The total amount of agricultural natural resources is large in China, but the per capita amount is relatively poor.According to the potential of the land, the highest population carrying capacity is 15 hundred million people and in a very long period of time the carrying capacity will be in a critical state.In China, the potential productivity of land is higher in the east and lower in the west. The key area for food production is in the middle part of the country. The present 20 hundred million Mu of cultivated land are the precious part of all the land resources and the land with medium yield deserves much attention We must strengthen the establishment of 9 cereal bases.The strategy of development of forestry must be that the emphasis is transferred to the mountainous areas.For the development of animal husbandry, new forage bases must be established.In short, it is essential for China to develop an economical type of agriculture which aims at making the best use of land resources.