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Optimizing the ecological networks based on the supply and demand of ecosystem services in Xiamen-Zhangzhou-Quanzhou region
Received date: 2019-05-30
Request revised date: 2019-07-24
Online published: 2021-04-28
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Coupling the supply and demand of ecosystem service with the security pattern of landscape ecology, and deconstructing the ecological space structure of urban agglomerations are the basis for optimizing the spatial arrangement of agriculture-urban areas-ecology networks. Based on the theory of supply and demand for ecosystem service, ecosystem service supply area was determined by fusing the most important areas of the integrated ecosystem services and the boundaries of the ecological red line, by taking Xiamen-Zhangzhou-Quanzhou Urban Agglomeration in the southeast coast of Fujian province as an example. In combination of natural and economic factors, the consumption pattern can be constructed. The minimum cumulative resistance model was further applied to establish a landscape ecology security pattern in order to identify landscape components, such as demand zones, network of ecological flows, and key nodes. Furthermore, the ecological network space of Xiamen-Zhangzhou-Quanzhou region was reconstructed by utilizing layered overlay analysis. The results showed that: (1) The supply area occupied 41.64% of the study area, in addition, ecological buffer zones, ecological sensitive zones, and production and living zones accounted for 22.67%, 31.58%, and 4.11%, respectively. (2) The source of supply was mainly distributed in the hilly and mountainous areas of the central and western regions, where the low-cost areas of ecosystem service were located. The high-cost areas concentrated in the coastal regions were characterized by an octothorpe shaped distribution pattern. (3) Ecological flow paths were highly meshed. They were mainly composed of forests in the central and western regions, and urban water system, green space systems and surrounding farmland in the eastern coastal areas. Both the type and intensity of the driving factors suggested significant spatial heterogeneity. (4) Constructing an ecological network space optimization layout of "nine zones, four groups, one belt, nine corridors and multi-centers" in the study region was also proposed in this research, so as to coordinate the production-living-ecological function among the region and facilitate the synergetic development of the economic-ecological space.
HU Qi-yu , CHEN Song-lin . Optimizing the ecological networks based on the supply and demand of ecosystem services in Xiamen-Zhangzhou-Quanzhou region[J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2021 , 36(2) : 342 -355 . DOI: 10.31497/zrzyxb.20210206
表1 评价因子体系及阻力系数Table 1 Evaluation factors and resistance coefficients |
| 评价因子 | 单位 | 权重 | 阻力值 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10 | 30 | 50 | 70 | 90 | |||
| 人口密度 | 人·km-2 | 0.251 | 0~50 | 50~500 | 500~3000 | 3000~6000 | >6000 |
| 土地利用类型 | — | 0.251 | 森林、湿地、水域 | 灌木林、草地 | 耕地 | 裸地等 | 建设用地 |
| 距交通干线距离 | m | 0.027 | >5000 | 2000~5000 | 1000~2000 | 500~1000 | <500 |
| 距水源涵养区距离 | km | 0.251 | 0~1 | 1~3 | 3~5 | 5~10 | >10 |
| 坡度 | (°) | 0.054 | 0~5 | 5~10 | 10~25 | 25~35 | >35 |
| 高程 | m | 0.054 | 0~200 | 200~400 | 400~600 | 600~1000 | >1000 |
| 土壤侵蚀强度 | — | 0.114 | 微弱 | 轻度 | 中度 | 强度 | 极强和剧烈 |
注:森林的阻力值为5。 |
表2 “九区四组团一带九廊道多中心”生态网络空间优化说明Table 2 Interpretation of "nine zones, four groups, one belt, nine corridors and multi-centers" |
| 核心概念 | 解释说明 | |
|---|---|---|
| 九区 | 生态保育核心区与水土保持敏感区 | 将生态保育核心区与水土保持敏感区划分为西北部水源涵养与生态保育、中部水土流失敏感、西南部水源涵养与生态保育三大区 |
| 生态—农业交错区 | 将生态—农业交错区划分为中北部生态农业、安溪高地生态农业、中南部生态农业三大区 | |
| 城郊集约农业区 | 将城郊集约农业区划分为惠安集约农业生产、厦—漳外围集约农业生产、东南部集约农业生产三大区 | |
| 四组团 | 一核 | 厦门市中心城区 |
| 双翼 | 泉州市和漳州市中心 | |
| 一重心 | 漳江河口城镇中心 | |
| 一带九廊 | 一带 | 海岸生态防护带 |
| 九廊道 | 人工—自然生态廊道、自然生态廊道共同形成“五横四纵”生态廊道网络 | |
| 多中心 | 城镇中心 | 市区城镇中心 |
| 县级城镇中心 | ||
| 生态关键中心 | — | |
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