Sustainable development is the theme and direction of economic development in China for present and 21st century, and it is the theoretical basis of guiding the sufficient and rational use of natural resources. Deep researches of the objective law of sustainable development may help us to follow the right way of sustainable development of economy consciously, to give full play to the role of deploying the natural resources rationally by socialist market economy system,and to guide the proceeding of economic reform deeply. At last ,on the basis of sufficient and rational use of limited resources,our national economy will be promoted to go forward along the way of sustainable ,rapid and healthy development.