
Spatio-temporal patterns of the grain yield and quality of agricultual soil resources in the irrigated area of the Yellow River in the North China Plain
TAO Wen, ZHANG Xu-bo, SUN Zhi-gang, LI Shi-ji, LIU Xiao-jie, ZHANG Chong-yu, OUYANG Zhu, CHENG Sheng-kui
JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES ›› 2019, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (4) : 829-838.
Spatio-temporal patterns of the grain yield and quality of agricultual soil resources in the irrigated area of the Yellow River in the North China Plain
Understanding the spatial and temporal variations of crop yield and soil nutrient can optimize the agricultural resources utilization and sustain the agro-productivity, which is of great significance for agricultural production activities. In this study, the quality monitoring data of crop yield and soil nutrients were used to analyse the evolution of crop yield and the spatial distribution of soil organic matter and other nutrients in the irrigated area at the lower reaches of the Yellow River in the North China Plain. The results showed that there were significant spatial and temporal differences in the level of agricultural productivity within the irrigated area. Since the late 1980s, the overall level of farmland productivity had been on the rise. The high yield field of winter wheat was distributed in Qihe county in the north part and the three counties in the south part of the lower reaches of the Yellow River with a range of 6084.0-6861.0 kg/hm2. The spatial distribution of summer maize yield showed that the intermediate area was higher than the two sides, and the yield of Qihe county was the highest with the yield of 7524.0 kg/hm2. The lowest yields of winter wheat and summer maize were found in Dongying county, which were 4705.5 and 5092.5 kg/hm2 respectively. The distribution of organic matter and nutrient of farmland in the irrigated area had obvious spatial and temporal differences. The highest organic matter content and available potassium were observed in Dezhou, being 16.30 g/kg and 202.40 mg/kg, respectively. The highest total nitrogen content was in Zibo, being 1.17 g/kg. The highest phosphorus content was in Tai'an, being 34.56 mg/kg. However, the lowest contents of organic matter, total nitrogen and available phosphorus were observed in Dongying, being 9.90 g/kg, 0.60 g/kg and 19.10 mg/kg, respectively. The results suggested that the level of agricultural productivity in the irrigated area had been continuously improving, which indicated that a great potential of agricultural productivity still exists. In addition, identifying the spatial difference of nutrient distribution can give the guidance to design the reasonable fertilization strategies for precision agriculture, and higher and more stable productivity.
irrigated area of the Yellow River / crop yield / soil quality / organic matter / soil nutrient {{custom_keyword}} /
Table 1 Soil organic and total nitrogen matter content in plough layer of wheat and maize rotation region in the irrigation area at the lower reaches of the Yellow River in the North China Plain in 1980 and 2016表1 1980年和2016年华北平原引黄灌区下游小麦玉米轮作区地级市耕层土壤有机质和全氮含量 |
地级市 | 有机质 | 全氮 | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2016年 | 1980年 | 增减 幅度/% | 2016年 | 1980年 | 增减 幅度/% | |||||||
均值/ (g/kg) | 变异 系数/% | 均值/ (g/kg) | 变异 系数/% | 均值/ (g/kg) | 变异 系数/% | 均值/ (g/kg) | 变异 系数/% | |||||
滨州市 | 13.30±4.6 | 34.8 | 12.31±6.0 | 49.0 | 8.0 | 0.97±0.3 | 27.4 | 0.74±0.2 | 30.0 | 31.1 | ||
菏泽市 | 12.00±2.6 | 21.4 | 15.14±7.0 | 46.2 | -20.7 | 0.83±0.2 | 22.9 | 0.90±0.4 | 38.9 | -7.8 | ||
济南市 | 14.80±4.0 | 26.7 | 16.42±10.0 | 61.0 | -9.9 | 0.74±0.4 | 53.7 | 0.85±0.3 | 34.3 | -12.9 | ||
济宁市 | 14.70±4.4 | 29.7 | 17.03±7.3 | 43.4 | -13.7 | 0.95±0.3 | 33.6 | 1.01±0.4 | 35.6 | -5.9 | ||
聊城市 | 13.80±3.7 | 27.0 | 12.39±5.2 | 42.1 | 11.4 | 1.02±0.3 | 29.0 | 0.78±0.3 | 34.6 | 30.8 | ||
泰安市 | 14.80±5.2 | 35.0 | 17.75±13.0 | 73.4 | -16.6 | 0.90±0.2 | 24.5 | 1.07±0.5 | 50.7 | -15.9 | ||
淄博市 | 15.40±4.5 | 29.2 | 19.26±10.9 | 56.6 | -20.0 | 1.17±0.4 | 31.6 | 0.99±0.4 | 41.0 | 18.2 | ||
临沂市 | 13.60±3.3 | 24.3 | 15.59±6.5 | 41.7 | -12.8 | 0.90±0.2 | 22.7 | 0.93±0.3 | 32.5 | -3.2 | ||
烟台市 | 13.50±3.6 | 26.7 | 19.74±13.7 | 69.5 | -31.6 | 0.90±0.2 | 19.9 | 1.06±0.5 | 50.6 | -15.1 | ||
德州市 | 16.30±4.0 | 24.6 | 10.93±3.4 | 31.3 | 49.1 | 1.00±0.2 | 21.4 | 0.68±0.2 | 29.0 | 47.1 | ||
东营市 | 9.90±3.8 | 39.1 | 10.56±6.0 | 56.7 | -6.3 | 0.60±0.2 | 36.3 | 0.60±0.2 | 34.5 | 0 |
Table 2 Effective phosphorus and available potassium content in plough layer of wheat and maize rotation region in the irrigation area at the lower reaches of the Yellow River in the North China Plain in 1980 and 2016表2 1980年和2016年华北平原引黄灌区下游小麦玉米轮作区地级市耕层土壤有效磷和速效钾含量 |
地级市 | 有效磷 | 速效钾 | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2016年 | 1980年 | 增减 幅度/% | 2016年 | 1980年 | 增减 幅度/% | |||||||
均值/ (g/kg) | 变异 系数/% | 均值/ (g/kg) | 变异 系数/% | 均值/ (g/kg) | 变异 系数/% | 均值/ (g/kg) | 变异 系数/% | |||||
滨州市 | 23.38±11.9 | 50.9 | 65.03±26.6 | 40.9 | -64.0 | 112.00±42.0 | 37.4 | 168.63±80.1 | 47.5 | -33.6 | ||
菏泽市 | 21.43±11.2 | 52.3 | 52.05±16.0 | 30.6 | -58.8 | 102.00±38.0 | 37.1 | 123.06±29.7 | 24.1 | -17.1 | ||
济南市 | 23.33±16.3 | 70.0 | 49.39±22.5 | 45.6 | -52.8 | 118.00±42.0 | 35.2 | 114.76±29.1 | 25.4 | 2.8 | ||
济宁市 | 27.31±15.3 | 56.0 | 54.11±18.4 | 34.0 | -49.5 | 128.00±50.0 | 39.3 | 118.33±32.8 | 27.7 | 8.2 | ||
聊城市 | 27.63±17.3 | 62.6 | 51.89±16.3 | 31.5 | -46.8 | 121.00±39.0 | 32.5 | 107.09±23.2 | 21.6 | 13.0 | ||
泰安市 | 34.56±20.6 | 59.6 | 47.45±18.8 | 39.6 | -27.2 | 119.00±36.0 | 30.7 | 100.0±29.44 | 29.4 | 19.0 | ||
淄博市 | 28.01±16.7 | 59.8 | 44.04±17.1 | 38.8 | -36.4 | 135.00±45.0 | 33.1 | 117.18±32.7 | 27.9 | 15.2 | ||
临沂市 | 33.70±22.9 | 68.0 | 46.49±19.1 | 41.0 | -27.5 | 121.80±28.3 | 23.2 | 99.37±26.0 | 26.2 | 22.6 | ||
烟台市 | 32.60±19.3 | 59.1 | 52.25±26.5 | 50.7 | -37.6 | 133.40±45.4 | 34.1 | 99.66±48.8 | 49.0 | 33.9 | ||
德州市 | 33.10±27.1 | 81.9 | 59.06±24.2 | 41.0 | -44.0 | 202.40±78.8 | 38.9 | 116.45±24.5 | 21.0 | 73.8 | ||
东营市 | 19.10±16.2 | 85.1 | 72.40±27.3 | 37.7 | -73.6 | 159.00±61.9 | 38.9 | 205.00±92.8 | 45.3 | -22.4 |
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The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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