"Three rural issues" (issues concerning agriculture, rural areas, and farmers) is an important mainline of the CPC's centennial course of party building and China's urban-rural development. In order to solve the "three rural issues" in the New Era and promote the implementation of rural revitalization strategy, we hereby invite ten experts in the research field of "three rural issues" and rural revitalization research to conduct interviews. The interview mainly focuses on three perspectives: Historical process and institutional context, urban-rural system and cross scale space, and the integration of policy theory, technical methods, and rural construction practice. It revolves three main lines: The strategic stage and institutional changes of "three rural issues", the essence of "three rural issues" and the ways to solve new "three rural issues", and the rural revitalization mechanism and rural construction practice. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) The essence, key areas, and institutional mechanism innovation of the "three rural issues" in the context of spatio-temporal processes and institutional contexts. It is necessary to grasp the laws of "three rural" (agriculture, rural areas, and farmers) and diagnose the "three rural issues" from the perspective of urban and rural regional systems and even the global perspective space. The "three rural issues" is an optimization decision-making problem for improving the functions of rural regional systems within the overall framework of urban and rural regional systems. The imbalance in urban-rural development and insufficient rural development are the concentrated reflection of the "three rural issues" in the New Era. The crux of the "three rural issues" lies in the uncoordinated development of "human, land, and industry". The core goal of China's "three rural issues" in the new development stage is to move towards the common prosperity of farmers and rural areas. The corresponding development system and working mechanism of "agriculture, rural areas, and farmers" need to grasp the two "bottom lines", do a good job in the two "connections", and promote the two "integrations" in key areas such as national food security, farmers' livelihood development, modern agriculture and rural development, rural revitalization, and urban-rural integration development. (2) The theory of rural revitalization and the rural spatial planning under the requirements of urban-rural system interaction and people's common prosperity. The research and solution of China's "three rural issues" are rooted in the geographical theory of territorial system theory of human-environment interaction and location theory, the sector economy theory and the economic cycle theory, as well as the theory of development economics, sociological function theory and social conflict theories. In the research practice of the "three rural issues", land use transformation theory, rural reconstruction theory, rural development multi-body and multi-pole theory, interface theory, rural attraction theory, and rural sustainability have also been developed. The urban-rural integrated development and the common prosperity of the people should be the result of balanced regional development and Chinese path to modernization. The folk expression of "making rural life attractive" and the strategic goal of "basically realizing rural modernization by 2035" are mutually "exterior-interior" relationship, which can be comprehensively explained from the following three aspects: The spatio-temporal differences and path differentiation of rural settlement evolution and multi-functional transformation, and the phenomenon explanation of rural gentrification and the theoretical application of rural attraction in the context of urban-rural interaction, as well as the theoretical significance and practical path of rural modernization under the guidance of rural sustainability science. Improving local quality is an inherent requirement to meet the people's needs for a better life, and it is an essential requirement and general law of rural revitalization driven by innovation. As the edge of the national urban-rural system, rural areas face constraints such as segmentation, remoteness, low density, and insufficient heterogeneity dividends in improving local quality. Therefore, to improve local quality of rural areas, it is necessary to adapt to and alleviate the relative inefficiency of rural geography, and its important promotion paths include the characteristic development based on endowment, digital transformation and rural agglomeration centered around cities and towns. Guided by spatial planning and taking into account the integrated functional development of production-living-ecological spaces in rural areas, as well as the integration of urban and rural space through spatial planning, through promoting the quality of living space through comprehensive land improvement, assisting in the realization of multifunctional value in agricultural space through refined management, ensuring the sustainable use of ecological space through systematic protection and restoration, which is a solid foundation for rural revitalization and the construction of a new urban-rural relationship. (3) The path mechanism and technical support for the comprehensive rural revitalization and rural construction under the new needs of ecological civilization construction and governance modernization. Comprehensive rural revitalization requires the revitalization of industries, the reform of land, the development of human well-being, and the intelligent updating of technology. First, the essence of operating rural areas is the rational allocation of resources as the object of factors. It is necessary to integrate the high-quality development of agriculture with the high-quality and livable rural areas, promote the interaction and integration of urban and rural systems, actively link natural science, engineering technology innovation, and institutional innovation from the perspective of the big food concept, and implement food safety and important agricultural product supply security. Second, facing the new demand of rural sustainable development and governance modernization, we should innovate the property right governance integration mechanism of rural land system, especially actively build a rural green development mechanism with farmers' participation and an external benefit sharing mechanism of ecological environment governance. Third, it is urgent to break through the barriers that farmers share the gains from the appreciation of rural assets, fill the gap between small farmers and modern agriculture, and establish a concept of county governance that meets the needs of Chinese path to modernization. Fourth, rural construction is an organic combination of the governance of public spaces by the state and the daily life practices of farmers. Through the theory and technology of "computational" rural areas, effective connection and information sharing between the state and rural areas can be achieved, promoting coordinated development from micro to macro, and from local to whole. And we should achieve the aim of building livable, suitable for work, and beautiful rural areas, through multi-level main body co-construction, co-governance, and management. To sum up, the interview views can provide theoretical reference and decision-making reference for the "three rural issues" work innovation and rural revitalization practice towards Chinese path to modernization.

Urban-rural integrated development is an important way to coordinate the national strategies of new urbanization and rural revitalization. It is also crucial for Chinese-style modernization. To comprehensively tackle challenges facing the current urban-rural integration in China, explore the path of coordinated urban-rural governance, and clarify the strategies for urban-rural integrated development, experts from various fields were cordially invited to engage in in-depth discussions on pressing issues related to urban-rural iintegrated development. These issues include the trends and pathways of urban-rural integration in contemporary China, Innovation of institutions and mechanisms for urban-rural integration, implementation pathways for territorial spatial planning, emerging rural business models and rural transformation pathways, high-quality development pathways for urban-rural integration in different regions, and the path of promoting urban-rural integrated development through comprehensive land consolidation. These discussions aimed to advance theoretical research and practical planning of urban-rural integrated development in China. Attentions need to be paid in urban-rural integrated development in the New Era on: (1) The primary obstacles and innovative pathways in the institutions and mechanisms of urban-rural integrated development guided by comprehensive coordination and regional interconnectivity. Constructing an infrastructure and public service system that effectively connects and complements urban and rural areas, accelerating the coordinated development of urban and rural areas using counties as the carrier, and promoting the flexible governance of this population while concurrently achieving integrated governance of urban-rural natural and social system. Promoting cross-border governance, encouraging cooperation and assistance between eastern and western regions, and achieving regional-scale coordinated development between urban and rural areas. Underdeveloped regions in both Central and Western China should strengthen the linkage role of counties and small towns. This involves enhancing their attractiveness for the inflow of talent, technology, and capital, and driving the transformation of industrial structures towards digitization, intelligence, and low. In contrast, developed regions in the Eastern China should establish a spatial structure system with multiple focal points, network layout, and clear hierarchies. They should expand the breadth and precision of urban-rural factor mobility, and promote the transformation and upgrade of traditional infrastructure and public services, aiming for inclusive development. (2) Optimizing the allocation of resource elements driven by the "planning-utilization-consolidation" cycle in territorial spatial management to achieve shared urban-rural governance and rural reconstruction. Anchoring the spatial pattern of urban and rural development through territorial spatial planning, optimizing the urban-rural spatial layout during planning implementation. Ultimately, improving the spatial quality organic renewal and driving bidirectional flows of diverse elements between urban and rural regions. Place emphasis on rural functional provision, resource utilization orientation, and industrial development models, uncovering multifaceted rural functions including production, lifestyle, ecology, and landscapes. Exploring regionally adapted industrial integration models that enhance agricultural and rural development vitality through distinctive features and high efficiency gains. We also should enhance the leading role of comprehensive land consolidation policies, incentivize and support active private capital involvement, promote resource integration and value enhancement. Strengthening urban-rural industrial synergy and integrated development, and facilitating the orderly flow of urban-rural resource elements. (3) Enhanced awareness and innovative practices in targeted urban-rural governance and rural transformation supported by digital technology and intelligent platforms. Establishing an urban-rural data sharing platform helps bridge the "digital divide" in urban-rural integrated development and enables refined governance across urban and rural areas. Deeply apply the technologies like 5G, Internet of Things (IoT) to support the transformation and upgrade of conventional infrastructure. Expanding the coverage of digital devices in rural basic facilities, and utilizing digital technology to integrate cultural resources across urban and rural areas. Promoting the deep integration of the digital economy and the physical economy involves linking consumer markets through the internet and digital technology, establishing diverse channels for agricultural product distribution, and stimulating the transformation of consumption patterns and the enhancement of consumption capabilities for both urban and rural residents. Embedding digital technology into rural industry development and social governance processes to facilitate the intelligent transformation of agricultural production, digitalization of rural industry development, smartification of rural administrative affairs, and establishment of a digital grid for rural social governance. The aforementioned viewpoints can provide theoretical support and decision-making foundations for achieving the goal of urban-rural integrated development oriented towards Chinese-style modernization.

This study creates an evaluation index system for the degree of urban water scarcity based on the results of previous research and uses principal component analysis (PCA) to assess the level of water scarcity in 32 major cities in China from 2011 to 2020. The types and distribution characteristics of water scarcity are identified, along with the dominant physical meaning of the principal components, using the group-based multi-trajectory modeling (GBMTM) method. In addition, the types of scarcity and the potential risks of managing water resources during the process of urban expansion are discussed. The results showed that: (1) Significant regional variability exists in the water resource deficit, as demonstrated by the fact that it worsens gradually from the southeast to the northwest and is constrained by resource endowment. There, most cities with water scarcity are distributed in Northern China. (2) Resource-engineering coupling-constrained water scarcity is prevalent in major cities of Northwest China, resource-constrained and management-constrained water scarcity is prevalent in most parts of North and Northeast China; engineering-constrained and water-quality-constrained water scarcity is prevalent in many cities of Southern China. (3) The complexity of the urban water scarcity problem increases with the severity of the water deficit. Also, the motivating factors change over time. For instance, the intertwined impact of urban growth and GDP growth frequently results in the conversion of urban water scarcity types or the dominant position and can even cause the risk of urban water scarcity to materialize. (4) The likelihood of management-constrained water scarcity increases with the increase of city size and GDP. Also, the pace at which management-constrained water scarcity contributes to urban development is proportionate. The study also discovered that the GBMTM model can accurately distinguish separate clusters from various development trajectories. It can be utilized as a crucial tool for tracking the evolution of dynamic data in hydrology and water resources fields.

Boosting the internal impetus for rural development is key to promoting high-quality rural development and constructing livable, workable, harmonious and beautiful villages. To this end, existing studies call for neo-endogenous rural development through the collaboration of actors within and outside villages. However, most of the studies discuss this issue at the conceptual level, which still needs a systematic framework to provide action guide. Addressing the gap, this study combines the symbiotic theory and neo-endogenous development pattern, and builds a research framework with three dimensions of the symbiotic unit, symbiotic pattern and symbiotic environment. Taking the "Rural Operation" practice in Lin'an district in Hangzhou as the case, this study identifies the path and mechanisms of the symbiosis of multiple actors within and outside villages to realize neo-endogenous rural development. This study finds that: (1) Local forces, social forces and government forces constitute the basic symbiotic units, respectively assuming the roles of endogenous power, localized intermediary and platform constructor. (2) Neo-endogenous rural development is embedded in a multi-scale symbiotic environment of state, market and local spaces. Multiple action logics, including the state administrative logic, market economic logic and local cultural logic, exist in the environment. (3) In terms of the symbiotic pattern, symbiotic units need to build deep and multiple linkages with each other, establish shared values, and construct a governance system with formal and informal institutions, to enable the stability and sustainability of the symbiotic relationship. This study also provides practical implications for boosting the internal impetus for rural development and promoting rural revitalization, from the perspective of symbiotic theory.

Identifying the spatial structure of the rural regional system scientifically and systematically is the premise of proposing differentiated rural revitalization strategies. This is of important practical significance for thoroughly implementing the rural revitalization strategy and accelerate the integrated development of urban-rural areas. This paper takes Changsha county, Hunan province as the research area, constructs a rural development evaluation index system based on the rural regional multi-body system and the multi-level goals of rural revitalization, and integrates research methods such as gravity model, K-Means clustering, geographic detectors and spatial autocorrelation. Quantifying and identifying the spatial structure, including poles of rural revitalization, fields of village-town space, zones of rural development and urban- rural infrastructure networks, is composed of 137 administrative villages in Changsha county. The results show that: (1) The spatial differentiation of rural development level in the study area is the result of a combination of factors, which presents a circle structure weakening from the center of the town core to the periphery, and the spatial agglomeration effect is significant. (2) The closeness of supply and demand between regions is an important factor affecting the strength of spatial linkage, and the intensity of spatial connection based on factors can better express the needs and complementary pattern of regional development. (3) The "Pole-Field-Zone-Network" multidimensional analysis framework has strong applicability for the identification and division of the spatial structure of the rural regional system in the suburbs of the urban area. Finally, 11 rural revitalization poles, 3 village space fields, and 7 rural development areas were specifically determined and divided, and an urban-rural infrastructure network based on the "pole-field-zone" network structure was constructed. According to the spatial structure, this paper puts forward differentiated suggestions for promoting rural revitalization and urban-rural integration development.

The protection and utilization of traditional villages is not only a major practical issue to realize China's rural revitalization and Chinese-style modernization, but also a hot topic in the integration and cross-research of geography, sociology, planning, economics and other disciplines. In order to systematically explore the theoretical cognition, practical problems, system mechanism, practical experience and effective path of the protection and utilization of traditional villages in China, 11 experts in the research field of traditional villages were invited to conduct interviews. The interview mainly focuses on the classification of Chinese traditional villages from three perspectives: policy change and typical model, macro mechanism and core theme, theoretical cognition and practical path, and focuses on specific practices such as industrial integration, landscape protection, vitality, value realization, subject drive, spatial governance and locality, based on the theoretical understanding of the macro system and mechanism for the protection and utilization of Chinese traditional villages. Advanced theoretical and practical issues such as industrial integration, landscape protection, organic renewal, vitality, value realization, subject drive, spatial governance and locality were discussed in depth. According to the main views of the experts, the protection and utilization of China's traditional villages in the new era should focus on: (1) The main problems of protection and utilization of Chinese traditional villages facing the impact of rapid urbanization and modernization, the innovation of mechanism and system, and the realization path. In view of the conflict between modern civilization and agricultural civilization faced by traditional Chinese villages and the major strategic needs for national rural revitalization and Chinese-style modernization, the combination of "top-down" and "bottom-up" is adopted to build a diversified integration mechanism featuring multi-subject participation, organic integration of agriculture, culture and tourism, and overall coordination. By exploring the endogenous growth factors of traditional villages and the historical inheritance and cultural context of traditional villages, strengthening the leadership of rural grassroots party building, giving play to the role of villagers as the main body, reshaping the public cultural space system of traditional villages and all-round digital twin modeling, etc., we will create a living environment that is in line with modernization development and ecological civilization construction and jointly build a cultural map, to realize the transformation of traditional Chinese villages from "vegetable gardens" and "back gardens" to "spiritual homes". (2) Core themes and specific spatial practices of protection and utilization of traditional Chinese villages for rural revitalization and Chinese-style modernization. Focus on the core themes of traditional village classification, industrial integration, organic renewal, landscape protection, vitality, value realization, subject drive, spatial governance and local reconstruction, and strengthen the classification and classification of traditional villages based on the coupling of key factors such as "livelihood, water, food, energy and land"; focus on the significance, connotation and influence mechanism of the time dimension, space dimension and attribute dimension of traditional village industrial transformation; focus on the three tasks of "protection and development countermeasures, measures to improve people's livelihood, and strategies to activate utilization" to promote the organic renewal of traditional settlements; emphasis should be placed on the gene protection and inner spiritual value mining of traditional human settlement cultural landscape, the "living" protection and utilization of traditional living space and the "activation" of traditional cultural heritage; focus on the diversification of traditional village activities, "co-construction, co-governance and sharing" and the construction of beautiful villages; the importance of natural non-human elements and human beings as spatial order construction and place construction of traditional villages and their active practice are emphasized to promote the realization of multi-functionality and multi-value of traditional villages. Pay attention to the excavation of traditional cultural heritage and intensive and efficient material space, create a harmonious and comfortable social space and protect and inherit traditional culture space; focusing on rural elements such as "ecology, culture, subject, and industry", strengthening ecological background, inheriting and developing local culture, balancing capital advantages and local embeddedness among local and cross-local subjects, so as to realize local reconstruction and characteristic remodeling of traditional Chinese villages.

Commons often lead to a "tragedy of the commons" because they can be accessed freely, that is, overexploitation of commons usually leads to resource degradation. Since Garrett Hardin published an article "Tragedy of the Commons" in Science in 1968, there has been an increasing number of studies on commons governance to avert the tragedies. With the development of urbanization, industrialization and increase of population, the overexploitation of natural resources by human activities has become increasingly serious, such as air pollution, carbon emissions, marine pollution, and depletion of mineral resources In order to promote the sustainable use of commons, it is necessary to review the theoretical and practical progress of the "tragedy of the commons" theory and its related study of governance. Therefore, this paper first reviews the theory of "tragedy of the commons". Then, obtaining 43830 paper, documents, etc. from Google Scholar that have cited Harding's articles by the end of 2020, this paper analyzes the keyword time series of these citing literatures, and combines with the development context of the research to summarize the progress of theory. We found the theoretical progress includes five aspects: examination of "Tragedy of the Commons" theory, analyses of the property right system of public resources, multiple governance types of commons, sustainability analysis of Social-Ecological Systems (SES), and governance of global resources. Their inspirations for sustainable governance in China are: (1) There is no "panacea" for resource governance, and it is necessary to explore the "diversification" of the system; (2) Accelerate the improvement of the property rights system for natural resources, and build a property rights system for natural resources owned by all the people, based on China's national conditions; (3) Implement multiple governance types on natural resources and build a collaborative, co-governance and shared environment; (4) Implement systematic governance of natural resources to promote the harmonious coexistence between human and nature; (5) Govern global resources through institutional innovation, and build a community with a shared future for mankind. The review of the development of "the tragedy of the commons" and its governance can provide important theoretical and practical enlightenment for the sustainable development of China's resources and environment and the modernization of governance capabilities. This also indicates an interdisciplinary academic innovation path and proposes potential research directions.

In the era of digital economy, the tourism development model based on traditional natural and human resources can no longer effectively meet the diversified and personalized needs of tourists. Some non-traditional tourism resources in digital platforms have attracted a large amount of attention capital and converted into tourism flows, which greatly expands the content and boundaries of tourism resources. The emergence of the flow economy has not only profoundly affected the development model of tourism, but also posed new challenges to the theory and practice of tourism resource development. Interviews show that: First, the formation of the flow economy is not a coincidental phenomenon; although the spread of flow leads to the expansion of attention capital scale and drives tourism development, the core of tourism development lies in tourism resource endowment, tourism service quality, government support and guarantee, etc. Second, the flow economy drives the recombination, agglomeration and diffusion of tourism supply and demand factors, and quickly caters to the individual needs of tourists, while whether the tourism industry can adjust its service supply capacity in response to changes in tourist demand becomes the key path and mechanism for the flow economy to promote tourism development. Third, in order to promote the flow economy to empower the high-quality development of tourism, it is necessary to combine effective market and active government, and to establish the brand of tourism. We can also make full use of the spatial effect of the flow economy to promote the collaborative development of regional tourism. Finally, after the tourism boom triggered by the flow economy, it is also necessary to calmly consider the mismatch of resources, negative environmental effects, cultural conflicts and contradictions between short-term hotspots and long-term investment. Only in this way can tourist destinations follow a sustainable development path.

In China's urbanization 2.0 phase, urban renewal has become the primary means of urban spatial development. Essentially, it is a high-quality development process aimed at enhancing the efficiency of resource allocation and utilization, strengthening spatial carrying capacity, optimizing urban functional quality, and reinforcing urban development resilience. Centered on the reform and development goal of "establishing a sustainable urban renewal model and policy regulations" set by the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, 15 experts and scholars from fields such as geography, urban and rural planning, and land resource management engaged in written discussions. This exploration spans various perspectives and dimensions, including the conceptual connotation, value concepts, implementation and pathways, institutional policy environment construction, and performance evaluation methods of sustainable urban renewal. Specifically: (1) Conceptual Connotation: Sustainable urban renewal should be understood as both the "sustainability" of goals and the "sustainability" of implementation. (2) Value Concepts: Emphases should be placed on promoting multi-stakeholder participation and benefit-sharing as the fundamental economic philosophy for constructing sustainable urban renewal, as well as integrating urban renewal into the spatial governance of urban cultural heritage, social spatial, and ecological spaces, thereby organizing urban renewal actions from a multidimensional systemic perspective of "economic-social-cultural-ecological-resilience". (3) Implementation: It is crucial to effectively balance the interests of local governments, market entities, property owners, and society. Secondly, attention should be given to ensuring and enhancing the mechanism for state-owned enterprises to participate in urban renewal. Thirdly, new mechanisms should be adopted such as franchising to attract enthusiasm from social capital. With all parties mentioned above, we should transform urban construction from a "supply-oriented" to a "demand-oriented" model. Besides, to meet the people's growing needs for a better life, urban renewal implementation should focus more on multi-participatory design, embedding public service facilities, green infrastructure, and digital technology elements at the micro-community scale perceptible to the people, and coordinate urban renewal planning and management implementation. (4) Institutional Policy Environment Construction: Overall, there should be a focus on new demands for urban renewal products, governance, and models in the new era, so as to create an adaptive and sustainable institutional policy environment for urban renewal. Particularly, considering key elements such as "people, land, and capital" in urban renewal, systematic institutional innovations should be conducted in aspects like land use regulations, funding arrangements, and organizational mechanisms. (5) Performance Evaluation: Finally, from a "people's perspective", a measurable and comparable performance evaluation system for urban renewal should be established.

In recent years, the exacerbation of climate change poses a significant threat to cultural heritage protection in China. It is of both theoretical and practical significance to study the influencing mechanism and response mechanism of climate change influence on cultural heritage protection. This study analyzes the mechanism and process of mutual interaction of climate factors on cultural heritage, evaluates the influence and trend of future climate change on Chinese cultural heritage, and finally explores the interactive relationship among different stakeholders of Chinese cultural heritage protection. The results show the mechanism and process that the changes of various climate factors acting on cultural heritage are complex and diverse. The change of individual climate factors, the chain reaction triggered by the change of climate factor, and the interaction of different climate factors generally have a direct or indirect impact on cultural heritage. Moreover, solar radiation, temperature, humidity, air pollutants, precipitation and other climatic factors have affected Chinese cultural heritage to a certain extent, admittedly, but it is necessary to dialectically explore the impact of future climate change on Chinese cultural heritage. With the intensification of global warming and the appearance of extreme weather, the destruction of cultural heritage caused by the difference in temperature and freezing will be reduced, but the cultural heritage represented by ancient wooden buildings and grottoes will still face severe threats. Finally, the establishment of a network of stakeholders is beneficial to administrative departments, local governments, local communities, enterprises, tourists, researchers, and external pressure groups to play respective roles to jointly protect cultural heritage. Under the dual backgrounds of the intensification of climate change and the strategy of "cultural power", this paper is helpful to deepen the understanding of all circles on cultural heritage protection, and enrich the theoretical discussion about protection and utilization of cultural heritage.

New quality productive forces are the core driver for building a modern tourism sector and also support the development of a strong tourism nation. In order to deeply understand the scientific connotation of new quality productive forces and clarify the theoretical logic and strategic path of new quality productive forces empowering the high-quality development of tourism industry, several experts on regional economic development, the digital economy, tourism management and geography were interviewed. The interviews were based on the logic of "problem orientation-innovative thinking-path mechanism", focusing on the background, opportunities and challenges, core meanings, drivers, and innovations empowering the high-quality development of tourism new quality productive forces. There were three main conclusions from this research. The first was the strategic opportunities and risks of promoting the high-quality development of tourism through new quality productive forces against a background of rapid and continuous technological change. New quality productive forces optimize resource allocation through scientific and technological innovation, and improve the production efficiency and growth quality of tourism. They also produce new tourism development models and forms of business, constantly generating momentum to drive high-quality economic and social improvements. Especially in rural tourism, the role of new quality productive forces is particularly significant. It promotes the gradual improvement of the rural tourism production network, enhances cooperation among rural tourism stakeholders, helps rural tourism participants evolve new production initiatives, and ultimately reinvigorates rural areas with increased prosperity. However, given globalization and rapid digitalization, innovation in tourism faces a series of challenges. In particular, the lack of systematic development of tourism software and hardware, risks of data security and privacy protection, resistance to change and innovation in traditional tourism, and the "growing pains" brought by the transformation to new technologies deserve attention. The development of new quality productive forces in future tourism must focus on technological innovation, find and prepare a quality tourism workforce, optimize and more closely integrate products and services with human talent, and significantly improve the total factor productivity of tourism. Second, the process of empowering the high-quality development of tourism must encompass technological innovation leading to industrial modernization. Innovation plays a leading role in new quality productive forces and is the core driver of the high-quality development of tourism. The new quality productive forces empowering this tourism development have several specific features. Technological innovation leads the modernization of the tourism sector and is a prerequisite for the high-quality development of tourism. Factor integration and supply-demand matching are the intrinsic requirements for the high-quality development of tourism. Other critical ingredients are digitization, greening and artificial intelligence. The significant improvement of total factor productivity must be the core goal for the high-quality development of tourism. Third, the guidance of national strategy is crucial to the progress and prospects for new quality productive forces empowering the high-quality development of tourism. New quality productive forces are receiving widespread emphasis since their inception and have become a core issue highly valued by the tourism sector in China. In the New Era, modern technology has become a key production factor in tourism. Additionally, the transformation and upgrading of tourism is dynamically advancing, growth is strengthening, and the ability of tourism to serve national economic and social-cultural strategies is becoming more noticeable. However, it should not be overlooked that high-quality tourism development is still faced with serious problems such as weak technological innovation capabilities, uneven regional development, inadequate circulation of factor resources, and insufficient human talent for tourism. To further enhance the beneficial impacts of new quality productive forces in stimulating the high-quality development of tourism, it is necessary to focus on deepening the reform of the system and operations in tourism, optimizing the creative allocation of tourism production factors, accelerating the development of a modern tourism sector, and improving the quality of professional tourism talent. These three recommendations will not only enhance the understanding and application of new quality productive forces to a certain extent, but also provide decision-making support for building China into a leading tourism nation in the world.

Urbanization in China has transitioned from an era of urban construction focused on incremental land development to an era of urban renewal focused on stock land development. Implementing urban renewal and achieving high-quality development has become a significant challenge for urban development in the second half of China's urbanization process. In response to this challenge, experts and scholars from relevant academic fields were invited to explore and discuss the fundamental issues of how urban renewal should be implemented under the new historical conditions and value orientations. The key aspects and solution pathways of this issue were discussed, with a focus on the following areas: the institutional and strategic issues that impact urban renewal, the practical and technical questions of how urban renewal is carried out, and the potential negative effects arising from urban renewal. The paper has extensive discussions and reflections on these topics. Based on the main viewpoints of the invited experts, urban renewal under the background of high-quality development transformation needs to pay attention to the following key issues. First of all, the goals of urban renewal should be determined synthetically with the full consideration of the national development strategies pertaining to urban development, with the effort to promote the innovation of urban renewal system in the areas of spatial planning, land supply and management, development models, financing, and public participation. Second, it is suggested that new models of urban renewal driven by the combined efforts of government, market, and society needs to be established to ensure the publicness, efficiency, and fairness of urban renewal projects. In particular, the government should play a role of guiding and encouraging through decentralization and empowerment; the role of market should pay attention to the advantages of cooperation between private capital and state-owned enterprise capital; the society should play a role by activating the subjective role of property rights owners. Third, with the aim to promote a people-centered development, the damage of urban renewal to historical and cultural protection and adverse effects of gentrification it brings should be regulated and avoided. There is a need to enhance exploration of the urban renewal models beneficial to historical and cultural protection and social justice. This paper concludes by calling on scholars from multiple disciplines including geography, resources and environmental sciences, planning, and management to jointly promote research of urban renewal theories that fit to the Chinese path to modernization, with the aim to make Chinese contribution to theories on global urban renewal.

At present, the urban renewal action of Wuhan has changed from large-scale demolition and construction to the era of "retaining, replacing and dismantling". The transformation mode has also changed from local transformation to continuous renewal. In the current era, it is particularly important to identify urban "retained, replaced and demolished" units intelligently. Recently, the combination of AI and remote sensing has been widely used for the identification of typical surface features of natural resources, cultivated land protection, and law enforcement supervision. In this paper, we combine AI and remote sensing to identify "retention, reconstruction and demolition" units. First, we establish training samples of the "retention, replacement and demolition" unit, then use the deep learning network to establish the artificial intelligent model, and finally select the remote sensing data to carry out the identification of "retention, replacement and demolition" unit in Wuhan. The integration of remote sensing and deep learning improves work efficiency of the identification of "retaining, replacing and dismantling" units, and provides scientific basis for solving the pain points in urban renewal.

The deep integration of culture and tourism has sparked numerous hot topics worthy of academic and professional discussion. This study synthesizes experts' views on these topics, analyzing key phenomena such as "digital intelligence empowerment", "rural tournaments", "national style breaking the circle", "officials'endorsement", "film and television empowering tourism", "off-site performances", and "city blogging". The study further examines these topics in terms of "emotional value", "cross-border integration", "risk management", and develops five key viewpoints: (1) Despite the explosive growth in public attention and replication of social behaviors, each hot topic has distinct values. (2) The "breaking the circle" phenomenon is triggered by the intersection of accidental inspiration and underlying logic, with both shared and unique triggers. (3) The formation mechanism of culture and tourism integration hot topics is complex, involving political, economic, social, technological, and other factors, driven by local governments, enterprises, institutions, and market demand. (4) The evolution of these hot topics is characterized by trends, with multiple types of cycles such as short cycle, long tail, and steady state. (5) The hot topics reflect the comprehensive effects of cross-border integration, demonstrating the depth and breadth of cultural and tourism integration, and varying in scope, intensity, and effectiveness of resource utilization. Positive and negative effects emerge simultaneously, with varying levels of controllability, necessitating the exploration and categorization of negative effects to strengthen risk management.

Innovating the multi-stakeholder collaborative governance model is essential for addressing the China's urban renewal and developmental obstacles. It would also assist in promoting high-quality urban development. This study analyzes the practical pathways and internal mechanisms of collaborative governance in urban renewal. With Hangzhou as an example, the study adopts a case study and inductive analysis methods to explore these dynamics. The results indicate that: (1) Hangzhou's urban renewal has developed four governance paths. The first path is building a governance environment through an integrated management system and diverse policy tools. The second path is establishing a governance structure that coordinates the efforts of government, market, residents, and society. The third path is applying governance tools that combine knowledge-based discourse and physical technology. Finally, the fourth path is achieving governance outcomes that balance development, livelihood, and preservation. (2) Multi-stakeholder collaborative governance of urban renewal should encompass an integrated framework of 'synergistic environment-structure-means-outcomes.' This includes an environmental synergy through self-consistent management and coordinated policy innovation, a structural synergy via diversified interest coordination and differentiated power allocation, a means synergy through normative procedures and incentive controls, and a results synergy focused on balancing conflicting goals with universal sharing. These integrated mechanisms are designed to facilitate high-quality urban renewal through coordinated development strategies. Therefore, this study offers four key governance insights. Firstly, it highlights the principles of responsibility-rights coordination and dynamic adjustment to innovate management systems and policy tools. Secondly, it calls for allocating stakeholder power based on roles to build an inclusive urban renewal governance community. Thirdly, it proposes combining regulation and incentives for flexible yet effective governance approaches. Finally, it stresses balancing efficiency and equity to achieve coordinated economic, social, and environmental development. These insights provide valuable lessons for advancing urban renewal governance in the New Era.

Utilizing green financial policies to promote green transformation of enterprises is not only a requirement for high-quality development of enterprises, but also an important part of building a green financial theory with Chinese characteristics. Selecting A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2008 to 2021 as research samples, a PSM-DID model is employed with the Green Credit Guidelines as a natural experiment. This study establishes an evaluation index system from five dimensions: green production, green innovation, environmental quality, social sharing, and green system to comprehensively evaluate the green development of enterprises, and explores the effects and mechanisms of green credit policies on the green development of enterprises. Research has found that the implementation of green credit policies has significantly promoted the green development of enterprises, and improved the levels of green production, green innovation, environmental quality, and green institution. From the perspective of enterprise investment structure, it has been verified that green credit policies can facilitate the green development of enterprises through investment duration, investment risk bearing capacity, and digital investment. From a dimensional perspective, emphasizing long-term investment can help improve green production, green innovation and environmental quality for enterprises. The increase in investment risk bearing capacity is conducive to enhancing the level of green production, innovation, and institutional management for enterprises. The raising of digital investment helps to improve the green institutional management of enterprises. Heterogeneity testing found that green credit policies have a significant promoting effect on the green development of small-scale enterprises, enterprises in central and western regions, and enterprises in high-intensity environmental regulation areas.

Intangible cultural heritage (ICH) is a crucial cultural resource and an integral part of China's excellent traditional culture. Protecting, inheriting, and promoting ICH is significant for preserving historical context, strengthening cultural confidence, fostering civilizational exchanges, and building a socialist cultural power. After over two decades of efforts, China has achieved remarkable progress in ICH protection and accumulated valuable experience. Currently, ICH preservation is transitioning from "rescue-oriented protection" to "systematic protection", marked by new characteristics. This special discussion invites experts and scholars from ICH and related fields to explore topics such as ICH protection system construction, innovative protection models, and inheritance pathways. Based on their insights, the following priorities emerge for innovative protection and inheritance in the New Era: (1) Promote systematic ICH protection by emphasizing the relationship between ICH and its environment, implementing regional holistic conservation through cultural ecological reserves, and building a people-centered protection system. (2) As a crystallization of ethnic wisdom and a key bond for consolidating the Chinese national community, ICH must connect with contemporary life. Multi-stakeholder collaboration should facilitate its integration into modern society to achieve creative transformation and innovative development. (3) Technology and tourism can empower ICH protection and inheritance across multiple dimensions. However, the core objective of heritage preservation must remain paramount. Strategic integration of technological tools can deepen ICH-tourism synergies, improve heritage experience infrastructure, facilitate ICH preservation and adaptive reuse, and effectively support both rural revitalization and urban renewal initiatives.

Ecological product value realization is not only an important bridge for the transformation of the "Two Mountains", but also an effective tool for accelerating new urbanization and rural rejuvenation. It is important to clarify its practical logic to achieve the Chinese path to modernization and promote the construction of ecological civilization. Based on 87 typical cases in the field of natural resources, using the grounded theory method, this study analyzes the process of ecological product value realization according to the procedure of "Open coding-Axial coding-Selective coding". Finally, a general explanatory framework for it is constructed. The results show that the internal logic of the whole process of ecological product value realization is "Identifying the resource base-Synergizing multiple mechanisms-Producing comprehensive benefits". The identification of the resource base is to clarify the direction of development. The synergy of the preparation mechanism, implementation mechanism, and guarantee mechanism is the driving force to convert and enhance the value of ecological products. Ultimately, the organic unity of ecological co-governance, ecological co-prosperity, and ecological co-sharing is realized through the production of ecological benefits, economic benefits, and social benefits. The study is a useful attempt to explore the theory of ecological product value realization, which can provide a constructive reference for improving the mechanism and implementation path of regional ecological product value realization.

The spatio-temporal patterns of China's cropland have been profoundly reshaped over the past 40 years, and it is vital to scientifically reveal the spatio-temporal differentiation characteristics of cropland use change and analyze its impact on cropland NPP for accurately judging the utilization situation of cropland resources and ensuring food security in China. However, few studies have focused on the spatio-temporal characteristics of cropland use change and their impacts on cropland NPP in China were still unclear. This study quantitatively analyzed the spatio-temporal differentiation characteristics of cropland use change in China from 1980 to 2020 and its impact on cropland NPP by applying the models of gravity analysis, spatial statistical analysis, and digital terrain analysis. The results were showed as follows: (1) The quantity of transfer-in cropland in China gradually exceeds that of transfer-out cropland during 1980-2020, with the spatial characteristics of south-decreased and north-increased, east-decreased and west-increased, and the gravity center of transfer-out cropland and transfer-in cropland overall moves to Southwest China. (2) Both transfer-in and transfer-out cropland develop to areas with high elevation and slope, and the average elevation and slope of transfer-in cropland is higher than that of transfer-out cropland with the phenomenon of "even cropland decreasing with steep cropland increasing" and "low-elevation cropland decreasing with high-elevation cropland increasing". (3) The fragmentation degree of transfer-in and transfer-out cropland in China has deepened, with the fragmentation degree of transfer-in cropland being higher and the phenomenon of "contiguously reduced and fragmentarily increasing". (4) The conversion of cropland to grassland and forest land was most frequent during 1980-2000, and the phenomenon of returning cropland to forest land and grassland and construction land encroaching on cropland became more obvious during 2000-2020. (5) The cropland NPP in China generally increased during the study period, but declined in several urban agglomerations and their surrounding areas. The study results provide a basis for understanding the process of cropland use change and its impacts in China, and provide scientific support for the refinement of cropland protection policies as well as the safeguarding of food security.

Historic district serves as dynamic urban heritage sites, whose conservation and regeneration are essential for preserving the historic context of cities, stimulating economic revitalization, and fostering high-quality development. Originating from the backdrop of cultural-tourism integration, this study establishes a comprehensive framework for assessing the effectiveness of historic district regeneration. This framework includes the regeneration of physical spaces, cultural preservation and display, and the revitalization of cultural tourism. Utilizing the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation methods, the study evaluates the regeneration effectiveness in three emblematic historic districts in Kaifeng city based on subjective assessments from participants. Enhancement pathways are delineated through the analysis of a "satisfaction-importance" matrix. The findings indicate consistently positive regeneration effectiveness with slight variations across the districts, scoring 3.801 for Shuanglong lane, 3.794 for Madao street, and 3.759 for Shudian street. Shuanglong lane exhibits superior performance in physical space regeneration, with a higher score than Shudian and Madao streets; however, Shudian and Madao streets excel in the revitalization of cultural tourism. Differences in cultural preservation and display are minimal. At the level of specific indicators, all districts generally receive positive evaluations for streetscape and revitalization recognition. Nonetheless, Shudian street and Madao street exhibit lower scores in streetscape aesthetics, infrastructure, and street maintenance, whereas Shuanglong lane requires improvements in its cultural and tourism attributes, diversity of revitalization efforts, and infrastructure. All districts need enhanced accessibility. Specific improvements include enhancing the neighborhood environment, cultural displays, and connotations in Shudian street; boosting cultural attractiveness and immersive interactions in Madao street; and increasing cultural appeal and diversifying the business model in Shuanglong lane.

With China's urban development entering an era of ''stock-based growth'', urban regeneration has risen to a strategic level of constructing a new national development pattern and promoting high-quality urban development. The practice of urban regeneration has gradually shifted from focusing mainly on the reconstruction and transformation of the physical environment to a sustainable urban regeneration model that considers economic, social, and environmental goals. However, there is still a lack of a systematic and comprehensive theoretical framework for sustainable urban regeneration to guide research and practice. Therefore, this paper attempts to use the Theory of the Production of Space as the foundation, combined with an analysis of urban regeneration practices in China over recent decades, to construct a systematic and comprehensive theoretical framework for sustainable urban regeneration in Chinese context from the perspective of spatial reproduction. This theoretical framework includes five core elements: sustainable regeneration goals, government, market, society, and spatial reproduction. It summarizes the composition, power, capital, and interests of the three categories of stakeholders (government, market, and society) and their different focuses and modes of competition within the reproduction operation mechanism. The paper suggests that a sustainable urban regeneration model should emphasize both comprehensive value and benefits in spatial reproduction and equitable distribution, as well as consider sustainable pathways for spatial reproduction under the constraints of limited regeneration capital.

Loss of sustained attention to tourism resources is the phenomenon of reduced or shifted attention to tourism resources, which is important for enhancing the risk-resistant ability of tourism resources. Based on the big data of online public opinion and the comprehensive use of sentiment analysis, LDA theme model, fuzzy qualitative comparative analysis and other research methods, the study explores the factors and paths that affect the loss of sustained attention to tourism resources based on the establishment of comprehensive evaluation indexes to measure the loss of sustained attention to tourism resources. The study found that: (1) The loss of sustained attention of tourism resources is characterised by volatility, but tends to be stable internally. (2) During the study period, the loss of sustained attention of Zibo, Hongyadong, and Harbin Ice and Snow Festival showed a decreasing trend, the loss of sustained attention of Chaka Salt Lake, Beer Festival, Impression Liu Sanjie, and Da Song Qianguo Love showed an increasing trend, and the loss of sustained attention of Datang Nocturnal City showed an increasing trend followed by a decreasing trend. (3) The loss of sustained attention of tourism resources is influenced by the interaction of tourism supply, market demand, new media communication and other factors, and the paths that form the low loss of sustained attention of tourism resources are product innovation and media marketing. The results of the study provide theoretical reference for understanding the inner logic of the sustainable development of tourism resources in the new media era, and provide practical guidance for effectively matching public service supply, and improving resource quality and promotion.

Digital village is an important driving force for agricultural and rural modernization. It is not only the strategic direction of rural revitalization, but also an important part of the construction of digital China. On the basis of analyzing the spatial characteristics of Chinese digital villages, we match CHFS database with Digital Rural County Index, and use the threshold regression method to identify the income increase effect of rural households. The results show that: (1) The development of digital villages in China is unbalanced, presenting a decreasing trend from east to middle and west, but there is little difference between the north and the south; (2) The development level of the four sub-dimensions of digital villages is in the descending order of rural digital infrastructure, rural governance digitization, rural economy digitization and rural life digitization, and there is a large east-west difference between rural economy digitization and rural life digitization. At the same time, the total development level of digital villages and each sub-dimension are significantly correlated in space, and the HH and LL clustering characteristics are prominent. (3) Digital villages promote farmers' income through rural digital infrastructure, rural economy digitalization, rural governance digitalization and rural life digitalization, among which the income increase effect of rural economic digitalization is the largest. (4) The income increase effect of rural households is related to the education and income level of rural households, that is, the income increase effect of rural households with higher education is more significant, while that with lower income is not obvious, and even has a restraining effect. In addition, considering the development stage of the digital villages itself and the level of regional economic development, the digital village has a nonlinear impact on the increase of farmers' income.

As a new type of agriculture, urban agriculture is related to the flow of urban-rural food elements and energy conversion, and it has become a new format for coordinating urban-rural integrated development. Based on the perspective of urban-rural integration and the flow of elements, the paper takes the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) as the research area, aiming to explore the process and mechanism of urban agriculture's type differentiation, functional evolution and spatial transformation, and to compare and analyze the logical mechanism between different typical types of urban agriculture. The results show that: (1) The three typical types of urban agriculture in the GBA, namely, community supported agriculture, migrant agriculture and leisure agriculture, have differentiated spatial functions, transformation processes, and spatial effects. (2) Community supported agriculture strengthens ecological functions through ecological planting and breeding, and realizes economic functions through short-chain sales, cooperative production, and live broadcast delivery, which leads to the improvement of space quality and the transformation of urban consumption of space. (3) Migrant agriculture emphasizes the economic function, and the transformation process of its material space is reflected in the non-grainization and concentration of cultivated land and the differentiation of community living space, which in turn brings about group exclusion and spatial isolation in social space. (4) Leisure agriculture emphasizes the social security function and the experience and emotional needs of urban groups, and reflects the differences and imbalances in social development in terms of spatial transformation, which further exacerbates the complexity of social relations and the differentiation of spatial benefits. (5) The functional evolution and spatial transformation of typical types of urban agriculture are affected by the comprehensive effects of multiple subjects such as the market, government, enterprises and individuals, and factors such as urban and rural economy, society, technology and culture have an important impact on the direction and degree of spatial differentiation of urban agriculture, and provide new pathways and new models for urban-rural integration through food, community and industrial linkages.

It has been increasingly recognized that rural life space is playing an important role in the implementation of rural revitalization strategy in China. The imbalance between urban and rural development and insufficient rural development are the prominent manifestations of the main contradictions in society in the new era, and the urban-rural integration development and the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy have intensified the transformation of rural life space. The current rural life space research lacks attention to multiple spaces and mixed subjects, which is not conducive to restoring the transformation characteristics and internal mechanisms of rural life space, and it is difficult to put forward corresponding countermeasures for rural spatial governance. This study aims to propose a research framework for rural life space transformation based on the conceptual model, followed by the transformation characteristics and influencing mechanism of rural life space. The results are as follows: (1) Rural life space is a spatial complexity composed of rural residents' activity space, including housing, working, consuming, and leisure spaces. Based on the three-fold model, rural life space can be divided into three subspaces: physical life space at the macro level, social life space at the meso level, and daily activities space at the micro level. In this respect, the three-fold model features rural life space as multi-level, multilateral, multi-agent spaces. (2) Under the effect of exogenous drivers such as globalization, urbanization, industrialization and marketization and their endogenous response factors of rural areas, government policies, capital, technology, population, culture and other factors are mobilizing drastically between urban and rural areas, giving rise to the transformation of rural life space. Furthermore, we introduced the transformation degree to analyze the coordination relations between physical life space, social life space, and daily activities space, which orients to uncovering the process and spatial pattern of rural life space transformation. (3) For the rural life space transformation mechanism, we propose three aspects, including multi-level spatial conduction, the interaction effects between multilateral spaces, and the hybrid effects from rural agents. The study on the transformation of rural life space with multiple spatial cognition as the starting point will help enrich the theoretical perspective of rural geography in China, and provide scientific reference for the urban-rural integration and rural revitalization.