
The path and mechanism of neo-endogenous rural development from the perspective of symbiosis:A case study of rural operation in Lin'an district, Hangzhou
WU Mao-ying, ZHANG Mei-qi, WANG Long-jie
JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES ›› 2023, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (8) : 2097-2116.
The path and mechanism of neo-endogenous rural development from the perspective of symbiosis:A case study of rural operation in Lin'an district, Hangzhou
Boosting the internal impetus for rural development is key to promoting high-quality rural development and constructing livable, workable, harmonious and beautiful villages. To this end, existing studies call for neo-endogenous rural development through the collaboration of actors within and outside villages. However, most of the studies discuss this issue at the conceptual level, which still needs a systematic framework to provide action guide. Addressing the gap, this study combines the symbiotic theory and neo-endogenous development pattern, and builds a research framework with three dimensions of the symbiotic unit, symbiotic pattern and symbiotic environment. Taking the "Rural Operation" practice in Lin'an district in Hangzhou as the case, this study identifies the path and mechanisms of the symbiosis of multiple actors within and outside villages to realize neo-endogenous rural development. This study finds that: (1) Local forces, social forces and government forces constitute the basic symbiotic units, respectively assuming the roles of endogenous power, localized intermediary and platform constructor. (2) Neo-endogenous rural development is embedded in a multi-scale symbiotic environment of state, market and local spaces. Multiple action logics, including the state administrative logic, market economic logic and local cultural logic, exist in the environment. (3) In terms of the symbiotic pattern, symbiotic units need to build deep and multiple linkages with each other, establish shared values, and construct a governance system with formal and informal institutions, to enable the stability and sustainability of the symbiotic relationship. This study also provides practical implications for boosting the internal impetus for rural development and promoting rural revitalization, from the perspective of symbiotic theory.
symbiosis / neo-endogenous development / rural operation / rural vitalization {{custom_keyword}} /
Table 1 The basic information of the studied villages表1 案例地基本信息 |
H村 | L景区(SM、LS、DS三村组成) | |
---|---|---|
乡村运营签约时间 | 2021年3月 | 2017年9月 |
村落景区特色主题 | “觅径H村,智慧谜宫” | “L秘境” |
村落景区所处阶段 | 初见成效期 | 茁壮发展期 |
村落景区已有业态 | 民宿与农家乐,“一桌菜”餐饮,户外露营地,乡村咖啡馆,养生膳食馆,径山禅米等16个业态 | 民宿农家乐,匠人体验馆(如民俗体验馆、茶馆、麻糍坊等),种植采摘基地(包括高山蔬菜、菊花、野茶等种植基地),农特民俗产品 |
乡村运营团队成员 | 3人组成的运营团队;团队成员拥有建筑设计、旅游规划、民宿经营、商业地产运作等经验 | 由具有多名旅游管理、市场营销策划专业人员的传媒公司担任乡村运营商 |
股份构成情况 | 村集体占20%,运营商占80% | 三村村集体占10%,运营商占90% |
村落景区运营模式 | 采用市场思维与手段,牵头整村性业态规划,系统化产品设计,对外招商引资及多维度日常运营 | 牵头进行整村性、系统化和多维度运营;作为投资商直接参与项目投资、规划与建设 |
注:资料来源于《临安乡村运营资料汇编(第二版)》(2022年)和作者调研走访记录。 |
Table 2 The information of the interviewees表2 访谈者信息 |
编号 | 身份 | 性别 | 时长/分钟 | 访谈重点 |
---|---|---|---|---|
G01 | 临安区文旅局副局长 | 男 | 490 | 1. 开展乡村运营的背景、历程、现状与效果2. 乡村运营的理念与模式设计3. 多元主体参与乡村运营的关系与角色4. 推进乡村运营的未来计划 |
G02 | 临安区文旅局乡村运营工作组成员 | 男 | 270 | |
G03 | H村所属街道负责乡村运营领导 | 女 | 58 | |
G04 | H村所属街道负责乡村运营工作人员 | 女 | 130 | |
O01 | H村运营团队成员(负责运营) | 男 | 190 | 1. 投身乡村运营的背景与原因2. 推进乡村运营的工作内容、实施过程、运营效果与未来计划3. 与其他主体的关系及合作模式4. 对乡村运营模式的理解与评价 |
O02 | H村运营团队成员(负责推广) | 男 | 52 | |
O03 | L景区运营团队负责人 | 女 | 100 | |
O04 | L景区运营团队工作人员 | 女 | 92 | |
C01 | H村村委会书记 | 男 | 55 | 1. 村庄引入乡村运营的背景、历程、现状与 效果2. 参与乡村运营的意向与(若已投身乡村文旅产业)角色定位3. 与其他主体的关系以及对他们的看法4. 对乡村运营的总体理解与评价 |
C02 | H村当地村民、“一桌菜”厨娘 | 女 | C02~C04总计时长115 | |
C03 | H村当地村民、农家乐创业者 | 女 | ||
C04 | H村当地村民、返乡创业青年 | 女 | ||
C05 | L景区当地村民(SM村)、员工 | 女 | C05~C11总计时长187 | |
C06 | L景区当地村民(LS村)、员工 | 女 | ||
C07 | L景区当地村民(SM村)、员工 | 女 | ||
C08 | L景区当地村民(SM村)、员工、前村干部 | 男 | ||
C09 | L景区外乡员工 | 女 | ||
C10 | L景区当地村民(LS村)、兼职员工 | 女 | ||
C11 | L景区当地村民(DS村) | 男 |
注:访谈时长单位为分钟;访谈时间为2022年5月至2023年1月。 |
Fig. 2 The processes of multiple actors' building symbiotic relationship and promoting neo-endogenous development in L destination图2 L景区多主体共生推进新内生式发展过程 |
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乡村振兴是新时期国家重大战略,是一项系统工程。中国地域广阔,资源禀赋和经济发展区域差异显著,乡村振兴路径需要体现乡村发展的综合性、复杂性和区域性。来自乡村地理学领域的16位青年学者,以笔谈方式,对中国乡村振兴的科学路径开展了深入讨论。核心观点如下:(1)乡村振兴需要遵循时空分异规律,重点关注乡村发展的时空传承与现实需求之间的衔接,建立彰显地域特色和具有可操行性的理论和技术体系,分类、有序地推进乡村的人居环境、产业体系、生态环境和治理模式等转型。(2)力求城乡融合和联动,构建城乡复合多中心网络体系,创新采用“乡村群”空间组织模式,以乡村内生力、城镇辐射力与规划约束力共同驱动乡村振兴。(3)在中国“大国小农”的基本国情下,农业承载着食品安全、社会稳定和生态产品等多重功能,需要构建农业“全价值链”的发展路径,促进一二三产业深度融合,助力乡村产业兴旺。(4)在能源富集区,在保障国家能源安全需求前提下,需从根本上解决农村发展不平衡不充分问题;在西南地区,依托山区特色生态、人文资源打造山区现代农业产业体系、重塑乡村旅游新品牌、构筑山水田园乡村家园;在东北地区,乡村振兴应与“东北振兴”战略协同推进,有序分类推进;在长三角地区,应在全面认知乡村工业化到乡村城镇化,再到乡村特色化,到乡村的社会、文化和生态建设的阶段演化特征基础上,寻求差异化的乡村振兴路径;在西北地区,应在生态保护的前提下有效提升乡村“自主脱贫”的能力,实现从“输血”扶贫向“造血”扶贫转变;在京津冀地区,需以城乡基本公共服务均等化为目标,推动城乡融合与乡村振兴;在资源型地区,乡村振兴核心将以一二三产业融合的高效农业体系替代以资源开采为核心的产业体系;在传统农区,优化耕地利用转型同农村劳动力结构变化的耦合格局是实现乡村振兴的关键;在经济发达地区,具有“混杂性”特征的乡村,需激活农村土地资源的资产和资本属性,推进空间有序整合与活化,寻求多主体共同参与和缔造的现代乡村治理模式。
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The rural revitalization, as a national strategy in the new era, puts forward the requirements and goals of the thriving industry, pleasant living environments, social etiquette and civility, effective governance and prosperity. China is a country with a vast territory, marked by regional differences in resource and economic development levels. What's more, rural areas are complex, diverse, and have many problems. Rural revitalization is a systematic project with comprehensive, complex and regional characteristics. Sixteen young scholars in the field of rural geography across the country have conducted in-depth discussions and reflections on the scientific path of rural revitalization in China. The core points are as follows: (1) In accordance with the law of time-space distribution, we should fully understand the connection between the historical basis of rural development and the practical needs, establish a theoretical and technical system that highlights regional characteristics and has operability, and promote the transformation of rural residential environment, industrial system and governance mode in a classified and orderly manner. (2) Rural revitalization strives for the integration between urban and rural areas to build a compound multi-center network system, which breaks through the village and town systems of traditional linear "central place", and innovate the spatial organization mode of "village cluster". Rural endogenous force, urban radiation force and planning binding force jointly drive rural revitalization. (3) The agriculture has multiple functions such as food safety, social stability, and ecological products. Its development needs to create the whole value chain of agriculture to promote the integration of primary, secondary and tertiary industries. (4) In energy-rich areas, we should fundamentally solve the problem of unbalanced and inadequate rural development under the premise of ensuring the national energy security demand. In Southwest China, we should take advantage of ecology and human resources to build a modern agricultural industry system, remodel the brand of rural tourism, and build landscape rural homes. In Northeast China, rural revitalization must proceed in an orderly and classified way in the process of synergistic promotion of the "northeast revitalization" strategy. In the Yangtze River Delta region, it is necessary to cognize the evolutionary stages from rural industrialization to rural urbanization, and then to rural characteristics with more and more emphasis on the social, cultural and ecological construction of rural areas, seeking a scientific path of rural revitalization. In Northwest China, we propose to effectively improve the ability of "independent poverty alleviation" in rural areas under the premise of ecological protection, and realize the transformation from "transfusing blood" to "producing blood". In the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, oriented by equalization of basic public services in urban and rural areas, we will promote the development of urban-rural integration and rural revitalization. In resource-oriented areas, rural industries will replace the industrial system formed around resource exploitation with an efficient agricultural system integrating primary, secondary and tertiary industries. In traditional agricultural areas, it is necessary to optimize the coupling pattern between farmland use transformation and rural labor structure change, which is an important means to achieve rural revitalization. In economically developed areas, villages with "mixed" characteristics need to activate the assets and capital attributes of rural land resources, promote the integration and activation of spatial order, and comprehensively explore the modern rural governance mode with the participation of multiple subjects. {{custom_citation.content}}
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在多功能转型背景下,乡村旅游地正成为利益主体直接对话和冲突的场所,土地利用方式和利益相关者之间的供需矛盾日益凸显。本文构建了乡村旅游地利益主体多功能空间认知“冲突—协调”理论研究框架和内在关联机制,以黄山风景区山岔村为案例地,通过密度制图和冲突倾向模型识别利益主体多功能空间潜在认知冲突点,采用扎根理论和DEMATEL法分析多功能诉求的协调发展状态。结果表明:① 农业、人居保障功能集中于居民点附近,经济、旅游休闲功能集中于景区,生态功能遍布村域,呈现山区耕作半径制约性、交通区位导向性、环景区产业布局、“三生”空间认知叠合等特征。② 总体态度差异指数(OPD)高值区分布上,农业功能分布取决于农业生产条件和居民点人口密度,经济功能呈现出景区发展程度对周边经济溢出效应存在明显分异特征,人居保障功能分布受居民点交通区位条件影响,生态功能在空间上毗邻黄山风景区,旅游休闲功能分布受旅游资源禀赋影响。③ 在冲突点方面,由于利益主体对山区农业的生产布局、设施保障、产出效益认知差异,农业功能冲突集中在耕地和园地;山区产业用地管控、建设用地紧缺、旅游收益分红认知差异,造成了经济功能集中在旅游和非旅游商服用地;人居保障功能集中在农村宅基地、服务设施和水域,由基础设施配置、人居生活品质和乡村空间商品化程度认知差异造成;因环境规制、生态保护和生态效益认知差异,生态功能集中于水域、林地和部分农业用地;旅游休闲功能集中在景区景点、旅游道路,由旅游的开发方式、交通可达性、收益认知差异造成。④ 在协调发展状态方面,人居保障功能整体协调状态较好,居民农业产销、居民利益与企业分红诉求、企业环境质量诉求是影响农业、经济、生态功能协调发展的主导因素,政府和企业对旅游市场、居民对旅游效益诉求是影响旅游休闲功能的主导因素。以满足利益主体诉求为出发点,构建了利益主体多功能空间认知冲突协调机制和路径。
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Rural tourism destinations are becoming places where stakeholders encounter dialogue and conflict amid a multifunctional transformation underway in rural areas. The land-use conflict has increasingly become a prominent issue since stakeholders have different demands. This paper constructs a conflict-coordination theoretical research framework and internal correlation mechanism concerning stakeholders' cognition of multifunctional spaces in rural tourism destinations. Taking Shancha Village as the case study, the paper identifies the potential points of conflict utilizing density mapping and different models for responding to conflict situations. The coordination among different multifunctional demands was analyzed based on the Grounded Theory and the DEMATEL method. The findings are as follows. First, rural residential areas perform agricultural and living functions. The village's five major scenic spots have economic, travel and leisure functions, while the whole village plays an ecological role and function. The agriculture of this village is restricted within a certain radius. Place-based transportation and an industrial layout around the scenic area are characteristics. Furthermore, there is an overlap in production-living-ecological spatial cognition. Second, the distribution of high values areas in the Overall Preference Difference (OPD) shows that the agricultural function distribution depends on agricultural production conditions and the population density of settlements. As for economic function, the economic spillover effect of scenic spot development is differentiated at different levels of development. Moreover, transportation in residential areas influences the distribution of the living function. Spatially, the ecological function is mainly distributed in the Huangshan Scenic Area, and tourism resources constrain the distribution of travel and leisure functions. Third, regarding conflict points, agricultural function conflicts are concentrated on arable land and garden plots due to differences in the awareness of production layout, facilities and economic benefits in mountainous areas. Economic functions are concentrated on land for commercial services, whether or not for tourism purposes, caused by differences in cognition of industrial land management, construction land scarcity and tourism revenue and dividends. Furthermore, the difference in awareness of infrastructure allocation, quality of living conditions and commodification of rural spaces leads to the distribution of living functions in rural homesteads, regions equipped with service facilities and water regions. Moreover, due to the gap in the cognition of environmental regulation, ecological conservation and ecological benefits, ecological functions are concentrated in water, woodlands and some agricultural land. In addition, ravel and leisure functions are distributed in scenic spots and tourist roads due to differences in the cognition of development methods, transportation accessibility and tourism revenue. Fourth, in terms of coordination between multifunctional demands, living functions are witnessing overall coordinated development. Residents' interests, agricultural production and sales, and the demands of enterprises for dividends and a better ecological environment are the leading factors affecting the coordinated development of agricultural, economic and ecological functions. Demand by government and enterprises for a tourism market and residents' need for tourism revenue have become the dominant factors that affect travel and leisure functions. Hence, the conflict-coordination mechanism and path of multifunctional spatial cognitive conflict are constructed, satisfying stakeholders' demands as a starting point. {{custom_citation.content}}
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吴茂英, 王怡, 李秋成. 乡村文旅小微企业助力乡村振兴的多重效应. 旅游学刊, 2021, 36(4): 5-7.
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张环宙, 黄超超, 周永广. 内生式发展模式研究综述. 浙江大学学报: 人文社会科学版, 2007, 37(2): 61-68.
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王彩彩, 袭威, 徐虹, 等. 乡村旅游开发促进共同富裕的机制与路径: 基于共生视角的分析. 自然资源学报, 2023, 38(2): 335-356.
乡村旅游在发展乡村经济、实现乡村转型、促进人民致富中发挥重要作用,是全面促进农村繁荣与共同富裕的有效途径。以陕西省袁家村为案例地,根据共生理论,采用单案例研究方法,通过结构化数据分析构建乡村旅游开发促进共同富裕的机制和路径。研究结果表明:(1)乡村旅游共生系统包含旅游共生单元、旅游共生模式及旅游共生环境,在旅游开发促进共同富裕的进程中呈现动态演进特征。(2)旅游开发促进共同富裕的运行机制及内涵维度呈现阶段性特点。旅游共生单元借助共生环境,进行共生能量创造,产生共生作用,引致共生能量分配、共生能量传染,最终促进共生效应。(3)旅游开发促进共同富裕实现路径体现了旅游共生系统的共建共创共享。袁家村始终是在基层党组织领导下,通过广泛吸纳旅游经营人才、推进旅游产业升级转型、实行农民股份制运营,促进共同富裕。研究结论对乡村旅游高质量发展及共同富裕目标实现具有积极的实践意义。
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胡海, 庄天慧. 共生理论视域下农村产业融合发展: 共生机制、现实困境与推进策略. 农业经济问题, 2020, (8): 68-76.
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陆相林, 孙中伟, 马世猛. 京津冀区域城市旅游共生关系分析与协同发展对策. 经济地理, 2016, 36(4): 181-187.
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卢珊, 蔡莉, 詹天悦, 等. 组织间共生关系: 研究述评与展望. 外国经济与管理, 2021, 43(10): 68-84.
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彭淑贞, 吕臣. 共生理论嵌入乡村旅游生态系统创新研究. 科研管理, 2020, 41(12): 60-69.
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龙花楼, 屠爽爽. 论乡村重构. 地理学报, 2017, 72(4): 563-576.
快速城镇化进程驱动中国乡村地域发生巨大变化。乡村重构,即为适应乡村内部要素和外部调控的变化,通过优化配置和有效管理影响乡村发展的物质和非物质要素,重构乡村社会经济形态和优化地域空间格局,以实现乡村地域系统内部结构优化、功能提升以及城乡地域系统之间结构协调、功能互补的过程。本文在界定乡村重构的概念内涵,构建基于“要素—结构—功能”演变助推乡村重构的理论框架基础上,从空间重构、经济重构、社会重构视角探讨了乡村重构的实现路径,并着眼于服务当前国家重大战略需求和解决城乡转型发展进程中乡村地域系统面临的现实困境,提出了未来中国乡村重构研究需重点关注的内容。最后,就现有旨在促进乡村社会经济发展的重大引导性战略和政府干预性政策及其在实践操作中引发的一系列问题,展开批判性分析和讨论。
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刘彦随. 中国乡村振兴规划的基础理论与方法论. 地理学报, 2020, 75(6): 1120-1133.
农业农村现代化是实施乡村振兴战略的总目标,科学编制乡村振兴规划事关国家乡村振兴战略的推进及实施成效。《全国乡村振兴战略规划(2018—2022)》提出以来,如何建立符合中国乡村发展基本特点与规律的乡村振兴规划基础理论,研制县域乡村振兴规划方法与方案,成为当前学术研究及政府决策的重要课题和重点任务。基于乡村地域多体系统理论,构建了乡村振兴规划理论模式,提出了“三主三分”乡村振兴规划方法。“三主三分”的基本原理是依据特定区域乡村地域系统结构与格局,进行地域系统主体功能分区、主导类型分类、主要用途分级,确立乡村振兴规划空间体系及其优化调整方案。该体系运用于宁夏回族自治区盐池县乡村振兴总体规划,制定了坚持生态优先、因地制宜、产业支撑、城乡融合的乡村振兴规划原则,提出应重点发展乡村专业合作组织和村镇混合制经济,加快建设以滩羊、黄花、小杂粮产业化为特色、生态文化旅游智慧化为亮点的优势产业体系;在空间上突出中心城镇地位,形成以县城和3个重点镇为中心、“三产”融合发展的村镇有机体、居业协同体。本研究是对创建中国乡村振兴规划体系的有益尝试,可为全国县级乡村振兴规划与乡村发展决策提供参考依据。
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Agricultural and rural modernization is the general goal of the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy. The scientific formulation of the rural revitalization planning is related to the implementation effect of the national rural revitalization strategy. How to establish the basic theory of rural revitalization and develop the methods of rural revitalization planning have become important tasks of academic research and government decision-making. This paper constructed the theoretical model and method system of rural revitalization planning, tried to carry out the main function-oriented zoning, dominant type classification and principal purpose classification of rural regional system, and established the spatial system of rural revitalization planning and its optimal adjustment scheme. This system was applied to the overall rural revitalization planning in Yanchi County of Ningxia. By establishing the principle of rural revitalization planning that sticks to ecological priority, adaptation to local condition, industrial support and urban-rural integration, it put forward that the priority should be given to the development of rural professional cooperation organizations and the mixed economy of villages and towns, and the acceleration of the construction of advantageous industrial system characterized by the industrialization of tan-sheep, day lily, and minor cereals, and highlighted by the wisdom of eco-cultural tourism. Moreover, it was encouraged to give prominence to the position of the central town in space, and form the village organism and housing industry coordination body with the county seat and three key towns as the center of integrated industry development. The typical case study of Yanchi County has shown that the main contents and technical points of rural revitalization planning were embodied in the following four aspects: (1) determining the overall orientation of rural revitalization planning, and clarifying the phased development mode, key areas; (2) developing the county area based on the main function-oriented zoning, leading type classification and main purpose classification system, and exploring the territorial pattern and differentiation rules; (3) establishing the county development mode and industrial system, formulating coordination schemes of different main function-oriented zones, and revealing the spatial configuration and structural relationship of different dominant types; (4) exploring the local association and hierarchical system of each dominant type in its scale and level. The main task of implementing the rural revitalization planning is to promote the formation of a new pattern of urban-rural development with factors gathering, reasonable structure and orderly space in accordance with the objective requirements of "industrial prosperity, ecological livability, rural civilization, effective governance and prosperous life". China is facing great differences in rural development and many problems in transformation. Regional disparities and urban-rural differences determine the complexity, diversity and differences of rural governance and rural revitalization planning. China's rural transformation-urban and rural integration-rural revitalization-high quality development will become the major development logic and new normal in the future. The research on rural revitalization planning in the new era should focus on the overall situation of regional coordination and urban-rural integration, and solve the practical problems of "rural disease", so as to serve the national rural revitalization planning and scientific decision-making. {{custom_citation.content}}
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陆林, 任以胜, 朱道才, 等. 乡村旅游引导乡村振兴的研究框架与展望. 地理研究, 2019, 38(1): 102-118.
中国特色社会主义进入新时代,城乡发展不平衡、乡村发展不充分等问题日益突出,实施乡村振兴战略是解决人民日益增长的美好生活需要和不平衡不充分的发展之间矛盾的必然要求。发展乡村旅游能够有力地契合和服务新时代国家发展战略,促进农业提质增效、农民增收致富、农村繁荣稳定,加快统筹城乡融合发展步伐,是实现乡村振兴的重要途径。系统梳理国内外乡村旅游引导乡村振兴的相关研究成果,针对内容深度相对薄弱、功能拓展比较泛化、时代特征不够显著等问题,把握新时代乡村旅游发展的新特点、新使命、新要求,充分考虑中国是一个发展中的经济大国、人口大国、农业大国的基本国情,构建了融合地理学、旅游学、经济学、社会学、管理学等相关学科理论的新时代中国乡村旅游引导乡村振兴的研究框架,归纳了乡村旅游引导乡村振兴的五个重点研究内容,即乡村旅游引导乡村振兴的学理和逻辑机理研究、乡村旅游引导乡村经济振兴的路径研究、乡村旅游引导乡村生态宜居的路径研究、乡村旅游引导乡村治理体系重构的路径研究、乡村旅游引导乡村振兴的政策体系研究。五个重点研究内容包括理论层面、实践层面和保障层面,在相互联系、相互影响、相互作用中共同促进城乡融合发展,实现乡村振兴的科学、持续、健康发展。掌握和运用科学的方法论,汲取科学方法论的智慧和营养,构建多方法综合集成的方法体系,确保数据采集的真实性和数据处理的科学性,是新时代乡村旅游引导乡村振兴研究的关键。
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Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered the new era. Problems such as unbalanced development between urban and rural and inadequate development in rural areas have become increasingly prominent. The implementation of the rural revitalization strategy is an inevitable requirement for resolving the contradictions between unbalanced and inadequate development and the people's ever-growing needs for a better life. With the rapid advancement of new industrialization and new urbanization, China's rural tourism has entered the era of big tourism instead of small and medium tourism. The development of rural tourism can effectively pursue the development strategy of the country in the new era, promote agricultural quality and efficiency, increase farmers' income, make the countryside prosperous and stable, and speed up the development of urban-rural integration. Therefore, it is an important way to realizing rural revitalization. This paper has reviewed the related research on rural revitalization led by rural tourism at home and abroad. In addition, it has grasped the new characteristics, new missions and new requirements of rural tourism development in the new era. Considering the basic situation of China as a developing economic power, and a large agricultural country with a large population, this paper has constructed a research framework of rural revitalization led by rural tourism in China in the new era, which integrates theories of geography, tourism, economics, sociology, management and other related disciplines. It has summarized the five key research contents of rural revitalization led by rural tourism, which contains study on theory and logic mechanism of rural revitalization led by rural tourism, study on the path of rural economy revitalization led by rural tourism, study on the path of rural ecological livability led by rural tourism, study on the path of reconstruction of rural governance system led by rural tourism and study on the policy system of rural revitalization led by rural tourism. The five key research contents cover the theoretical, practical and safeguard aspects, promote the development of urban-rural integration through interconnection, mutual influence and interaction, and ultimately realize the scientific, sustained, and healthy development of the rural revitalization strategy. In the new era, the key of rural revitalization led by rural tourism is to master and apply scientific methodology, to learn the wisdom and nutrition of scientific methodology, to construct a method system for multi-method comprehensive integration, and to ensure the authenticity of data collection and the scientificalness of data processing. {{custom_citation.content}}
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魏超, 戈大专, 龙花楼, 等. 大城市边缘区旅游开发引导的乡村转型发展模式: 以武汉市为例. 经济地理, 2018, 38(10): 211-217.
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孙九霞, 张凌媛, 罗意林. 共同富裕目标下中国乡村旅游资源开发: 现状、问题与发展路径. 自然资源学报, 2023, 38(2): 318-334.
在新的时代使命下,以共同富裕目标指导乡村旅游资源开发,具有提升资源价值和推进全面乡村振兴的双重意义。按照“乡村旅游资源开发—实现农村农民的共同富裕—实现人民的物质与精神生活富裕”的递进逻辑,识别乡村旅游资源开发与共同富裕的内在联系,厘清实现共同富裕目标的现实困境与现存差距。研究发现:当前以乡土特色资源为导向的传统乡村旅游地和以高标准服务为导向的现代旅游地,都在适应市场转型的过程中积极挖掘优势资源,完善配套设施,资源的开发主体多元合作、开发方式渐趋成熟。乡村旅游在助力减贫、促进社会公平和满足精神文化需求方面的突出贡献,充分契合共同富裕的实现进程。然而,乡村旅游资源开发与共同富裕目标仍存在较大差距,不同地域与不同群体在乡村旅游资源开发的效率、水平、能力存在多重差距,以至于在推动农村农民共同富裕、满足人民群众美好生活需求上不广泛不深入不彻底。基于此,围绕“乡村旅游高质量发展、城乡融合发展、人的全面发展”三个面向,构建乡村旅游资源“有效开发、协同开发、可持续开发”的创新路径,以推动中国乡村旅游产业的高质量转型发展,助力实现共同富裕。
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徐凤增, 袭威, 徐月华. 乡村走向共同富裕过程中的治理机制及其作用: 一项双案例研究. 管理世界, 2021, 37(12): 134-151, 196, 152.
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在全球化、城市化、工业化和信息化的多重影响下,乡村地域空间普遍经历空间重构过程。着眼于互联网经济驱动下的乡村重构内在机制剖析,本文选择珠三角地区淘宝交易活跃度居全国之首的淘宝村——广州市番禺区里仁洞村为典型案例,通过半结构式访谈,以行动者网络理论为分析框架,剖析珠三角大都市地区典型淘宝村重构过程及其内在逻辑机制。研究表明:地方政府、制衣作坊、村委会、电商创业能人、同乡社会网络等关键行动者依其目标愿景和行动逻辑参与村里土地价值的追逐和获取实现,共同演进和建构起淘宝村产业阶段性演替和空间价值积累的行动者网络过程,其历经政府主导的农业去中心化阶段、市场主导的工业化阶段,以及同乡社会网络主导的电子商务化阶段。政府主体、市场主体和社会主体构成核心驱动力,通过利益赋予联结到一起,依据政治逻辑、市场逻辑和精英逻辑推动乡村空间重构实践,重构结果引发空间社会关系的变化,触动动力机制的转变,并通过空间的重新塑造和价值改变来实现,从外源动力主导向内生发展动力转变,带来新一轮空间重构过程。
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Owing to the multiple influences of globalization, urbanization, industrialization, and informatization, rural regional space has experienced the process of reconstruction. Focusing on the analysis of the internal mechanism of rural reconstruction driven by the internet economy, this study selected Lirendong Village in Panyu District of Guangzhou, the most active Taobao trading village in the Pearl River Delta, as a typical case. We had an in-depth analysis of the process and internal mechanism of the reconstruction of typical Taobao villages in the Pearl River Delta metropolitan area through semi-structured interviews and the actor-network theory analysis framework. The study demonstrated that the key actors, such as local government, clothing workshop, village committee, e-commerce entrepreneurs, and social networks of fellow villagers, participate in the pursuit and realization of land value in the village according to their goal vision and action logic. Furthermore, these actors jointly evolve and construct the actor-network process of periodic industrial succession and spatial value accumulation in Taobao villages. The process has gone through the stage of agricultural decentralization led by the government, the industrialization stage dominated by the market, and the stage of e-commerce dominated by the social network of fellow towns people. Government subject, market subject, and social subject constitute the core driving force. They are linked together by providing benefits, and rural reconstruction practice is carried out according to the political, market, and elite logic. The reconstruction results in the change in spatial-social relations related to the changes in the dynamic mechanism. The reconstruction is realized through the reshaping of space and the change of value, from exogenous driving force leading to endogenous driving force exhibition, thus initiating a new cycle of the space reconstruction process. {{custom_citation.content}}
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