
Tourism placemaking in traditional villages amidst the symbolic operation of agricultural folk cultural landscape: A case study of Huangling village in Wuyuan county, Jiangxi province, China
HUANG Cheng-kun, ZHANG Xing-fa, XU Hong
JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES ›› 2024, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (8) : 1974-1992.
Tourism placemaking in traditional villages amidst the symbolic operation of agricultural folk cultural landscape: A case study of Huangling village in Wuyuan county, Jiangxi province, China
The rapid development of urbanization has placed traditional village cultural landscapes at risk of decline. Tourism-induced production and consumption of landscape symbols offer new perspectives for the protection and revitalization of traditional village cultural landscapes in the new era. Using actor-network theory and taking Huangling village in Wuyuan county, Jiangxi, as a case study, this research explores the process and mechanisms of tourism placemaking under the symbolization of the "Shaiqiu" cultural landscape. The results show that: (1) Huangling Tourism Company plays a pivotal role in the local tourism development, acting as a key actor in the symbolization of the "Shaiqiu" landscape, mobilizing diverse actors through interessement, enrolment and mobilisation. (2) The tourism development in Huangling village undergoes two stages: the shaping of the core symbol of "Shaiqiu" and the integration of the generalized "Shaiqiu" landscape symbol. Throughout this evolution, the obligatory passage point (OPP) of the actor network shifts from "Develop rural tourism, revitalize Huangling" to "Enhance the quality of tourism projects, create a rural tourism complex." (3) The agency of key actors, exploration of non-human actor attributes, and the intervention of significant heterogeneous actors are intrinsic mechanisms driving the local tourism development in Huangling village under the symbolization of cultural landscape. This study broadens the theoretical understanding of placemaking from the perspective of landscape symbolization, offering practical insights for the protection and renewal of traditional village cultural landscapes in the new era.
traditional village / cultural landscape / symbolic operation / tourism placemaking / actor-network / Huangling village {{custom_keyword}} /
Table 1 The "Shaiqiu" landscape system in Huangling village表1 篁岭村的“晒秋”景观体系 |
景观体系 | 景观类型 | 景观要素 |
---|---|---|
篁岭“晒秋” 景观体系 | “晒秋”核心景观 | 农作物、徽派建筑、木晒架、“晒秋”大妈、竹晒扁 |
“晒秋”泛化景观 | 花溪水街、飘雪民国馆、滑道漂流、鲜花小镇、梅园、冒险森林、“晒秋”美宿、魔幻流光森林 |
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文化遗产景观是地域文化的符号表征,文化遗产景观基因则是地域文化代际传承的基本“遗传”单位和文化遗产景观形成的决定性因子。目前文化遗产景观基因研究已成为文化地理学的重要方向之一。通过识别与提取隐藏在文化遗产景观内的文化基因,可反映出地域文化的基本特质。传统村落是最具代表性的地域文化遗产景观,整体上延续和传承了中国优秀的传统文化,并集中体现在传统村落内的文化遗产景观之中,对传统村落进行遗产性景观基因识别研究可揭示地域文化的人文地理性和传统村落的社会文化性。基于地域文化遗产景观基因理念,以陕西省35个代表性传统村落为例,首先从宏观和中观尺度,分析了传统村落遗产性景观的文化环境特征;其次从微观视角,建立了传统村落文化遗产景观基因识别指标体系,综合运用景观基因识别与提取方法,对传统村落文化遗产景观的基因特征进行分析,识别出传统村落的地域文化特质。本文旨在从文化地理学的视角认识和保护传统村落文化遗产景观,为实现传统村落的文化复兴提供科学依据。
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Genes of cultural heritage landscape, the basic units of cultural heritage, can pass on regional culture and have become the new research direction of cultural geography. By extracting and recognizing memes of cultural heritage landscape, it is possible to reflect regional cultural characteristics. Traditional villages are the most representative kind of regional cultural heritage landscape, which embody and preserve our traditional culture. Gene recognition research of regional cultural heritage landscape could not only expand the scope of studies of traditional settlements but also reveal the human geographical features of regional culture and the sociocultural distinctions of traditional villages. Existing literature in China on identifying landscape genes from traditional settlements has not examined inherited genes and genetic structures of traditional culture and has rarely been used in the study of traditional villages. This article is an attempt to exercise the conception of regional cultural heritage landscape gene into cultural space research of traditional villages. It focuses on selected typical traditional villages in Shaanxi Province at the macroscale, mesoscale, and microscale. First, considering the regional culture discrepancies between the Guanzhong, the Shanbei, and the Shannan areas in Shaanxi Province, representativeness of the cases, balance in geographic distribution, and comprehensiveness of available data, the study selected 35 traditional villages; Second, on the macroscale and mesoscale, this article analyzes cultural environment characteristics of the cultural heritage landscape inheritance in these villages, which are found to be in conformity with the geomantic principles, the bionic design, and the traditional Li thought. Without strictly obeying the architectural shapes in urban landscapes, the location and the overall layout of traditional villages are more flexible, but still have many similar environmental characteristics as cities; Third, for establishing a landscape genes identification index system, the study divided the attributes of cultural heritage landscape into six sub-indices and 17 indicators, and applied various methods to extract and identify feature genes of the material and immaterial cultural heritage landscape at the microscale, including traditional dwellings, public building architecture, conventional custom, folk beliefs, ancestral culture, and regional dialects; Fourth, regional cultural traits are explored, which can be classified into two categories: the cultural feature of general characters, and the cultural feature of local characters. The agrarian and patriarchal clan culture is considered the general cultural character. Local cultural characters are examined in the following aspects: the military culture, the immigration culture, the communication and business culture, the industry culture, and the political culture. This research may provide a foundation for the study of constructing cultural heritage landscape genetic map in China for rejuvenating traditional village cultures. {{custom_citation.content}}
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[27] |
李伯华, 李珍, 刘沛林, 等. 湘江流域传统村落景观基因变异及其分异规律. 自然资源学报, 2022, 37(2): 362-377.
传统村落在历史、文化、经济、旅游和科学等多个方面价值颇高,保护传统村落的空间格局和文化内涵极为重要。以中国湘江流域上中下游六个典型传统村落为例,以景观基因理论为基础,运用景观基因分析法识别了湘江流域传统村落景观基因,分析了上中下游传统村落显性物质景观基因与隐性非物质文化基因的变异特征,总结了湘江流域传统村落景观基因变异特征及分异规律,研究结果显示:(1)湘江流域上游传统村落平面基因变异相悖于本土的情况侧重发生在平面结构变异上;立面基因的变异相悖于本土、突变后直接消亡的情况较多;文化基因上受外来冲击的不适感较强,有加剧景观基因变异的风险和趋势。(2)湘江流域中游传统村落对立面基因的改动需求较大,且改动时间较早,造成立面基因变异以及平面基因中街巷格局、平面布局变异较大,变异后相悖于本土的特征显著;而在文化基因中,对文化的变异融合接受能力强,变异相融于本土的情况显著。(3)湘江流域下游传统村落在形态、布局特征明显的平面基因中产生的变异不大显著;在立面基因中遭遇突变后直接消亡的特征明显;在文化基因中,对家风信仰的基因变异以相融于本土为主,习俗礼仪的基因变异呈现分化趋势,单民族聚居式的家族以相悖于本土的特征为主,多民族聚居式的家族以相融于本土的特征为主。
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王兆峰, 李琴, 吴卫. 武陵山区传统村落文化遗产景观基因组图谱构建及特征分析. 经济地理, 2021, 41(11): 225-231.
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刘春腊, 徐美, 刘沛林, 等. 传统村落文化景观保护性补偿模型及湘西实证. 地理学报, 2020, 75(2): 382-397.
本文提出了传统村落文化景观保护性补偿的理论框架,基于理论框架构建了传统村落文化景观保护性补偿模型。以湖南省湘西州为例,甄别驱动因素、佐证补偿模型。结果表明:① 从传统建筑风貌、村落选址和格局、村落非物质文化遗产活态传承及其村落社会经济发展水平看,湘西传统村落符合实施文化景观保护性补偿的条件;② 从景观特性及价值、外部市场认可度、自我损失、政府管理等层面而言,湘西传统村落文化景观保护性补偿符合所提出的补偿模型;③ 从驱动因素看,湘西82个中国传统村落文化景观保护性补偿特征符合模型中的景观特性、政府管理、外部市场和自我损失综合驱动型;④ 湘西传统村落文化景观保护性补偿可划分为社会经济补偿型、历史文化补偿型和自然环境补偿型,各类型的社会经济、历史文化、自然环境等因素均影响补偿模型结构。
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Cultural landscape protection compensation is a new topic in modern human geography. In this paper, we firstly proposed the theoretical framework of cultural landscape protection compensation of traditional villages, and then set up the cultural landscape protection compensation model on the basis of proposed theoretical framework. Finally, we discriminated the driving factors and offered a proof to the model, which takes Xiangxi nationality autonomous prefecture in Hunan province as a case study. The results can be concluded as follows: (1) From the aspects of the traditional architectural style, the location and pattern of villages, dynamical inheritance of the intangible cultural heritage of villages, and the level of their social and economic development of villages, traditional villages in Xiangxi conforming to the implementation conditions of cultural landscape protection compensation. (2) From the aspects of landscape characteristics and values, external market recognition, self-loss, government management, etc., cultural landscape protection compensation of traditional villages in Xiangxi conforms to the proposed cultural landscape protection compensation model. (3) From the aspects of its driving factors, cultural landscape protection compensation features of the 82 traditional villages in Xiangxi are in accordance with the comprehensive driving mode of landscape characteristics, government management, external market and self-loss. (4) In the traditional villages of Xiangxi, the cultural landscape protection compensation can be divided into three types, namely, social and economic compensation, historical and cultural compensation, and natural environment compensation. The factors of each type, such as social economy, historical culture, natural environment, all influence the structure of the compensation model. {{custom_citation.content}}
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[30] |
刘沛林, 李雪静, 杨立国, 等. 文旅融合视角下传统村落景观数字化监测预警模式. 经济地理, 2022, 42(9): 193-200, 210.
借鉴景观基因、历史文化村镇与旅游文化遗产监测预警相关研究,基于文旅融合视角构建了传统村落景观数字化监测预警模式。结果表明:①村落景观的保护与留存是旅游发展的基础,适宜的旅游发展又能挖掘村落文化价值,为村落注入经济活力;开展数字化监测预警,一是防止景观被破坏到无法挽回的状态,二是为提高村落文化保护与旅游融合发展适宜度。②将传统村落景观数字化监测对象划分为空间布局、民居景观、公共建筑景观、自然环境与民俗文化等五大类19个小类,并解构为新增空间面积与原有空间总面积比值等45个小项,以旅游经济(资本)引入村落开发旅游为时间节点,基于数字化监测方式能获取景观动态变化数据。③对照景观数据变化的指数范围以确定警(示)度,得出传统村落景观变异程度、文化保护与旅游开发融合程度并进行分析处理,为传统村落数字化保护与发展、旅游经济效益的提高指明方向;持续推动村落文化保护与旅游经济可持续融合发展,是传统村落景观数字化监测预警的目的。
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Based on the research of landscape genes,historical and cultural villages,and the monitoring and warning of tourism cultural heritage,this paper constructs the digital monitoring and warning model of traditional village landscape from the perspective of culture-tourism integration. The results show that: 1) The protection and preservation of village landscape is the basis of tourism development,and the appropriate tourism development can excavate the cultural value of the village and inject economic vitality into the village. Carrying out digital monitoring and warning of traditional village landscape is to prevent the disastrous damage of landscape,and to improve the village cultural protection and the suitability of culture-tourism integration development. 2) The digital monitoring objects of traditional village landscape are divided into 5 categories and 19 sub-categories,such as spatial layout,residential landscape,public building landscape,natural environment and folk culture,and deconstructed into 45 small items such as the ratio of new space area to the original total space area. Taking the date of village development tourism invested by tourism economy (capital) as the time node,it obtains the dynamic data of landscape based on digital monitoring. 3) According to the index range of the change of landscape data,it analyzes the variation degree of traditional village landscape and the integration degree of cultural protection and tourism development. It points out the direction for the digital protection and development of traditional villages and the improvement of tourism economic benefits,and continuously promotes the sustainable integrated development of village cultural protection and tourism economy,which is the purpose of digital monitoring and warning of traditional village landscape.
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刘沛林, 刘颖超, 杨立国, 等. 传统村落景观基因数字化传播及其旅游价值提升: 以张谷英村为例. 经济地理, 2022, 42(12): 232-240.
通过梳理传统村落文化景观传播与旅游经济发展的现状问题,借鉴景观基因理论、传播学理论构建传统村落景观基因数字化传播路径的总体逻辑框架,并以张谷英村为例进行实证探索。形成以下结论:①传统村落景观基因数字化传播区别于一般景观传播,其传播方式更加高效、传统内容更精准、传播过程更系统,能够在数字旅游过程中将景观基因更好地传播给游客;②传统村落景观基因数字化传播路径的逻辑框架包括数字化传播内容、数字化传播方式和数字化传播受众三个部分,是在识别传统村落景观基因的基础上,利用数字化方式进行采集、处理、展示,最终通过数字化体验传播给游客的综合过程;③以张谷英村为例进行实证,综合构建了从现实实体到数字虚拟,从地方知识到游客受众脑海意象的张谷英村景观基因数字化传播路径,该路径的效应不仅体现在传播价值上,也体现在引流价值、经济价值与保护价值等旅游价值提升上。
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何艳冰, 乔旭宁, 王同文, 等. 传统村落文化景观脆弱性测度及类型划分: 以河南省为例. 旅游科学, 2021, 35(3): 24-41.
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杨馥端, 窦银娣, 李伯华, 等. 符号消费与场域转换: 传统村落文化空间演变与重构. 地理研究, 2023, 42(8): 2172-2190.
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杨立国, 胡雅丽, 吴旭峰, 等. 传统村落文化景观基因生产的过程与机制: 以皇都村为例. 自然资源学报, 2023, 38(5): 1164-1177.
传统村落是中国传统文化传承和保护的重要场域,文化景观基因作为地方文脉延续和区域特色呈现的核心载体,在社会经济发展和文化更新过程中不断得到生产。以皇都村侗族大歌为例,采取参与式观察和深度访谈的质性研究方法,通过构建“景观基因—空间生产”的分析框架开展传统村落文化景观基因生产的过程与机制研究。研究发现:(1)皇都村侗族大歌的生产可分为原型生成、结构重组和意义修复三个阶段,文化景观基因呈现出从遵循原真价值认知到满足旅游消费转型,最后顺应文化身份认同的变化过程。(2)文化景观基因生产呈现出“外壳—中介—内核”的结构机制,政府和市场在时空尺度的资本循环作为外壳推动空间表征,精英群体在日常生活中的权力行为作为中介支撑表征空间,本地村民作为村落主体承载着生产的内核实现文化原真实践的表达。(3)资本在生产中通过资源资本化、资本空间化和空间资本化,实现其三重循环;权力在精英群体作用下,通过话语表征、技能规训和身份认同完成行为逻辑的建构;村民主体通过内生行动的实践表达,从最初代际传承下的简单参与到旅游消费下的抵制抗议,最终在遗产保护号召下发挥协作作用。
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卢薇, 尹铎, 朱竑. 西方超越人类的地理学研究进展. 地理学报, 2019, 74(10): 2178-2191.
随着现代科技发展与社会环境变化,人类与非人类的边界日益模糊,这使得以往研究中未能引起足够重视的非人类生命与物质逐渐引起学者们的关注。21世纪以来,在西方地理学界兴起的“回归唯物主义”思潮中,超越人类的地理学(MTHG)应运而生,并成为探索人类与非人类共同构成的世界的重要途径之一。通过对298篇相关期刊论文及著作的分析发现,超越人类的地理学主张“关系本体论”,其产生受到行动者网络理论、生物哲学与非表征理论的深刻影响,现有研究议题聚焦于新动物地理学与自然保护、城市社会文化与生态政治、物质性与商品经济、身体与生命健康、气候变化与环境问题等方面。本文通过梳理超越人类的地理学的理论源起并剖析各议题的经典研究案例,以期为中国地理学研究提供新的视域。
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Along with the growing public awareness of the impossibility of separating nature from society and the difficulty of dividing the world neatly into spaces of 'human' and 'non-human', more-than-human geographies become increasingly popular in exploring the human-nonhuman assemblages in Western countries. However, existing literature demonstrates that the investigation of more-than-human geographies has received insufficient attention from non-Western countries, including China. Based on a systematic analysis of journal papers published in the Core Collection of Web of Science over the last 15 years, this article is dedicated to introduce the more-than-human geographical thoughts and approaches into China. The software Citespace has been used to analyze a total of 298 journal papers published from 2002 to 2017 in the Core Collection of Web of Science, among which the main themes can be generalized into five categories: new animal geographies and natural conservation, urban culture and political ecology, materiality and commodity economy, body and life health, climate change and environmental issues. New animal geographies have usually been understood as comprising the mainstream of more-than-human geographies, while the last two topics have been regarded as new fields. This article first investigates the core views of three philosophical and theoretical ideas which inspired the development of more-than-human geographies and explained how these insights influence the associated thoughts and approaches. Moreover, to show more details about what kinds of assemblages more-than-human geographies are interested in, this article introduces the content of each category with classical case studies. Finally, the primary contributions and critiques of more-than-human geographies are also presented. China's rich natural products and multiple social cultures, as well as the rapid development of science and technology mean that there is a potential for Chinese geographers to provide more interesting and vivid investigations for more-than-human geographies in the Chinese context. {{custom_citation.content}}
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朱竑, 尹铎. 自然的社会建构: 西方人文地理学对自然的再认识. 地理科学, 2017, 37(11): 1609-1616.
自然的社会建构作为西方人文地理学界对自然的再思考,渐成为理解自然与社会互动的重要理论框架,并逐步成为推动人地和谐、可持续发展研究的新范式。通过梳理自然的社会建构研究理论源起并对西方涉及自然的社会建构的研究文献进行全面梳理发现,自然的社会建构并非单纯指基于建构主义视角考察自然的知识生产或价值与意义,还应该关注自然被生产与形构的商品化过程。现有议题主要聚焦于政治与自然、商品化与自然、社会情感与自然以及日常生活与自然四大方面。在此基础上,进一步提出了国内未来研究需要关注的重要方向。
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The approach of social construction of nature has become an important theoretical framework in understanding the interplay between society and nature in western Human Geography as geographers has long endeavored to integrate Human Geography and Physical Geography. “Social construction of nature” not only refers to the process and transformation by which nature is materially formed and commodified, but also emphasizes that the ideas of nature are socially constructed and culturally determined, which intrinsically related to subjective meanings, power, discourse, and representation. This approach therefore arguably sheds new light on cultivating harmonious human-place relationship and substantial development. This article seeks to review on the theory of social construction of nature and related literature, and outlines four aspect of focuses: the politics of nature, the commercialization of nature, social emotion and nature, and everyday life and nature. We argue that social construction of nature is not merely a social constructionist approach that primarily focuses on the knowledge production and social value and meaning imposed on the nature, but also intellectually rewarding in seeing both material and symbolic form of nature as interactively constituted with each other. Most importantly, the material changes of nature are often interactively tied up with the values and meanings of nature. At last, this article proposes the future research areas that requires further theoretical and empirical investigation including the dynamics and effects of social construction of nature amidst China social transformation, power relationships and negotiation underlying the socialize process of nature, capital’s impacts upon the reconstruction of nature, and individuals’ emotional response to social construction of nature. Hence, we argue that the positivist understanding of nature need to articulate with social constructionist approach, which reconcile the material change of nature with social meanings and relationships. This article seeks to enrich the interdisciplinary research of nature in domestic Human Geography and Physical Geography. {{custom_citation.content}}
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袁超, 陈品宇, 孔翔, 等. 行动者网络理论与人文地理学的交互关系研究: 重构、争辩与反思. 地理研究, 2021, 40(2): 583-596.
行动者网络理论(ANT)被用于诸多学科,对突破地理学中的二元思维具有重要意义。通过梳理和比较ANT与人文地理学的相关理论,发现其时空观具有相通之处。广义对称性原则将ANT与人文地理学链接,使得人文地理学中描述的方法论、自然和物质的重要性及网络被重新认识。地理学者对ANT的批判主要围绕社会解释与网络解释、传统批判的合法性、人与非人对称的真实性与有效性等方面展开。一些地理学者试图使用拼装(assemblage)思维来弥补ANT的不足,将欲望、虚拟、流等概念补充进来,使之更为贴近现实世界。由于扇贝实验的案例研究对人文地理学者理解与运用ANT影响较大,文章解析了该案例中蕴含的转译逻辑。最后,阐明ANT在经验研究中需要反思之处,并讨论了可进一步研究的方向及对人文地理学的启示。
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行动者网络理论以一种结构化的方式来构建行为主体之间的关系, 并将要素流动和网络化互动形态纳入分析范畴, 为各学科研究提供了全新的视角, 在人文地理领域的应用也日渐增多。本文在总结行动者网络理论主要内容的基础上, 分类归纳评述了行动者网络理论在不同分支研究领域的应用主题和方式, 并就研究的深度、广度、影响力进行国内外对比。研究表明, 行动者网络理论对人与非人行动者的一致看待及其通过转译过程解析网络关系的研究模式, 除强化了经济地理等领域的理论建构之外, 也为乡村地理、城市地理、经济地理、旅游地理等领域的地方发展、政策实践研究提供了一种有效的分析方法。引入该理论的人文地理研究引用频次高, 有较大的学术影响。目前国内研究多停留在行动者网络理论分析框架的直接套用, 极少涉及分析框架改进和理论思考, 在广度和深度上与国际研究仍有差距。
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胡宪洋, 保继刚. 乡村旅游景观特质网络演进的蒋巷村案例. 地理研究, 2016, 35(8): 1561-1575.
在乡村地理的相关研究中,景观特质演化的逻辑主线与运行机理未得到充分重视。以蒋巷村为案例地,运用社会网络分析与行动者网络理论等研究方法,以网络结构特征与权力关系为切入点,力图呈现乡村旅游景观特质网络演进过程,并解读其背后的逻辑。研究发现:① 蒋巷村景观特质网络密度不断增大,景观特质间联系度持续增强;景观特质网络主题特色整体稳定,高中心度特质波动明显,其中,服务环境和村干部C的名人效应不断凸显,但乡村氛围有所下降。② 蒋巷村景观特质演进的背后是中央政府、地方政府、村两委、政治精英、驻村企业、村民以及当地的资源环境要素等七类主体组成的行动者网络;政府有效引导、精英人物视野以及形式变化下主体的倒逼与自觉成为景观特质演进成功与否的关键;权力格局与利益通道的变化成为角色定义、分配与转换的驱动力量,也成为景观特质网络构建的主要因素。③ 社会网络分析和行动者网络理论在抽象关系网络化以及演进形成机制逻辑梳理方面具有适用性。此外,还对景观特质演变与社会空间重构,空间、权力与利益的运行逻辑以及案例背后的制度逻辑进行了讨论。
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陆林, 张清源, 许艳, 等. 全球地方化视角下旅游地尺度重组: 以浙江乌镇为例. 地理学报, 2020, 75(2): 410-425.
权力、资本与空间的作用关系是马克思主义地理学的重要议题,近年来旅游地通过丰富的空间实践接驳全球化进程,为这一领域的研究提供了鲜活的案例。以浙江乌镇为研究案例,通过全球地方化的研究视角,结合Harvey的资本循环理论和Smith的尺度重组理论提出分析框架,将尺度重组理解为一种由权力、资本作用于多尺度空间而形成的复杂过程。基于质性研究方法,对乌镇从“前旅游阶段”向“旅游阶段”和“后旅游阶段”转变过程中的尺度重组进行分析。结果表明:乌镇尺度重组过程是对中国改革开放以来社会经济变革的微观映射;乌镇尺度重组是全球、国家、区域、地方等不同等级空间尺度“自上而下”和“自下而上”双向综合作用的结果;乌镇尺度重组具有作为权力、资本与空间互动作用下的方式和结果的双重属性,权力、资本与空间之间的交互逻辑是其核心机制;乌镇的空间实践在微观层面上拓展了权力、资本与空间相关探讨的研究范围。作为介于城市与农村之间的空间单元,乌镇的全球地方化实践走出了一条“兼容二元”的现实路径,这对改善中国当前城乡发展不平衡现状具有借鉴意义。
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The relationship of power, capital and space is an important issue of the Marxist geography. In recent years, tourism destinations have been gradually connected to the globalization process through abundant spatial practices, providing vivid cases for the research in this field. Taking Wuzhen as a study case, this paper has put forward an analytical framework by putting together David Harvey's circuits of capital theory and Neil Smith's rescaling theory based on the literature review, which regards rescaling as a complex process formed by power and capital acting on a multi-scale space. Using the qualitative research method, this paper analyzes the rescaling of Wuzhen during its transformation from "pre-tourism stage" to "tourism stage" and finally to "post-tourism stage". The results of this study show that the rescaling of Wuzhen is a microscopic mapping of social and economic changes since China's reform and opening-up. The rescaling of Wuzhen is the result of a two-way comprehensive action of "top-down" and "bottom-up" at different scale levels, such as global, national, regional and local levels, and it has dual attributes as method and result under the interaction of power, capital and space. The logic of interaction between power, capital and space is the core mechanism of the rescaling of Wuzhen. The spatial practice of Wuzhen expands the research scope of power, capital and space relevance at a micro level. As a space unit between urban and rural areas, the glocalization space practice of Wuzhen has come out of a "compatible binary relation" realistic path, which is a reference to the improvement of the current imbalance of urban and rural development in China. {{custom_citation.content}}
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黎镇霆, 马悦柔, 翁时秀. 主题公园化古镇的后现代原真性体验及生成机制: 以乌镇西栅景区为例. 旅游学刊, 2023, 38(1): 42-52.
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刘爱华. 乡村振兴语境下民俗旅游景观生产研究: 以江西婺源篁岭“晒秋”为例. 云南师范大学学报: 哲学社会科学版, 2022, 54(6): 87-95.
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杨忍, 徐茜, 周敬东, 等. 基于行动者网络理论的逢简村传统村落空间转型机制解析. 地理科学, 2018, 38(11): 1817-1827.
基于行动者网络理论,对顺德区杏坛镇“逢简水乡”的空间重构过程与机制进行分析。结果表明:① 逢简村的空间转型过程分为旅游型美丽乡村的建设和运营2个阶段。② 美丽乡村建设阶段是以地方政府为关键行动者,形成了以权力为核心的自上而下征召的行动者网络,实现了乡村环境的综合整治,为运营阶段做准备。③ 运营阶段的行动者网络发生了转变,村集体、村民和其他下层行动者逐渐拥有更多的话语权,强化村民自治经营能力,增加了村内的公共空间建设并推进功能性空间的转化,进入了社区营造和经营阶段。④ 乡村转型发展的过程中,行动者网络的结构处于时时动态调整的状态,乡村空间转型与重组呈现出一个持续的过程。随着关键行动者目的转变、社区营造机制的引入(征召方式的改变),网络中的行动者角色发生变化,促成行动者网络转变,进而对乡村空间转型与重构产生作用。
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金圣钧, 李江梅, 李宇皓, 等. 空间漫游与想象生产: 在线影像中“网红城市”的媒介化建构. 新闻与传播研究, 2023, 30(5): 53-74, 127.
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全国新型城镇化工作会议提出,要“让居民望得见山、看得见水、记得住乡愁”。“乡愁”是内心深处一种对家乡、对曾经生活过的地方的记忆、怀念与向往,是内心深处一份最柔软的情感,是一种精神需求。新型城镇化要记住的“乡愁”,一方面是要保护好家乡的历史文化、历史记忆和人文精神,另一方面是要保留好这些地方文化基因,传承乡土文明。“留住乡愁”的前提是加强文化保护。乡愁可以通过新型城镇化建设过程中切实保护传统村镇文化遗产和风貌,保留文化基因、传承文化记忆、打造文化品牌与特色景观等方式,达到满足城镇化居民家乡情感、生活情感、历史情感、文化情感等精神需求的目的。“留住乡愁”的关键是大力开展特色小城镇的建设,以就地城镇化为依托,“满天星斗式”的小城镇分布格局与特色旅游小镇建设是实现新型城镇化的重要路径之一。“湖湘风情旅游小镇”建设是“留住乡愁”的有益尝试和积极探索,能为充满人性关怀的新型城镇化建设,创造一个真正充满诗意的美丽家园。
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