corridor-node", but the pattern of dense areas in the south and sparse areas in the north is essentially stable. (2) In 2000-2020, the resilience level of the ecological network increased overall, with an annual rate of 1.55%. The resilience of the ecological network in desert and mountainous areas increased faster than that in oasis areas, and the structural resilience improved faster than that of functional resilience and factor resilience. (3) During 2000-2020, the differences in the resilience level of ecological networks in types of mountains, oases and deserts gradually decreased. The proportions of "low-low" agglomeration (LL) and "high-high" agglomeration (HH) were high. LL agglomeration was mainly distributed in the northern desert area, while HH agglomeration was mainly distributed in the southern mountainous area, and both of them had a spatial diffusion trend. Finally, in view of the characteristics of mountains, oases and deserts, this paper proposes strategies to improve the resilience of the basin in the context of ecological restoration from three aspects: elements, structure and function.

With China's urban development entering an era of ''stock-based growth'', urban regeneration has risen to a strategic level of constructing a new national development pattern and promoting high-quality urban development. The practice of urban regeneration has gradually shifted from focusing mainly on the reconstruction and transformation of the physical environment to a sustainable urban regeneration model that considers economic, social, and environmental goals. However, there is still a lack of a systematic and comprehensive theoretical framework for sustainable urban regeneration to guide research and practice. Therefore, this paper attempts to use the Theory of the Production of Space as the foundation, combined with an analysis of urban regeneration practices in China over recent decades, to construct a systematic and comprehensive theoretical framework for sustainable urban regeneration in Chinese context from the perspective of spatial reproduction. This theoretical framework includes five core elements: sustainable regeneration goals, government, market, society, and spatial reproduction. It summarizes the composition, power, capital, and interests of the three categories of stakeholders (government, market, and society) and their different focuses and modes of competition within the reproduction operation mechanism. The paper suggests that a sustainable urban regeneration model should emphasize both comprehensive value and benefits in spatial reproduction and equitable distribution, as well as consider sustainable pathways for spatial reproduction under the constraints of limited regeneration capital.

The large-scale construction of national parks poses a huge challenge to the demand for ecological compensation funds. Financial compensation is not only a drop in the bucket, but also difficult to solve the rigid dilemma of insufficient and mismatched compensation. This study uses carbon trading as a tool to solve the ecological compensation problem in national parks, and outlines three channels: international, domestic, and third-party independent voluntary emission reduction mechanisms that develop ecological carbon sinks into voluntary greenhouse gas emissions reductions to benefit the carbon market. Among them, China Certified Emission Reduction (CCER) is the main channel for realizing the ecological carbon sink value of national parks in the future. Then, the study analyzed three key issues: limited market supply, difficulty in effective trading, and unclear profit distribution models for national parks to obtain sufficient and precise ecological compensation through CCER market. In the design of ecological carbon sink compensation mechanism based on carbon trading, a screening mechanism is proposed to ensure the maximum profit potential of ecological carbon sink projects under the principle of balancing economic and social ecological benefits after the methodological barriers are cleared. An effective trading mechanism is established by offsetting ratios, offsetting in other regions, and government protection settings to promote transactions and effectively distinguish the boundary between government and market compensation. In order to avoid operational risks, a precise compensation mechanism is introduced by establishing a PPP model of third-party professional carbon sink development enterprises for ecological carbon sink project, and income distribution is based on the contributions of relevant carbon sink supply entities. Finally, the study provides relevant policy recommendations for National Forestry and Grassland Administration, which is in charge of national parks, and Ministry of Ecology and Environment, which is in charge of carbon markets in China. The research results are expected to provide reference and inspiration for establishing market-oriented ecological compensation mechanisms in all nature reserves and other ecological spaces, including national parks.

Urban renewal is a prominent issue in promoting high-quality and sustainable development of Chinese cities in the context of connotative development in the New Era. As culture plays an increasingly important role in continuing urban history, creating spatial value, improving quality of life and stimulating economic vitality, it is gradually becoming a key driving force for promoting urban renewal. Based on the analysis of the evolution of the relationship between cultural elements and urban renewal since the reform and opening up in the late 1970s, this paper constructs a logical framework for cultural empowerment of urban renewal, and takes the old southern city of Nanjing as an example to explore the implementation paths, mechanism and effects of cultural empowerment of urban renewal. The study found that: (1) By leveraging the multiple roles of cultural resources such as historical culture, creative culture, and local culture in urban renewal, and through the process of cultural elements injection, spatial carriers adsorption, and renewal efficiency release, urban renewal can be empowered and its effectiveness can be enhanced. (2) From the process of urban renewal practice in the old southern city of Nanjing, the paths of cultural empowerment of urban renewal are revealed as the representation of historical symbols, the driving force of cultural and tourism consumption, the implantation of creative industries, the rooting of community spirit, and the embedness of cultural services. (3) Multiple stakeholders such as the government, market, and society are jointly promoting the urban renewal with cultural empowerment. To obtain more significant economic and social benefits, it is also necessary to further strengthen the connection between the renewal of historical and cultural spaces in old cities and the achievements of contemporary urban cultural construction, coordinate the promotion of cultural renewal at the spiritual level, and enhance the urban participation rights and sense of cultural achievement of local residents. (4) The culture-empowered urban renewal in China is different from the "cultural-led urban regeneration" in the West, which regards the protection, inheritance, and promotion of historical and cultural heritage, as well as the enhancement of residents' cultural identity, as important goals of urban renewal. Based on the concept of cultural sustainability in urban renewal, it is necessary to promote the benign two-way empowerment of cultural elements and urban renewal, and achieve a resonant development of the protection and utilization of cultural resources and moderate, orderly, tender, and organic renewal.

China's social economy has shifted from the stage of high-speed growth to the stage of high-quality development. Promoting high-quality management of natural resources has become a major issue related to the overall development of the country. Accelerating the construction and cultivation of new quality productive forces (NQP) and enabling high-quality management of natural resources is of great practical significance to promoting Chinese-style modernization. Regarding the logic and path of NQP enabling high-quality management of natural resources, relevant scholars from different disciplines were invited to present their views on the following topics: (1) The logical relationship between NQP and natural resource management;(2) the positioning and function of NQP in natural resource management; (3) the inspiration and requirements of NQP for natural resource management; (4) the key areas of NQP promoting high-quality management of natural resources; the path of (5) NQP to cope with climate change and implement the dual-carbon strategy; (6) NQP to empower the modernization of territorial spatial governance; (7) NQP to reshape the new form of coordinated urban-rural development;and (8) NQP to ensure food security and promote the construction of an agricultural power, etc. This work aims to explore the specific application of NQP in natural resource management, with a view to providing scientific reference for promoting high-quality management of natural resources and helping the Chinese-style modernization. Overall, special attention should be paid to the following key issues in empowering high-quality natural resource management with NQP: (1) break the barriers of natural resources management and mechanism innovation oriented to the coordination of the whole area, the whole factor, the whole process and the multi-department; (2) key areas and paths for cultivating NQP for comprehensively ensuring the security of natural resources and strengthening the stability of supply of key resources; (3) construction and practice innovation of digital intelligence NQP cultivation system for efficient use and accurate management of natural resources.

With the vigorous development of the Internet, data have become an important means of production, penetrating all areas of the tourism industry and giving rise to various "Internet-famous" tourist destinations. The "explosion of popularity" of traditional villages is not only a concentrated reflection of the transformation of rural tourism development mode promoted by digital intelligence technology, but also the basic characteristics and operating logic of the traffic economy in the New Era. Taking Xunpu village in Quanzhou city as a case study, this paper applies the Tourism Area Life Cycle (TALC) theory, grounded theory and the fsQCA method to reveal the influencing factors behind traditional villages becoming "Internet-famous" and to explore pathways for sustaining "long-term popularity". The research shows that: (1) Xunpu village has become an Internet-famous village with the help of network traffic, and its life cycle curve has deformed due to time compression, showing an extruded S shape. (2) The "explosion of popularity" of Xunpu village results from the interaction of five factors: symbolic value, virtual and real culture, spatial reconstruction, optimized management, and traffic dissemination, which jointly promote the mobility of village stock resources and production factors. (3) The three main paths for Xunpu village to achieve long-term success are "symbolic value-driven type by traffic dissemination", "symbolist value-optimized management boosted type" and "spatial reconstruction-optimized management driven type". Under the coordination of virtual and real culture and traffic dissemination, symbolic value plays a core leading role. The flow economy, as an important form of tourism productivity, has brought new opportunities and challenges to the sustainable development of traditional villages. Future related research can further expand the sample range to cover more types of Internet-famous villages, to enhance the explanatory power of the lifecycle model of Internet-famous tourist destinations. At the same time, further in-depth exploration is needed on the path and impact mechanism of transforming the information flow of Internet-famous villages into tourist flow, as well as determining the conversion rate of different types of tourist destinations.

Since the New Era began, China has further promoted the reform of the property rights for natural resources. This round of reform is a systematic innovation, including values, governances and mechanisms, policies, and management models, made on the Chinese path to modernization road of harmonious coexistence between man and nature. Ten experts and scholars from disciplines such as management, economics, resource science, sociology, geography, and the practical field of natural resource management explored the progress and theoretical significance of the reform. They discussed the background, problems, guidance, mechanism, policies, modes, and inspiration. Specifically, the reform of property rights for natural resource assets has significantly promoted institutional innovation in ecological civilization construction since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China in 2012. It aims to address the urgent need for sound institutional mechanisms for state-owned natural resources, including those between the central and local governments and between the government and the market. The value orientation of this round of reform is to promote the transformation of the single-factor values of natural resources into the overall values of the ecosystem. Currently, the country is optimizing the relationship between the central and local governments by promoting the pilot of the principal-agent mechanism, and clarifying the relationship between the government and the market by enhancing the role of the market. The 20th CPC Central Committee's Third Plenary Session further emphasized "improving the property rights system and management framework for natural resources", outlining the requirements and direction for reform. The reform belongs to the innovation of socialist public ownership, which has the significance of building China's independent knowledge and can also make new contributions to enriching property rights theory.

How to seek solutions with clear objectives, appropriate interventions, and integrated approaches is especially critical to integrated protection and systematic governance (IPSG) of full-array ecosystems (FAE). Thus, the concept of land degradation neutrality (LDN) was introduced into the practice of IPSG in FAE, whereby a theoretical framework encompassing dual objects, dual laws, dual principles, indicator systems, and value orientations was constructed. Then, in the case of urban agglomeration of north slope of the Tianshan Mountains, the type identification and degree measurement of degraded and improved land was completed at the pixel scale, while the gap to LDN was quantified at both administrative units and grid scales. The results showed that: (1) At the pixel scale, the area of improved land was marginally higher than that of degraded land in 2005-2020, which was mainly mildly improved or degraded. Severe degradation was often associated with the transfer-in of unutilized land, urban land, and mining land, along with the transfer-out of water bodies, glaciers, and forests. However, cultivated land and grassland could affect degradation or improvement no matter whether the transfer occurred or not. (2) At the regional scale, the target of LDN was not achieved in the study area, owing to the denial of land resources maintaining ecosystem services and functions. Similarly, the vast majority of administrative units or grids encountered the simultaneous negation of the dual objects, while achieving LDN is only rare. (3) Drawing upon normative value orientations, functionalist tendencies, and human-land coordination, we propose that emphasis should be placed on coordinating the bottom-line thinking with moderate governance, unifying the differential treatment of elements with system-wide integrated protection, and subsequently synergizing multiple objectives to achieve harmonious coexistence between humans and nature. In conclusion, the LDN target encompasses characteristics of openness, inclusivity, and prudence, so this study could provide scientific foundations and decision-making references for the IPSG of FAE in dryland.

Historic district serves as dynamic urban heritage sites, whose conservation and regeneration are essential for preserving the historic context of cities, stimulating economic revitalization, and fostering high-quality development. Originating from the backdrop of cultural-tourism integration, this study establishes a comprehensive framework for assessing the effectiveness of historic district regeneration. This framework includes the regeneration of physical spaces, cultural preservation and display, and the revitalization of cultural tourism. Utilizing the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation methods, the study evaluates the regeneration effectiveness in three emblematic historic districts in Kaifeng city based on subjective assessments from participants. Enhancement pathways are delineated through the analysis of a "satisfaction-importance" matrix. The findings indicate consistently positive regeneration effectiveness with slight variations across the districts, scoring 3.801 for Shuanglong lane, 3.794 for Madao street, and 3.759 for Shudian street. Shuanglong lane exhibits superior performance in physical space regeneration, with a higher score than Shudian and Madao streets; however, Shudian and Madao streets excel in the revitalization of cultural tourism. Differences in cultural preservation and display are minimal. At the level of specific indicators, all districts generally receive positive evaluations for streetscape and revitalization recognition. Nonetheless, Shudian street and Madao street exhibit lower scores in streetscape aesthetics, infrastructure, and street maintenance, whereas Shuanglong lane requires improvements in its cultural and tourism attributes, diversity of revitalization efforts, and infrastructure. All districts need enhanced accessibility. Specific improvements include enhancing the neighborhood environment, cultural displays, and connotations in Shudian street; boosting cultural attractiveness and immersive interactions in Madao street; and increasing cultural appeal and diversifying the business model in Shuanglong lane.

Innovative methods for evaluating the effectiveness of ecological restoration planning in national land space are of great practical significance for optimizing ecological restoration management policies, consolidating the ecological restoration process and enhancing the effectiveness of ecological restoration. On the basis of combing the research progress at home and abroad, and based on the demand for monitoring and evaluating the implementation effectiveness of China's ecological restoration planning, this paper takes Hubei province as a case study area, and based on fieldwork and research, and relying on departmental data, adopts the methods of hierarchical analysis and expert consulting to study the evaluation method of the implementation effectiveness of ecological restoration planning for the national land space. The results show that: (1) The indicator system for assessing the effectiveness of ecological restoration planning based on the dimensions of "implementation progress" and "goal achievement" can objectively reflect the effectiveness of the current implementation of ecological restoration planning. (2) The implementation of ecological restoration planning for national land and space in Hubei is progressing well, and the "implementation progress" and "goal achievement" dimensions of ecological restoration planning can be objectively reflected. The assessment results of "implementation progress" and "goal achievement" are 67.97 points and 86.40 points, respectively, and the stage-by-stage "goal achievement" effect is better than that of "implementation progress". "On the whole, the scores are higher in the areas of "project implementation and condition construction", while the scores in the areas of "financing and project management" are higher due to insufficient participation of social capital and unsound project supervision mechanism. Overall, the scores are higher in "project implementation and condition construction", while in "financing and project management", due to insufficient participation of social capital and inadequate project supervision mechanism, the effectiveness needs to be improved; from the point of view of "target achievement", the effectiveness of ecological protection target is better than that of restoration and management target, and the fulfillment of relevant binding indexes is better than the expected indexes in the plan. (3) The indicator system and methodology for evaluating the effectiveness of ecological restoration planning are operational, the results of the evaluation can objectively reflect the effectiveness of ecological restoration planning, and the results of the study are recognized by the local government.

In building China's modern tourism system, the innovative use, effective protection, and judicious transformation of tourism resources serve not only as core supporting elements, but also as critical drivers of industrial upgrading and sustainable development. To address this topic, the paper convened experts and scholars from geography, tourism, culture, and management to discuss issues such as the integration of culture and tourism, resource potential, and technological change. A synthesis of their main insights points to three pressing questions: (1) From an institutional and strategic perspective, rethinking the value system of tourism resources is essential, moving beyond traditional views rooted in the "natural-human" dichotomy. Less obvious factors, such as everyday lifestyles and cultural identity, should be recognized as key components of the resource spectrum and aligned with national objectives for cultural soft power and high-quality development. Interdisciplinary research, technological tools, and robust institutional support, including planning, management, and legal safeguards, can help steer resource development toward richer and more innovative pathways. (2) Regarding implementation models and strategies, success hinges on a three-way partnership among government, enterprises, and society. The government supplies top-level design and oversight in aspects like planning, property rights coordination, and funding support; enterprises respond to market demand by offering differentiated, high-quality products and services; at the same time, local residents and social organizations should be encouraged to participate in uncovering and shaping local knowledge and values. By leveraging new digital technologies, immersive and interactive forms of tourism can be promoted, expanding the benefits of industry integration. (3) Considering potential drawbacks and countermeasures, it is vital to guard against excessive commercialization that may undermine ecological integrity and cultural authenticity, making it necessary to set reasonable limits on development intensity. Strengthening cross-regional collaboration and policy support, along with optimizing transportation and public services, can help less-developed regions translate their natural and cultural resources into genuine engines of high-quality growth. This paper ultimately calls for a multidisciplinary effort under a broader national strategic vision, where "collaborative innovation" turns tourism resource advantages into catalysts for sustained industrial and regional growth. By doing so, it reinforces national cultural confidence and soft power, while contributing China's insights to the global discourse on tourism theory and practice.

As China's national park system reform enters a crucial phase, effective governance of national parks seeks to leverage the strengths of government, market, and societal entities to establish a multi-actor co-governance structure. National park communities, as a vital component of societal entities, are a key link in fostering effective governance of national parks. Based on literature research, this paper elucidates the underlying logic of communities as critical actors in the governance of China's national parks. It distills the characteristics and challenges of community involvement in national park governance through empirical studies and proposes recommendations for promoting the coordinated development of national parks and communities. The study indicates that, as complex socio-ecological systems, Chinese national parks feature distinct patterns of community-based natural resource utilisation. The necessity of community involvement in national park governance fundamentally lies in the fact that only reasonable multi-actor natural resource governance can sustain harmony between nature and humans. Current community participation in national park governance is influenced by path dependence, context dependence, and financial dependence. Governance effectiveness is affected by structural factors, local cognition, and incentive mechanisms. Based on the analysis of current community participation, this paper further proposes an analytical framework to disentangle the park-people relationship that can be steered to be positive under good governance. Thus, to fully leverage the role of communities as actors in national park governance and achieve coordinated development between national parks and communities, the paper suggests differentiated community management mechanisms, diversified incentives and guarantees, internalisation of external policies, and mainstreaming biodiversity. This approach aims to achieve socio-ecological systems' adaptive governance, foster cooperation among governance entities, realise livelihoods compatible with conservation, and prompt interdepartmental government collaboration to address structural issues. Ultimately, clarifying natural resource property rights, decentralising management authority, and promoting community-led conservation based on local needs and cultural contexts should be central to community empowerment in community governance. To achieve the governance goal of coordination between national parks and community through a multi-actor governance approach, it is necessary to strengthen the power and secure rights of national park communities, with legal protection as the starting point and community self-awareness enhancement as the endpoint. Thus, multidimensional community empowerment, including political, economic, cultural, social, and technical aspects, should be implemented in the process of national park governance.

In order to clarify the practical dilemma and theoretical logic of value realization of ecological products, this paper builds a logical analysis framework based on the property rights theory and the polycentric governance theory, and adopts the single case longitudinal study method to conduct a case study with Lishui, Zhejiang province, China's first pilot city of ecological product value realization. The research shows that: (1) Value realization of ecological products faces three challenges: difficulty in realizing resource value, insufficient protection of farmers' rights and interests, and impact on governance structure. (2) By clarifying ownership and dividing rights horizontally, the property rights system of ecological products can be optimized, and the value of resources can be promoted. (3) The matching of residual claim and supervision rights with farmers is an important path to protect farmers' rights and interests. (4) Promoting the accumulation of social capital through grassroots democratic construction and strengthening the local government's participatory guidance and mandatory rules can lead to a stable governance structure and promote the sustainable value of ecological products. Based on this, reforms should be carried out in two directions: optimizing the property rights system of ecological products and reshaping the governance mechanism, to promote the efficient, fair, and sustainable development of the value of ecological products.

The Yellow River Basin is an important birthplace of Chinese civilization, the main hub of historical evolution, and the key support of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin are related to the overall situation of comprehensively promoting Chinese path to modernization. The Yellow River Basin is an economic, social, ecological, and cultural complex system that is comprehensive, holistic, diverse, and complex, while also having close and distant coupling relationships with external regions. In the past five years since the implementation of the major national strategy for ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin, there has been a turning point in the quality of the ecological environment in the basin. The ability to maintain national food and energy security has significantly improved, and solid steps have been taken in the development of urban and rural areas. New breakthroughs have been made in cultural inheritance and development, and domestic and international opening-up and cooperation have reached a higher level. The industrial economy in the basin has made significant progress in innovation, green development, and coordination. The support capacity for technological innovation has been enhanced, and the transformation of industrial structure has achieved initial results. The efficiency of resources and environment has been greatly improved. Anchoring the grand goal of basically achieving socialist modernization by 2035, it is necessary to seize the opportunity of cultivating and developing new quality productive forces on the premise of better coordinated development and security, promote economic-social-environmental co-upgrading with high-quality population development, coordinate the nexus of people-water-food-energy-carbon-ecology, accelerate the construction of the physically bounded Yellow River National Cultural Park, and explore the modernization path of the great river basin to achieve high-quality integrated development of economy, society, ecology, and culture in a coordinated manner. In order to drive the transformation and upgrading of industries, the basin needs continuously to promote regional coordinated development, technological innovation, consumption upgrading, and high-level opening up. Aiming to give full play to the role of national energy security ballast stones and important production bases for green energy in the Yellow River Ji-shaped bend, it also needs to accelerate the construction of national energy security guarantee bases in the Ji-shaped riverbend. Facing the complex human-water relationship, the Yellow River Basin needs to construct a coupled model of the human-nature system based on human-water relationship and systematically understand the human-water relationship in the Yellow River including the integrity from the perspective of the nexus, the systematicity from the perspective of critical threshold, and the synergy from the perspective of remote coupling, which is an important scientific and technological support for promoting ecological protection and high-quality development in this region.

Nature-based Solutions (NbS) have received worldwide attention from academics, governments, NGOs and the public in the field of ecological conservation and restoration. Since NbS was formally proposed, its concept has been continuously clarified and refined under the promotion of international organizations such as EU and IUCN, and was officially defined by the United Nations in 2022. The theory and technology of NbS have been gradually developed and perfected by fully admitting the basic theories of ecology, geography and other disciplines, as well as integrating and developing ecological conservation and restoration-related technologies. In recent years, a large number of research results have been achieved in the construction of NbS theoretical system, development of technical model, identification of pathways and estimation of potentials in coping with climate change, synergistic response to social challenges, management model and financial mechanism, and the direction of future development etc., providing strong reference values for ecological conservation and restoration practices. At present, as one of the most important measures for ecological civilization construction, NbS have a positive influence on the planning of ecological conservation and restoration of territorial space, and the integration of ecological conservation and restoration of mountains, waters, forests, farmlands, grasslands, and deserts, and significant results have been achieved in related projects and local practices. In the future, the application of NbS in China should focus on the following directions: (1) Continuously carry out theoretical and technical research to accurately grasp the intrinsic mechanisms of ecosystems. (2) Explore the localization pathway of NbS, implement NbS-based ecological conservation and restoration under the framework of China's territorial spatial planning and use control, and explore the coordination and integration with related project management requirements. (3) Apply NbS to promote the improvement of China's ecological conservation and restoration work with clarified social challenges, carry out monitoring and evaluation, adaptive management, update and improve the technical standards and norms system. (4) Innovate the funding mechanism, actively apply for relevant international projects, and explore the mechanism of transforming ecological benefits into economic benefits. (5) Carry out the application of NbS, comprehensively apply NbS in projects in key areas from planning and designing stage, and summarize practical experience to promote the overall improvement of China's ecological conservation and restoration work.

This paper constructs a resident's satisfaction evaluation system for urban village renewal based on the theory of actual-expectation gap and the theory of social satisfaction, and uses structural equation model to empirically analyze 18 urban villages in Shenzhen, which is aimed at exploring the satisfaction impact mechanism of villagers and tenants on the demolition-reconstruction or comprehensive renovation. The results show that: (1) The satisfaction of villagers in demolition-reconstruction is higher than that in comprehensive renovation.The main influencing factors are economic compensation and participation rights. (2) Tenants are more satisfied with comprehensive renovation than villagers.The influencing factors that cause differences include participation rights and housing neighborhood environment. (3) The property unified rental model has a more significant effect on improving tenants' satisfaction, while villagers may prefer non-property unified rental models. The main influencing factors include living environment, changes in income and expenditure, and participation rights. Based on this, optimization suggestions are proposed: (1) Drawing on demolition-reconstruction's policies, establishing and improving policies or standards for comprehensive renovation to protect residents' rights. Fully considering the implementation of the rights of villagers and tenants in the process of urban village renewal, achieving standardization of science popularization and publicity work for pre-renewal, and establishing a feedback mechanism for renewal opinions in the future. (2) Comprehensively evaluating the current situation of urban villages, then exploring suitable transformation models according to local conditions, and encouraging parallel development of "order based" and "menu based" transformation. (3) The government should leverage its policy coordination advantages, actively collaborate with the rental market, solve the problem of low-cost residential space shortage, and form a long-term and stable renewal linked housing supply system.

Network attention is a concentrated expression of market demand, and it provides a new focus for releasing the potential of tourism consumption and optimizing the allocation of tourism resources in the context of flow economy. Based on the phenomenon that the current network focus hotspots and spatially based resource distribution abundance are not fully coordinated, and the transformation of tourism resource utilization value to product market value is insufficient, this paper takes Yunnan province data from the whole and local scales as the cases from 2013 to 2022 to explore the spatial mismatch relationship and driving mechanism of tourism resource abundance and network attention in this province through the methods of gravity center model, spatial dislocation index and geographic detector. The results show that: (1) From the perspective of the overall mismatch, the gravity center of tourism resources abundance and tourism network attention during the study period present the characteristics of moving to the southeast and the southwest of Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture, respectively. The fluctuation amplitude of the distance between the two centers of gravity is relatively large, showing a repeated alternation of "approaching-distancing-approaching". (2) From the perspective of regional dislocation, the spatial mismatch relationship between the two regions has obvious regional characteristics, presenting a distribution pattern of "positive mismatch area-negative mismatch area-positive mismatch area" from northwest to southeast. (3) From the perspective of driving mechanism, the four driving forces, namely, resource endowment, human resource potential, economic development and information dissemination, are intertwined, which jointly drive the evolution of tourism resource abundance and network attention in Yunnan from spatial dislocation to spatial adaptation. The results of this study not only respond to the practical needs and academic concerns of the adaptive development of regional tourism resources "quantity and quality" and network attention in the context of flow economy, but also promote the rational explanation of the driving mechanism of spatial mismatch between them.

In the context of China's urban stock renewal, the implementation of micro-renewal in old communities is of strategic importance for the high-quality development of cities and the modernisation of the country's governance capacity. In the context of China's urban stock renewal, the implementation of micro-regeneration in old communities is of strategic importance for the high-quality development of cities and the modernisation of national governance capacity. By exploring the localisation of polycentric governance theory, this paper analyses polycentric governance in the Chinese context, and selects a key micro-renewal project in Qinhuai district, Nanjing as the research object, to explore the multi-party governance mechanism of micro-regeneration in China's aging communities. The study finds that the multi-party governance mechanism is a collaborative renewal mechanism in which multiple actors, including the district government, district state-owned enterprises, planning teams, community grassroots organisations, and residents, participate in a clear division of roles and networked interactions in order to respect residents' property rights and wishes. Among them, the transformation of the government's decentralised role and the effective integration of social forces are the key factors contributing to the construction of the mechanism of multi-party co-regulation; the interactive relationship of the multiple subjects changes continuously with the advancement of the renewal stage; and the establishment of a platform for effective communication and rational interaction among the various subjects is the key to promoting the sustainable development of micro-renewal of the old community, which is currently still in the mode of an external impetus. At present, community micro-renewal in Qinhuai district is still in a mode of external driving force; micro-renewal can create sustainable production benefits for the physical space, social space, economic development, and historical resources of the old community.

High-quality integrated development of culture and tourism is of great significance in building a new development pattern of the two industries. Based on the system theory, this paper constructs an evaluation index system for the development of culture and tourism industries from four dimensions of "elements-structure-function-environment", and explores the spatial and temporal variations of the development level of high-quality integration of and cultural and tourism industries in 30 provincial-level regions in China from 2013 to 2022 by using the comprehensive evaluation model of fitness, Moran's I index and hot spot analysis, and examines the grouping paths to achieve high-quality integration of cultural and tourism development through fsQCA analysis. The results show that: (1) China's cultural and tourism industry development indexes show a fluctuating growth, and first increase and then decrease, respectively, both showing the spatial and temporal characteristics of "increase in the south and decrease in the north". (2) China's high-quality integrated development of culture and tourism presents a spatial pattern of "high in the southeast and low in the northwest", with high-adaptation and high-match types mainly concentrated in East China, and low-adaptation and low-match types mostly found in Southwest China, South China and Northeast China. (3) The development of high-quality integration of culture and tourism in China is characterised by 'multiple concurrency', with circularity and openness being one of the main core conditions for achieving high-quality integration of culture and tourism in multiple stages, and coordination, ecological civilisation, and scientific and technological innovation playing an important driving role in different stages. China should use policy coordination, integrated layout and comprehensive development as a means of governance, and benchmarking, collaborative and combined development as a policy guide to continuously promote the high-quality integrated development of the culture and tourism industries.