Based on a great deal of archaeological data of the Neolithic age,the land use regions in China of the Holocene megathermal period are divided. The basic characteristic of the land use in that period is that dry farming dominated in the north,while rice planting dominated in the south. The northern boundary of rice planting reached 35°N,and it lay 2～3 degrees farther north of the present boundary. The northern boundary of dry farming extended to the region along the Great Wall in Inner Mongolia and the Gansu Qinghai region in the northwest, where the animal husbandry or semi agricul tural and semi pastoral industry dominated now and the primary cultivated crop is millet.According to the land use arrangement mentioned above,it is inferred that the precipitation in the Holocene megathermal period was 100 mm more than now in the region along the northern boundary of dry farming and was 100～300mm more than now in the region along the northern boundary of rice planting. The northern boundaries of the summer drought zone and the subtropical high pressure zone also extended northward 2～3 degrees in latitude.The warm period is beneficial to the development of agriculture in China.