Study on the influence of terrain upon land use pattern is necessary. This would help us to have a better understanding of the effects of human activity and the physical geography on the processes of land use/cover change, and is of practical significance in regional development and environmental protection. Based on the 1 ∶50000 DEM (Digital Elevation Model) and the multi-temporal remote sensing data of TM image extracted in 2004, this study, taking the Qinghai Lake Basin as an example, analyzed the difference between projected area and true surface area and the relationship between the terrain (elevation, slope and aspect) and the spatial distribution pattern of land use/cover. The conclusions of the study can be drawn as follows: 1) The true surface area is larger than projected area by 754.79 km2. 2) There were different land use types associated with different elevations, slope gradients and aspects. The main distributions of different land use types are listed as: cropland, habitation, water area and sandy land (below 3500 m and 2°, S and S-W aspects), woodland (3500-4000 m and 6°-25°), grassland (below 4500 m and 25°), swamp (3500-4500 m, below 25°, N and N-E aspects) and unused land (4000-4500 m, above 15°). 3) With the rise of elevation and slope, the index of land use intensity showed a gradual decreasing tendency, and the index of land use intensity decreased in the order of flat land, sunny slope and shady slope. These also showed that the terrain features are the foundation of regional land use pattern in the Qinghai Lake Basin. The reason was the terrain factor determines the redistribution of rainfall, heat and other natural resource, which finally affect the land use type and degree of human being. Compared the index of land use intensity with other typical regions, human activity had little effect on the land use/cover in this study area, so the related researches on environmental and ecological problems should pay more attention to the natural driving factors.
CUI Bu-li, LI Xiao-yan, JIANG Guang-hui, ZHANG Si-yi, HUANG Yang-kui
. Study on Land Use/Cover in Mountain Area Based on the DEM —Taking the Qinghai Lake Basin as an Example[J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2011
, 26(5)
: 871
-880
.
DOI: 10.11849/zrzyxb.2011.05.014
[1] Verburg P H, Veldkamp T A, Bouma J. Land use change under conditions of high population pressure: The case of Java[J]. Global Environmental Change, 1999, 9: 303-312.
[2] 于修兴, 杨桂山. 中国土地利用/覆被变化研究的现状和问题[J]. 地理科学进展, 2002, 21(1): 51-57.
[3] 陆云阁, 许月卿, 蔡云龙. 基于遥感技术和GIS的小流域土地利用/覆被变化分析[J]. 地理科学进展, 2005, 24(1): 79-86.
[4] Lambin E F, Turner B L, Geist H J, et al. The causes of land-use and land-cover change: Moving beyond the myths[J]. Global Environmental Change, 2001, 11: 261-269.
[5] 江晓波, 马泽忠, 曾文蓉, 等. 三峡地区土地利用/土地覆被变化及其驱动力分析[J]. 水土保持学报, 2004, 18(4): 108-112.
[6] Fox J, Vogler J B. Land-use and land-cover change in montane mainland Southeast Asia[J]. Environmental Management, 2005, 36: 394-403.
[7] 宋开山, 刘殿伟, 王宗明, 等. 1954年以来三江平原土地利用变化及驱动力[J]. 地理学报, 2008, 63(1): 93-104.
[8] 王玉华, 刘彦随, 周应华. 沿海发达地区土地利用转换的人文驱动机制研究[J]. 地理科学进展, 2004, 23(2): 43-50.
[9] 潘竟虎, 刘菊玲. 黄河源区土地利用与景观格局变化[J]. 水土保持通报, 2005, 25(1): 29-32.
[10] 李小雁, 许何也, 马育军, 等. 青海湖流域土地利用/覆被变化研究[J]. 自然资源学报, 2008, 23(2): 285-296.
[11] 杨丽, 谢高地, 甄霖, 等. 径河流域土地利用格局的时空变化分析[J]. 资源科学, 2005, 25(4): 26-32.
[12] 方精云, 沈泽昊, 崔海亭. 试论山地的生态特征及山地生态学的研究内容[J]. 生物多样性, 2004, 12(1): 10-19.
[13] Pinder J E III, Krah G C, White JD, et al. The relationships between vegetation type and topography in Lassen Volcanic National Park[J]. Plant Ecology, 1997, 131(1): 17-29.
[14] 冯朝阳, 于勇, 高吉喜, 等. 地形因子对京西门头沟区土地利用/覆盖变化的影响[J]. 山地学报, 2007, 25(3): 274-279.
[15] 喻红, 曾辉, 江子瀛. 快速城市化地区景观组分在地形梯度上的分布特征研究[J]. 地理科学, 2001, 21(1): 64-69.
[16] 邱扬, 傅伯杰, 王军, 等. 黄土丘陵小流域土地利用的时空分布及其与地形因子的关系[J]. 自然资源学报, 2003, 18(1): 20-29.
[17] 孙丽, 陈焕伟, 潘家文. 运用DEM剖析土地利用类型的分布及时空变化[J]. 山地学报, 2004, 22(6): 762-766.
[18] Turner M, Wear D, Flamm R. Land ownership and land-cover change in the southern Appalachian Highlands and the Olympic Peninsula[J]. Ecological Applications, 1996, 64: 1150-1172.
[19] Wear D N, Bolstad P. Land-use changes in southern Appalachian landscapes: Spatial analysis and forecast evaluation[J]. Ecosystems, 1998, 1: 575-594.
[20] 沈泽昊, 张全发, 岳超, 等. 南水北凋中线水源区土地利用/土地覆被的空间格局[J]. 地理学报, 2006, 61(6): 633-644.
[21] 李文航, 龚建华. 遥感地表真实面积和垂直投影面积差异的定量化模拟[J]. 计算机应用研究, 2008, 25(4): 983-985.
[22] 陈吉龙, 武伟, 刘洪斌. DEM在林地表面积计算中的应用研究[J]. 西南农业学报, 2008, 21(5): 1348-1352.
[23] 庄大方, 刘纪远. 中国土地利用程度的区域分异模型研究[J]. 自然资源学报, 1997, 12(2): 105-111.
[24] Qi Y X. Carrying capacity of grassland and sustainable development of animal husbandry in Qinghai Lake area[J]. Agricultural Science & Technology, 2009, 5: 175-178, 183.
[25] 刘瑞民, 杨志峰, 沈珍瑶, 等. 基于DEM的长江上游土地利用分析[J]. 地理科学进展, 2006, 25(1): 102-109.
