JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES >
Mechanisms of rural revitalization through Pu'er tea industry development:A case study of Yiwu, Yunnan
Received date: 2022-12-12
Revised date: 2023-04-07
Online published: 2023-08-24
The present study uncovers the mechanisms of rural revitalization through Pu'er tea industry using the case of Yiwu, which is an underdeveloped town in Yunnan province. From the perspective of the industry and social economy, this study investigated the process and mechanisms of rural revitalization through Pu'er tea industry in Yiwu. The tea industry in Yiwu emerged in the Qing Dynasty (over 300 hundred years ago) and has experienced three development stages since then: prosperity, decline, and revival. By adopting semi-structured interviews and participant observations, the present study first analyzed different production organization modes and profit distribution modes formed in the process of revitalization of the Pu'er tea industry in Yiwu. This study then summarized the process and mechanisms of rural revitalization through the Pu'er tea industry. Three major findings can be obtained from this study. First, for rural villages with resource endowments, renewable, sustainable, irreplaceable and scarce natural resources are the most fundamental factors of production. For farmers, ownership of such resources can be an important guarantee for their livelihood and income. Second, resource endowment and transaction cost determined what kind of production organization mode and profit distribution mode the industrial subjects chose in a place. In the construction of the production and management system of modern agriculture, more indigenous tea farmers should be supported to build small and medium-sized processing tea factories to produce and process Pu'er tea. In combination with the Pu'er tea culture, local communities can be guided to transform from agriculture-led to the coordinated development of agriculture, processing industry and service industry, to enhance economic and social resilience through diversified industries. Last but not least, when promoting rural revitalization through industrial development, preferential policies should be formulated to clarify farmers' property rights to resources and improve farmers' capabilities. In the process of agricultural modernization, farmers should be encouraged and trained to improve their abilities and skills, which could help them participate in the processing and circulation, and transform from farmers to operators with the ability to process and sell tea products, so as to increase their incomes while realizing the identity transformation.
BAO Ji-gang , CHEN Yuan-yi , DONG Yu-heng . Mechanisms of rural revitalization through Pu'er tea industry development:A case study of Yiwu, Yunnan[J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2023 , 38(8) : 1941 -1954 . DOI: 10.31497/zrzyxb.20230802
表1 2011—2018年易武镇茶园面积及产量Table 1 Tea plantation area and yield of Yiwu in 2011-2018 |
年份 | 茶园面积/亩 | 干毛茶产量/kg |
---|---|---|
2011 | 42711 | 842000 |
2012 | 42681 | 868000 |
2013 | 42686 | 926000 |
2014 | 51633 | 1100000 |
2015 | 52633 | 1242178 |
2016 | 53628 | 1598971 |
2017 | 62717 | 1751765 |
2018 | 98784 | 2150854 |
注:数据来源于易武镇政府。 |
表2 易武镇普洱茶各生产主体的生产要素投入情况Table 2 Input of production factors of the main bodies of Pu'er tea production in Yiwu |
生产主体 | 原料 | 劳动力 | 技术 | 资本 |
---|---|---|---|---|
自产自销茶农 | 基本自给,少量承包 | 雇佣当地人 | 传统技术 | 原始积累 |
原料生产茶农 | 基本自给,少量承包 | 雇佣当地人 | 传统技术 | 原始积累 |
小型加工茶厂 | 自给和承包并存 | 雇佣当地人 | 传统技术为主,少量先进技术 | 原始积累 |
现代大型茶企 | 承包和收购并存 | 雇佣当地人或外地调配 | 传统和先进技术并存 | 外地茶企以外来投资为主;本地茶企以原始积累为主 |
注:作者根据访谈内容整理。 |
真诚感谢中山大学翁时秀副教授对本文提出的修改意见和建议。
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