China has a vast mountainous area, covering two-thirds of her total land area. Therefore, the rational exploitation of the mountainous areas plays an important role in China's economic construction.China's mountainous areas encompass a variety of natural conditions. They are rich in natural resouces, such as forests, grasslands, water for hydroelectric production and irrigation, minerals, fruits, wild animals and plant resources as well as resources of tourism, etc. There are indeed great potentialities for development. But, owing to long t-terme misuse of the mountainous areas the ecological environment is out of balance, the productive level is low and the living conditions of local inhabitants are rather poor.In order to rationally develop the resources of the nountainous areas and to devise a better land-use planning, a preliminary regionalization of China's mountainous.areas has been made. The total mountainous areas are divided into 10 regions and 37 sub-regions. There has been a review for each region and sub-region about its natural conditions, natural resources, state of production, existing problems, developmental direction, main approach and measures for future development.The discussion about the strategic points for the development of China's mountainous area can be summarized as the following four aspects:1) to recover China's mountain forest vegetation and to build the stable base of forestry;2) to fully use grassland resources to mountainous areas, and to greatly incrcas herbivorous livestocks;3) multiple-use is a key to becoming rich in the mountainous areas;4) the position of cereals production in the mountainous areas.