Using the data of remote sensing of lakes from EOS-MODIS satellite and climate,frozen earth by monitoring from 2001 to 2006 in the headwaters of the Yellow River, this study analyzed the dynamic change of the high and chill lakes in the concerned region since the 21st century, described the developing background of the climate and frozen earth since the observation with apparatus, and then revealed the response to changes of the climate and frozen earth environment in terms of the area and the number of the lakes. The results indicated: the latest fluctuation coming from the headwaters of the Yellow River was an unanimous indication of the increase in area and quantity, which was more remarkable in the earlier flood period than in the later, and the change of the lakes in quantity was most obvious; the large background appeared in the last 52 years, including the increase in temperature, precipitation and evaporation, but the chief climatic characteristic was warm and moist since 2001,at the same time, the evaporation had been lessened apparently, and the thickness of the frozen earth had been decreased and the frozen time shortened due to the warmer climate; the lakes expanded and the number increased, at this time, the precipitation increased, evaporation decreased and the frozen earth deteriorated, which reinforced the melting of groundwater, all of these were the direct result of the changes of climate and frozen earth environment.