Land policy is one of the most important driving factors affecting the use of land and the change of ecological environment.This paper analyzes the effects of the policy of dynamic equilibrium of the total cultivated land on the change of cultivated land and ecological environment effects in China.Firstly,the impacts of the policy on the quantity change of cultivated land are analyzed from occupying and supplementing cultivated land.Then,the impact of the policy on the comprehensive productivity of cultivated land is quantitatively analyzed by using index of cultivated land productivity.Finally,the effects of the policy on ecological environment are analyzed.The result indicates that this policy has an active effect on the change of cultivated land,presenting mainly in the following aspects:The tendency that non-agricultural constructions are taking too much cultivated land has been totally limited,the whole country and various provinces (municipalities,autonomous regions)have realized the equilibrium of occupying and supplementing cultivated land,and the farmland consolidation has been promoted.However,this policy has an opposite effect on the change of the quality of cultivated land.While the whole country has carried out the equilibrium of occupying and supplementing cultivated land,the comprehensive productivity of cultivated land was declining.At the same time,it has also negatively affected the ecological environment.On this basis,this paper advances some propositions of adjusting the policy,such as restudying the feasibility and necessity of the policy of dynamic equilibrium of the total cultivated land,replacing this policy with protecting and improving the comprehensive productivity of cultivated land,and adopting diverse specific measures according to the regional difference of land resources.