The purpose of this study is to put forward the regulation innovation logic and path based on practices of territory space use conversion permits in China. The territory space use conversion permits include permits of resources allocation and permits of risk control. The problems and challenges of the territory space use conversion permits include: unclear setting of the permit conditions, incomplete legislative integration and incomplete supervision of permit procedures. The Chinese government should standardize laws, optimize procedures, and diversify mechanisms for territory space use conversion permits. These approaches are inevitable innovative logic for protecting the common interests of natural resource owners, implementing protection, restoration and management systematically, and improving the governance ability of territory space use conversion permits. This study suggests that the government innovation permits regulation should focus on four directions: enriching basic conditions of territory space use conversion permits, paying attention to connection of key process procedures, innovating tools of permits, and optimizing authority and responsibility for administrative review and decisions.

The territorial space use regulation system is a crucial point and specific practice for the Chinese government to promote the modernization of territorial space governance system and governance capacity. Based on the theoretical framework of the construction of the territorial space use regulation system, this paper follows the dual guidance of institutional evolution and the needs of the times to explore the feasible path of territorial space use regulation system construction. The results show that: (1) The territorial space use regulation is a compound movement process of territorial resource allocation and regulation power operation. The lag of planning technology and the obstruction of regulation system will lead to the failure of space regulation. (2) The changes of China's territorial space use regulation system reflect the evolutionary law of the natural resource management system with Chinese characteristics. (3) The territorial space use regulation still faces difficulties such as the coordination of regulation subjects and the optimization of regulation systems. (4) The goal orientation of the construction of territorial space use regulation system should meet two needs, balance two sets of goals and coordinate the two pairs of relationships. (5) The construction of territorial space use regulation system should be carried out from the aspects of regulation power, regulation system and operational mechanism. In conclusion, the construction of territorial space use regulation system needs to adhere to the correct goal orientation, and take into account physical regulation and power regulation, as well as static systems and dynamic mechanisms.

How to achieve synergistic decision-making in Main Function Zoning constraints and regional development becomes a prerequisite for determining whether China's space governance strategy is effective. To demonstrate the synergetic logic between Main Function Zoning constraints and regional development, we first design a cyclic operation mode of "social system-political system-Main Function Zoning-economic system-innovation system" in this work. Second, we notice that the "maximum load" principle of resource and environmental carrying capacity serves as the foundation for Main Function Zoning classification. As a result of this methodology, we examine the early warning mechanism between Main Function Zoning constraints and regional development. Third, we deconstruct the synergetic decision-making mode of Main Function Zoning constraints and regional development into four types: "protection-surplus" "protection-overload" "development-surplus" and "development-overload". Finally, Beijing was chosen as the research sample because it is a typical preferred development zone with a tight human-land relationship. Some conclusions can be drawn as follows: (1) there are two stages for the synergistic interaction between regional growth in Beijing and Main Function Zoning restrictions. Beijing amassed enough wealth to exchange resources with other regions from 2008 to 2015, but its capacity for transformation falls short of the "optimization target" of Beijing's Main Function Zoning. From 2016 to 2020, Main Function Zoning constraints optimized Beijing's spatial production through social participation, government governance and technological advancement, thus impacting the direction of regional development. (2) The behavioral strategy of regional growth that triggers the Main Function Zoning warning at the factor scale includes urban land use, population size, energy and water resources, air pollution and solid waste management, and soil erosion management. In particular, the detrimental effects of excessive socioeconomic activity almost resulted in an irreversible overloading of the environmental system from 2008 to 2015. From 2016 to 2020, The key factors for regional development triggering the warning of Main Function Zoning restrictions are the scarcity of water, land, and energy. Furthermore, this conflict can worsen if the current rate of spatial production growth is maintained from 2021 to 2026. (3) Given to its synergistic state, a cross-decision model is suitable for Beijing. Specifically, the Main Function Zoning constraints limit the possibilities for regional development and force the city to turn into a "resource-efficient society", making it harder to fully access important development aspects. Regional growth should be given priority in the future by taking into account the potential to change Main Function Zoning restrictions. Meanwhile, those binding metrics that are necessary to achieve the "optimization target", such as ecological frangibility, ecological significance and natural disaster risk, must be subdivided into components that are connected to the regional development's behavioral approach. For the new pattern of land and space development in China, we think the results presented above can serve as a useful action guide.

In an information society, the intensification of flowing space leads to spatial compression and activation, accelerating the restructuring of economic and social spaces. Regional spaces have become a complex amalgamation of "flowing space" and "regional space", prompting the updating and upgrading of modern theories on regional functionality. Drawing upon theories such as the human-sea relationship regional system, location theory, and geographic nature, and focusing on the scientificity of regional evaluation, the objectivity of factor mobility, and the reality of land-sea coordination, this study proposes a theory and model for identifying the regional functionality of coastal land-space. (1) Based on the new concept of "adaptive land use according to local conditions", and considering the inherent characteristics of land-sea element circulation in coastal areas, a theory for identifying the regional functionality of coastal land-space is proposed. The essence of coastal regional development lies in the optimization and adjustment of the human-land relationship regional system. It is necessary to not only adhere to the suitability of geographical space but also achieve adaptability to the geographic environment. Only by combining the static regional endowment with dynamic factor mobility can the optimal allocation of human-land (sea) relationships within the system be achieved. (2) Based on the concepts of "spatial suitability" and "environmental adaptability", a "new spatial equilibrium model" for land-space utilization is constructed, with environmental adaptability serving as an important supplement to the identification of the regional functionality of coastal land-space. The focus is on the active adaptation process of human activities triggered by the circulation, aggregation, and diffusion of mobile factors between regions and between land and sea. This enhances the fluidity characteristics of identifying regional functionality in coastal areas. (3) In view of the practical difficulties faced by the spatial planning of coastal areas in terms of zoning theory, technology and data support, based on the principle of land and sea integration, through the scenario matrix analysis of the contradiction between land and sea space utilization, the four modes of land and sea integration are refined, and the technical scheme of matching land and sea elements and spatial optimization between administrative units and grid space is discussed.

Low-carbon development of territorial space provides the basis for realizing the strategic goal of the carbon peak and the carbon neutrality. The city region is a key regional unit with dual attributes of target transmission and strategy implementation in territorial space. It is of great significance to promote the realization of the "dual carbon" goal and to reveal the level of carbon emissions and spatial difference of low-carbon development efficiency of territorial spatial in cities for shaping the low-carbon sustainable territorial spatial pattern. This study explored the methodological system for measuring carbon emissions in territorial space, analyzed the characteristics of spatial differences in the efficiency of low-carbon development in city territorial space from economic, social and ecological dimensions based on the measurement results, further proposed a spatial governance-oriented optimization strategy, and finally conducted an empirical analysis using Suzhou city as an example. The results showed that: (1) The built carbon emission measurement method and low-carbonization development model of city territorial space can effectively measure the carbon emission characteristics of Suzhou city and its spatial differences in low-carbonization development efficiency. (2) The total carbon emissions in Suzhou in 2020 were 238 million tons, and the high-value parcels of carbon emissions were concentrated in various industrial agglomerations, while the low-value parcels were dispersedly distributed in the rural areas and the main areas of various carbon sinks. The development efficiency of territorial spatial low-carbonization varied significantly at different scales, mainly reflecting regional differences at the county and district scales and urban-rural differences at the township scale. Meanwhile, regions with relatively high levels of economic and social development had higher economic and social low-carbonization development efficiency, but ecological low-carbonization development efficiency was often lower. (3) According to the different spatial types of districts and townships, this paper promotes the transformation of green development of economy and society, bringing into play the role of territorial spatial planning in emission reduction and carbon sequestration, and building a composite and coordinated, low-carbon and sustainable territorial spatial pattern.

Mixed land use in urban built-up areas is important for promoting intensive use of urban land and improving the level of land spatial governance. This paper takes seven districts and counties in Fuzhou as the study area and uses multi-source data to extract the built-up area of this city. Based on POI data and natural language processing technology (BERT model), a mixed pattern extraction method (MixedFunc2Vec) that takes into account the semantics of urban mixed functions is constructed at the block scale, and the study of mixed land use in urban built-up areas is carried out from two dimensions of mixed functions and structures of land use. The results show that: (1) MixedFunc2Vec method solves the problem of "multiple meanings of words" in traditional city function semantic extraction, captures richer semantic information of POI, and extracts six types of mixed function patterns. (2) In the built-up area of Fuzhou, mode 6 (residential + public services + green space) has the richest land use structural diversity, while mode 5, which is dominated by various industries, is at the lowest diversity level and shows a cluster development trend of multi-location and multi-center. (3) In terms of structural compatibility, there are about 1803 blocks in the built-up area with a compatibility index of 0.7 or more. The average compatibility index of mode 1 (residential + commercial services) and mode 6 (residential + public services + green space) are both 0.8525, except for the industrial function-oriented areas and their surrounding areas, which still have room for improvement. (4) Based on the measurement results of structural diversity and compatibility, the blocks in the built-up area of Fuzhou can be divided into four types, including high-high, high-low, low-high, and low-low patterns, and suggestions are made to adjust the blocks based on different mixed functional patterns. This study can provide some scientific basis for enriching the existing theoretical and methodological system of mixed land use, urban spatial pattern optimization and territorial spatial planning policy formulation.

At present, the urban renewal action of Wuhan has changed from large-scale demolition and construction to the era of "retaining, replacing and dismantling". The transformation mode has also changed from local transformation to continuous renewal. In the current era, it is particularly important to identify urban "retained, replaced and demolished" units intelligently. Recently, the combination of AI and remote sensing has been widely used for the identification of typical surface features of natural resources, cultivated land protection, and law enforcement supervision. In this paper, we combine AI and remote sensing to identify "retention, reconstruction and demolition" units. First, we establish training samples of the "retention, replacement and demolition" unit, then use the deep learning network to establish the artificial intelligent model, and finally select the remote sensing data to carry out the identification of "retention, replacement and demolition" unit in Wuhan. The integration of remote sensing and deep learning improves work efficiency of the identification of "retaining, replacing and dismantling" units, and provides scientific basis for solving the pain points in urban renewal.

The purposes of this study are to explore the zoning of grain production regions based on systematic conservation planning method, to analyze the encroachment of urban agglomeration expansion on high-quality farmland under the two scenarios of coordinated development and independent development of cities within the urban agglomeration, and to provide reference for regional grain production functional area identification, resource allocation optimization and spatial layout planning. The research methods are as follows. Based on the urban flow theory and PLUS model, the expansion of Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration in 2030 under the two development scenarios is simulated and predicted. Based on the concept of system conservation, the functional areas and reserve areas of grain production are identified, and the encroachment of different expansion results on grain production regions is analyzed. The results indicate that: (1) The simulation results of urban agglomeration expansion under the scenario of coordinated development of various cities in the Pearl River Delta are more consistent with the actual development trend. (2) Based on the concept of systematic conservation planning, the farmland in the study area is divided into functional areas for grain production, reserve areas for grain production, and other areas. (3) Compared with the independent development scenario, the expansion of urban agglomeration based on urban interaction will encroach less grain production functional areas and grain production reserve areas. In conclusion, the zoning method of grain production functional regions can coordinate the multiple goals of socio-economic development, farmland protection and food security, and can provide suggestions and basis for optimizing the development and protection pattern of territory space under the background of urban regionalization.

Clarifying the relationship between People-Land-Industry is the theoretical basis for revealing the regional heterogeneity of land spatial pattern evolution. On the basis of discussing the influence mechanism of the Trade-Economy-Population system on the regional differences in the spatial evolution of the border areas, this paper applies the geo-transfer map and the standard deviation ellipse model to analyze the spatial evolution of Urban-Agricultural-Ecological space, and uses the Theil index model to measure the impact of trade, economic and population factors on the regional differences. The results show that: (1) There was a sequential difference in the change speed of territorial space pattern in the China-Vietnam border zone, which first slowed down and then accelerated. The change speed of Guangxi section showed the a 'U-type' evolution characteristic of decreasing first and then increasing, while the change speed of Yunnan section showed a 'V-type' change process of sharply falling to the bottom and then accelerating to rise. (2) The evolution of territorial space pattern in the China-Vietnam border zone responded to the localized differences in the regional development system. The agricultural and ecological spaces in border areas were frequently converted into urban space, and the conflict between agricultural and ecological space in the non-border areas was expedited. (3) The evolution of territorial space pattern in the China-Vietnam border zone was spatialized, which was acute in the northwest and slow in the southeast. The center of gravity of urban and agricultural space moved west to north, while the center of gravity of ecological space moved from southeast to northwest. The evolution intensity of territorial space pattern in Yunnan section was higher than that in Guangxi section. (4) The effect of Trade-Economy-Population system on the regional differences in territorial spatial evolution gradually weakened, and the disturbance degree of trade subsystem on territorial space pattern evolution was higher than that of economic and population subsystem. Border trade, economic development and population distribution shape the temporal, local and spatial pattern of border areas. Regulating the impact of border trade on territorial space is an important measure to alleviate spatial conflicts in border areas.