Aiming at current state and problems of compensation collection for exploiting mineral resources related to"three-undergrounds"(underground waters,underground railways and traffic arteries,underground buildings),based on the theory of resources value and current standard of resources compensation collection,as well as theoretical analysis,practical calculation and com-puter simulation,the paper gives the theoretical basis for reducing compensation collection of ex-ploiting"three-underground"mineral resources,puts forward certain parameter determination mod-els such as the comprehensive evaluation of mining difficult degree,compensation collection,ra-tional recovery coefficients of"three-underground"mineral resources and studies the determi na-tion methods of border,reserves,recovery coefficients of mining"three-underground"mineral resources promptly and accurately,as well as designing and developing program systems.All these offered theoretical basis and methods for improving compensation collection of"three-un-derground"mineral resources,mineral resource management and decision-making of exploita-tion.