Water pollution is one of the major environmental problems, "water resources protection, and pollution control" is necessary to ensure sustainable development of cities. The analysis of the existing environmental data is an important task to the environmental statistics. The rough set theory is an effective method for data analysis. The attribute reduction is a useful method, which can pack data, reduce the operation and raise the efficiency. This article established the roughset model and used it in processing the data of industrial pollution emissions from 1995 to 2006 in the area of Shanghai, and in inspecting the influence in the industrial production. At the same time, the author utilized the programming of Matlab to confirm the validity of the model and obtained the useful result. The correlation analysis shows the relationship between factors and population,economy. By the analysis of the decision rule in the future environmental data processing, we should take serious measures to control the industrial withdrawal of sulphur dioxide, reduce the amount of the coal, pay great attention to protect the environment while developing economy and making the economy continue the balanced development.