JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES >
Regional disparity in green transformation performance of resource-based cities and its policy enlightenment
Received date: 2023-03-13
Revised date: 2023-08-17
Online published: 2023-12-12
This paper adopts the method of data envelopment analysis to measure the green transformation performance of resource-based cities within major national strategic regions; utilizes Dagum Gini coefficient and variance decomposition to explore the sources of regional disparities in the green transformation performance of resource-based cities in terms of spatial and structural differences; and applies the σ and β convergences to test whether there are convergence characteristics in the green transformation performance of resource-based cities within major strategic regions. The research found that: (1) Throughout the sample period, the green transformation performance of resource-based cities in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) is higher than that of the Yellow River Basin (YRB), the Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB), the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) and Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region (BTH). (2) From the spatial dimension, super variable density is the main source of regional gaps in green transformation performance of resource-based cities in major strategic regions. (3) From the technical structure dimension, the gap in pure technical efficiency is the main reason for the formation of regional gaps in the green transformation performance of resource-based cities in the BTH, the YRD and the YRB, while the main reasons for the formation of regional gaps in the GBA and the YREB derive from the gaps in pure technological advancement and scale efficiency. (4) From the factor structure dimension, the gap in the energy utilization productivity is the main reason for the formation of regional gaps in green transformation performance of resource-based cities in the GBA, while other regions mainly come from the gap in pollution control productivity. (5) From the results of the convergence test, there are absolute club convergence and conditional club convergence in the green transformation performance of resource-based cities within major strategic regions.
WANG Jue , LI Lin . Regional disparity in green transformation performance of resource-based cities and its policy enlightenment[J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2023 , 38(12) : 3041 -3057 . DOI: 10.31497/zrzyxb.20231207
表1 变量描述性统计Table 1 Descriptive statistics of variables |
区域 | 年均增长率 | 所占份额 | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
L | K | E | Y | FS | SO2 | PM2.5 | FS | SO2 | PM2.5 | ||
京津冀 | 0.426 | 20.264 | 4.898 | 8.271 | -6.224 | -8.902 | -1.903 | 0.107 | 0.113 | 0.073 | |
长三角 | 2.444 | 18.948 | 5.905 | 10.686 | -2.302 | -7.143 | -1.313 | 14.877 | 7.995 | 16.125 | |
长江经济带 | 1.959 | 19.749 | 5.156 | 11.039 | -4.219 | -5.048 | -1.624 | 24.218 | 21.626 | 25.621 | |
黄河流域 | 1.268 | 18.398 | 5.142 | 9.953 | -1.778 | -8.856 | -1.462 | 47.097 | 57.846 | 49.135 | |
粤港澳 | 1.326 | 15.384 | 4.282 | 10.025 | -2.656 | -9.730 | -1.627 | 3.073 | 1.279 | 1.857 |
表2 2004—2019年重大战略区域资源型城市绿色转型绩效的地区间差距Table 2 Inter-regional disparities in the green transformation performance of resource-based cities in major strategic regions during 2004-2019 |
年份 | ①-② | ①-③ | ①-④ | ①-⑤ | ②-③ | ②-④ | ②-⑤ | ③-④ | ③-⑤ | ④-⑤ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2004 | 0.015 | 0.017 | 0.017 | 0.008 | 0.024 | 0.023 | 0.017 | 0.026 | 0.018 | 0.017 |
2005 | 0.029 | 0.020 | 0.017 | 0.028 | 0.032 | 0.031 | 0.033 | 0.021 | 0.022 | 0.025 |
2006 | 0.028 | 0.022 | 0.020 | 0.028 | 0.029 | 0.028 | 0.031 | 0.019 | 0.014 | 0.018 |
2007 | 0.015 | 0.018 | 0.021 | 0.023 | 0.016 | 0.018 | 0.015 | 0.019 | 0.015 | 0.015 |
2008 | 0.029 | 0.020 | 0.017 | 0.022 | 0.027 | 0.027 | 0.022 | 0.018 | 0.013 | 0.014 |
2009 | 0.038 | 0.031 | 0.033 | 0.040 | 0.033 | 0.037 | 0.036 | 0.022 | 0.016 | 0.024 |
2010 | 0.021 | 0.016 | 0.018 | 0.038 | 0.020 | 0.023 | 0.033 | 0.017 | 0.031 | 0.034 |
2011 | 0.017 | 0.018 | 0.016 | 0.016 | 0.019 | 0.016 | 0.017 | 0.017 | 0.019 | 0.017 |
2012 | 0.025 | 0.024 | 0.015 | 0.013 | 0.034 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.023 | 0.021 | 0.013 |
2013 | 0.028 | 0.020 | 0.011 | 0.017 | 0.037 | 0.029 | 0.029 | 0.021 | 0.023 | 0.015 |
2014 | 0.028 | 0.012 | 0.010 | 0.031 | 0.031 | 0.030 | 0.044 | 0.013 | 0.035 | 0.035 |
2015 | 0.011 | 0.013 | 0.017 | 0.016 | 0.012 | 0.016 | 0.020 | 0.016 | 0.021 | 0.024 |
2016 | 0.009 | 0.015 | 0.019 | 0.009 | 0.016 | 0.020 | 0.009 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.020 |
2017 | 0.023 | 0.029 | 0.023 | 0.019 | 0.023 | 0.017 | 0.016 | 0.024 | 0.022 | 0.016 |
2018 | 0.027 | 0.034 | 0.027 | 0.021 | 0.035 | 0.027 | 0.025 | 0.034 | 0.027 | 0.024 |
2019 | 0.015 | 0.025 | 0.026 | 0.037 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.034 | 0.034 | 0.044 | 0.038 |
均值 | 0.022 | 0.021 | 0.019 | 0.023 | 0.026 | 0.024 | 0.025 | 0.022 | 0.022 | 0.022 |
注:① 京津冀;② 长三角;③ 长江经济带;④ 黄河流域;⑤ 粤港澳。 |
表3 重大战略区域资源型城市绿色转型绩效地区差距的来源:基于技术结构⑥Table 3 Sources of regional disparities in the green transformation performance of resource-based cities in major strategic regions: Based on technical structure |
时期 | 京津冀 | 长三角 | 长江经济带 | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GPTP | GSEC | GPEC | GTPSE | GPTP | GSEC | GPEC | GTPSE | GPTP | GSEC | GPEC | GTPSE | |||
I | 46.13 | 22.08 | 46.29 | -14.51 | 35.60 | 17.93 | 57.12 | -10.65 | 54.12 | 29.97 | 41.22 | -25.32 | ||
II | 127.79 | 72.20 | 16.68 | -116.66 | 22.09 | 11.18 | 21.25 | 45.48 | 42.82 | 68.00 | 16.95 | -27.77 | ||
III | 39.60 | -13.08 | 40.02 | 33.46 | 93.31 | 7.05 | 1.40 | -1.77 | 32.75 | 11.70 | 50.82 | 4.74 | ||
IV | -5.99 | 44.38 | 111.08 | -49.47 | -7.00 | 8.73 | 109.03 | -10.77 | 86.63 | 31.53 | 37.48 | -55.64 | ||
V | 78.61 | 13.10 | -12.05 | 20.33 | 23.46 | 46.40 | 79.80 | -49.66 | 45.87 | 31.85 | 46.04 | -23.76 | ||
时期 | 黄河流域 | 粤港澳 | ||||||||||||
GPTP | GSEC | GPEC | GTPSE | GPTP | GSEC | GPEC | GTPSE | |||||||
I | 36.04 | 24.93 | 36.26 | 2.77 | -50.91 | 303.30 | -78.59 | -73.80 | ||||||
II | 17.20 | 2.88 | 11.85 | 68.07 | 118.90 | 574.86 | -51.81 | -541.95 | ||||||
III | 48.51 | 15.19 | 8.72 | 27.58 | 11.47 | 537.30 | -219.25 | -229.51 | ||||||
IV | 21.88 | 32.90 | 75.16 | -29.94 | 31.79 | 260.76 | -11.51 | -181.04 | ||||||
V | 47.57 | 38.17 | 34.27 | -20.01 | -317.16 | -71.82 | 0 | 488.98 |
⑥ 注:I表示整个样本时期;II表示“十五”时期;III表示“十一五”时期;IV表示“十二五”时期;V表示“十三五”时期,下同。 |
表4 重大战略区域资源型城市绿色转型绩效地区差距的来源:基于要素结构Table 4 Sources of regional disparities in the green transformation performance of resource-based cities in major strategic regions: Based on factor structure |
时期 | 京津冀 | 长三角 | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
L | K | E | Y | FS | SO2 | PM2.5 | L | K | E | Y | FS | SO2 | PM2.5 | ||
I | 14.85 | -19.15 | 11.15 | 0 | 26.74 | 13.21 | 53.19 | 22.64 | -2.05 | 18.94 | 0 | 18.25 | 16.63 | 25.60 | |
II | -3.81 | -12.32 | 27.50 | 0 | 84.14 | 39.12 | -34.64 | 32.97 | -1.85 | 23.38 | 0 | 13.66 | 7.51 | 24.34 | |
III | 14.75 | -16.96 | 27.67 | 0 | 25.75 | 24.18 | 24.60 | 13.16 | -2.38 | 29.82 | 0 | 22.81 | 18.45 | 18.13 | |
IV | 27.06 | -15.96 | 3.58 | 0 | 4.61 | -1.01 | 81.71 | 29.86 | 1.98 | 19.09 | 0 | 23.28 | 22.49 | 3.30 | |
V | 9.02 | -29.27 | -8.20 | 0 | 26.93 | 4.32 | 97.21 | 20.27 | -6.77 | 2.94 | 0 | 8.54 | 11.58 | 63.43 | |
时期 | 长江经济带 | 黄河流域 | |||||||||||||
L | K | E | Y | FS | SO2 | PM2.5 | L | K | E | Y | FS | SO2 | PM2.5 | ||
I | 18.15 | -4.40 | 13.59 | 0 | 26.79 | 26.95 | 18.92 | 18.28 | -6.78 | 20.25 | 0 | 25.00 | 23.22 | 20.03 | |
II | 23.41 | -4.76 | 16.48 | 0 | 22.99 | 26.52 | 15.35 | 26.44 | -2.33 | 32.92 | 0 | 8.45 | 18.00 | 16.52 | |
III | 14.48 | -17.58 | 16.04 | 0 | 32.07 | 22.98 | 32.02 | 16.30 | -14.76 | 20.30 | 0 | 37.57 | 22.86 | 17.72 | |
IV | 17.98 | -2.60 | 12.18 | 0 | 26.51 | 29.03 | 16.91 | 17.89 | -10.11 | 16.09 | 0 | 33.14 | 20.53 | 22.46 | |
V | 20.31 | 10.00 | 10.85 | 0 | 22.43 | 29.53 | 6.87 | 17.14 | 5.13 | 19.05 | 0 | 7.39 | 29.64 | 21.64 | |
时期 | 粤港澳 | ||||||||||||||
L | K | E | Y | FS | SO2 | PM2.5 | |||||||||
I | -75.06 | -4.05 | 231.08 | 0 | 15.46 | -46.81 | -20.62 | ||||||||
II | 67.81 | 6.00 | 25.10 | 0 | 24.85 | 48.97 | -72.73 | ||||||||
III | -243.11 | 0 | 386.23 | 0 | 93.26 | -115.17 | -21.21 | ||||||||
IV | -4.21 | 1.25 | 142.72 | 0 | 2.10 | -46.64 | 4.78 | ||||||||
V | -24.98 | -20.77 | 250.58 | 0 | -69.79 | -9.47 | -25.57 |
表5 绝对俱乐部收敛、条件俱乐部收敛检验结果Table 5 Test results of absolute club convergence and conditional club convergence |
时期 | 回归系数 | 京津冀 | 长三角 | 长江经济带 | 黄河流域 | 粤港澳 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
整 个 样 本 时 期 | 绝对收敛系数 | -0.488*** (0.103) | -1.203*** (0.075) | -1.105*** (0.054) | -1.027*** (0.044) | -0.485** (0.192) |
Hausman检验 | re | fe | fe | fe | fe | |
Adjust R2 | 0.235 | 0.589 | 0.526 | 0.470 | 0.170 | |
条件收敛系数 | -1.043*** (0.150) | -1.244*** (0.074) | -1.204*** (0.054) | -1.156*** (0.043) | -0.973*** (0.301) | |
lnrgdp | 0.057 (0.081) | 0.016 (0.017) | -0.036 (0.037) | -0.001 (0.022) | 0.054 (0.173) | |
urb | 0.017 (0.224) | 0.014 (0.015) | 0.059 (0.147) | -0.016 (0.069) | 0.038* (0.210) | |
hum | 5.179 (4.001) | -0.243 (0.019) | 0.638 (1.275) | -0.315 (0.609) | 12.528 (22.143) | |
emp | -0.174 (0.140) | 0.181 (0.191) | -0.089 (0.064) | -0.095** (0.048) | 0.912** (0.400) | |
gov | -0.868** (0.329) | -0.495 (0.361) | 0.029 (0.072) | -0.051 (0.071) | 0.115 (0.616) | |
fin | 0.054 (0.034) | 0.044** (0.018) | 0.042** (0.017) | 0.005 (0.005) | -0.094* (0.051) | |
ind | 0.271 (0.237) | 0.007 (0.109) | -0.218*** (0.077) | -0.095** (0.045) | -0.087 (0.389) | |
tec | -11.292 (9.975) | 3.714 (4.120) | 2.962 (3.554) | 0.065 (0.820) | 0.568 (1.341) | |
ope | 1.044** (0.400) | 0.016 (0.021) | 0.001 (0.001) | 0.027 (0.020) | 0.234 (0.453) | |
env | 0.011 (0.039) | -0.002 (0.031) | 0.028 (0.021) | -0.015 (0.012) | -0.117 (0.098) | |
mar | 0.017 (0.011) | -0.000 (0.003) | 0.008 (0.007) | 0.009** (0.004) | -0.001 (0.017) | |
Hausman检验 | fe | re | fe | fe | re | |
Adjust R2 | 0.036 | 0.635 | 0.424 | 0.485 | 0.641 |
注:*、**、***分别代表在10%、5%、1%显著性水平上显著,括号内数值为标椎差。 |
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