Researches on the balance between land use and water resources in the North China Plain have been done recently with an accurate soil water balance model,which take the land use and the precipitation on it into account along with comparisons of the water demand and deficits of different crops.Results show that water demand for all crops on the farmland(8848 thousand ha)is 74 436 billion m3,the corresponding water deficits is 30 937 billion m3;in the irrigated area(6532 thousand ha),the water deficits is 22.873 billion m3.However,the water supply system provided 26.178 billion m3 of water for agriculture in 1995,because of the lower effective utilization,the irrigated area still had 11.616 billion m3 of water deficits.The effective precipitation and irrigation on the plain are evaluated.Observed data show that although there is 82% of water supply for the growth period of winter wheat,key phase water supply(64%)restricts the grain production.To keep the supply water meeting the demand measures of raising water efficiency and optimizing irrigation are recom mended.