Comprehensive Assessment of Surface Water Resource Security in Basin with Shale Gas Extraction in Chongqing, China

doi:10.31497/zrzyxb.20170708

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JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES ›› 2018, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (8) : 1451-1462. DOI: 10.31497/zrzyxb.20170708

Resource Evaluation

Comprehensive Assessment of Surface Water Resource Security in Basin with Shale Gas Extraction in Chongqing, China

ZHANG Hong^1,2,3, ZHANG Dai-jun¹, LU Pei-li¹, SONG Fu-zhong¹, KOU Shuang-wu¹

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Abstract

High water consumption and high saline backflow-production water containing complex organics caused by shale gas extraction will bring potential risks to water resource. In this study, the key factors which describe the availability of water for shale gas extraction in a mountainous area and the impact of backflow-production water on the surface water environment are identified. Furthermore, a method is developed to assess the security of surface water resource in a basin. The spatio-temporal analysis of water resource security in Chongqing is carried out, and the water resource security before and after shale gas extraction during 2010-2020 at different extraction intensity is assessed. The results show that the water consumption of shale gas extraction has a little impact on the regional water resource in total during 2010-2020, but it has more significant impact in the temporary water-deficient areas in western Chongqing. The discharge of backflow-production water of the shale gas extraction poses a potential risk of pollution in the urban areas of Midwest Chongqing and nearby areas with high pollutant loadings, and areas with high sensitive surface water environment such as Chengkou and Wuxi. The levels of water resource security in Chongqing are basically medium security and good security, whose areas account for the two thirds of the total area of Chongqing. The pattern of water resource security in Chongqing is as the following: the southeast is safer than the northeast, and the northeast is safer than the west. With the development of economy and society and the expansion of shale gas extraction, the level of water resource security in some sub-areas is at a risk of declining. The results provide the support to the decision-making in water resource allocation and water environmental protection for the shale gas extraction in Chongqing.

Key words

shale gas extraction / surface water / water resource security

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ZHANG Hong, ZHANG Dai-jun, LU Pei-li, SONG Fu-zhong, KOU Shuang-wu. Comprehensive Assessment of Surface Water Resource Security in Basin with Shale Gas Extraction in Chongqing, China[J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2018, 33(8): 1451-1462 https://doi.org/10.31497/zrzyxb.20170708

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Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 41571419 and 41807498;National Environmental Technology Management Project in 2015, No 2110109;Science and Technology Project of Chongqing Environmental Protection Bureau, No. 2014-0120;State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control Foundation, No. 2011DA105287-ZD201505;Chingqing Normal University Foundation, No. 16XYY18