Cross-border water resources have a great diversity of interests to a country, and the conflicts resulting from its exploitation have become increasingly prominent. As for the conflicts and the new potential conflicts, according to the International Water Law at present, we have an overall balance and understanding on how to deal well with the development and protection of transnational rivers, the plan of water use in future and the conflicts resulted from the interests of neighboring countries. In order to develop cross-border water resources harmoniously, it is critical to deal well with several relationships as follows: national sovereignty and water rights; the upstream and downstream countries, the countries earlier and later developing water resources; cross-border groundwater and surface water; national sovereignty and meteoric water such as mist; fair utilization and rational development of water resources; the conflicts of cross-border water resources and international cooperation; benefits sharing and accountability; the development and damage and prevention of cross-border water resources; and basin countries and non-basin countries, etc. China should also be inspired from cross-border rivers’ development and utilization. As a result, water planning should meet both its own needs and interests and other countries’ in order to achieve sustainable use of cross-border water resources.