JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES >
Evaluation of water and land resources system bearing capacity and path optimization for rural revitalization
Received date: 2019-06-27
Request revised date: 2019-10-08
Online published: 2021-04-28
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The balance of water and land resources system in pastoral ecotone is the guarantee for the development of regional farming and animal husbandry. Taking Yanchi county of Ningxia as an example, this paper evaluates the carrying capacity of water and land resources based on matter element model and studies the driving factors affecting the change of carrying capacity of water and land resources, analyses the factors affecting the carrying capacity of water and land resources and their regional differences, and explores the optimization path of dual guidance of economy and society as well as resources and ecology. The results show that: (1) The carrying capacity of water and land resources of Yanchi county presented a symmetrical X-shaped pattern at a medium level and had great potential for development. Huamachi and Huianpu had higher carrying capacity, while Mahuangshan, Wanglejing and Dashuikeng had the lower. (2) There were obvious regional differences in the coupling and coordination of water and land resources in rural areas of Yanchi county in 2018, and the whole study area was in the antagonistic coupling stage. The coupling and coordination degree of towns was relatively high, while that of rural areas was relatively low. (3) There is a lack of synchronization between water resources and land resources utilization. Water resources lagging areas should take water resources adaptive management and control measures and "ecological conservation + water conservation" to protect mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands and lakes in a coordinated way. Land resources utilization lagging areas should actively explore the main function-oriented zoning, dominant type classification and principal purpose classification optimal distribution strategy of land resources in farming and animal husbandry space in combination with land engineering control measures and industrial restructuring. The strategy of synchronous optimization of resources use, ecological protection and socio-economic development based on the balance of water and land resources in rural areas of Yanchi county provides research reference for the development of agricultural transformation and the implementation of rural revitalization program in the pastoral ecotone.
QU Lu-lu , WANG Yong-sheng , LIU Yan-sui , MA Qing . Evaluation of water and land resources system bearing capacity and path optimization for rural revitalization[J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2021 , 36(2) : 300 -314 . DOI: 10.31497/zrzyxb.20210203
表1 乡村振兴的水土资源系统承载能力评价指标与评价标准Table 1 Evaluation indicators and criteria of water and land resources bearing capacity for rural revitalization |
系统 | 准则层 | 振兴 维度 | 指标层 | 弱 V级 | 较弱 IV级 | 一般 III级 | 较强 II级 | 强 I级 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
水 | 水资源利用 | L | A11 | 人均供水量/(m3/人) | <200 | >200~400 | >400~600 | >600~800 | >800 |
资源 | A1 | I | A12 | 耕地灌溉率/% | 0~10 | >10~20 | >20~50 | >50~60 | >60~100 |
系统 | I | A13 | 地下水开采难易度 | 0~0.2 | >0.2~0.4 | >0.4~0.6 | >0.6~0.8 | >0.8~1 | |
A | LI | A14 | 人畜供水率/% | 0~10 | >10~20 | >20~40 | >40~60 | >60~100 | |
E | A15 | 生态环境用水率/% | <50 | 50~60 | 60~70 | 70~80 | >80 | ||
I | A16 | 工业重复用水率/% | <55 | 55~65 | 65~75 | 75~85 | >85 | ||
水资源禀赋 | L | A21 | 人均水资源量/(m3/人) | <300 | >500~600 | >600~1000 | >1000~1500 | >1500 | |
A2 | LI | A22 | 地表水系数/% | 0~17 | >17~25 | >25~32 | >32~40 | >40 | |
土地 | 土地资源禀赋 | LI | B11 | 人均耕地面积/(亩/人) | 0~5 | >5~12 | >12~20 | >20~50 | >50 |
资源 | B1 | LI | B12 | 水耕协调度/% | 0~10 | >10~50 | >50-100 | >100~200 | >200 |
系统 | 土地利用 | I | B21 | 耕地利用程度/% | 0~20 | >20~50 | >50-70 | >70~90 | >90 |
B | B2 | L | B22 | 村庄用地占比/% | 0~0.1 | >0.1~0.15 | >0.15~0.2 | >0.2~0.3 | >0.3 |
GI | B23 | 节水灌溉率/% | <20 | >20~30 | >30~40 | >40~50 | >50 | ||
EI | B24 | 草地覆盖率/% | <10 | >10~20 | >20~30 | >30~40 | >40 | ||
GI | B25 | 耕地产出效益/(万元/hm2) | 0~1 | >1~2 | >2~3 | >3~5 | >5 | ||
社会 | 人口结构 | L | C11 | 人口密度/(人/km2) | >50 | >20~50 | >10~20 | >5~10 | <5 |
系统 | C1 | GI | C12 | 人口增长率/% | >15 | >10~15 | >6~10 | >2~6 | <2 |
C | 生活水平C2 | L | C21 | 农村生活用水定额 /[m3/(d·人)] | >110 | 80~110 | 50~80 | 20~50 | <20 |
经济 | 经济发展 | LI | D11 | 人均GDP/万元 | <0.5 | 0.5~1 | >1~3 | >3~5 | >5 |
系统 D | D1 | I | D12 | 工业产值模数/(万元/km2) | <0.5 | 0.5~1 | >1~3 | >3~5 | >5 |
产业结构 | I | D21 | 第一产业比例/% | >50 | >30~50 | >15~30 | >8~15 | >0~8 | |
D2 | GI | D22 | 水利工程投资率/% | 0~5 | >5~20 | >20~30 | >30~60 | >60 | |
生态 | 生态本底 | GE | E11 | 水土保持率/% | <60 | >60~70 | >70~80 | >80~90 | >90 |
环境 | E1 | I | E12 | 干旱指数(无量纲) | >15 | >10~15 | >8~10 | >5~8 | >0~5 |
系统 | 植被环境 | E | E21 | 植被覆盖率/% | 0~20 | >20~30 | >30~50 | >50~70 | >70 |
E | E2 | EI | E22 | 牲畜超载率/% | >20 | >10~20 | >3~10 | >0~3 | <0 |
注:振兴维度:产业兴旺(I)生态宜居(E)乡风文明(C)治理有效(G)生活富裕(L);C21农村生活用水定额参照宁夏回族自治区有关行业用水定额的通知,宁政办发[2014]182。 |
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