自然旅游地人居空间适应性研究框架与研究展望

杨兴柱; 王诚; 陈学平

doi:10.31497/zrzyxb.20250812

摘要

面对适应复杂多样的变化环境挑战，处于生态敏感地区的自然旅游地人居空间适应性研究既是可持续人居环境研究的重点方向，也是破解自然旅游地人地矛盾的关键所在。适应性状态可在一定程度上反映生态保护和旅游发展权衡下自然旅游地人居空间系统演化的复杂性、异质性及可持续性。基于适应性的理论视角，引入复杂适应性科学研究范式，开展复杂变化环境下自然旅游地人居空间适应性科学研究，构建自然旅游地人居空间适应性研究框架与研究体系。从生态适应性、功能适应性、主体适应性维度，提出人居空间适应性综合评价体系。生态适应性是在生态文明基础上对自然空间的适宜表达，反映人居空间与外部“自然”生态环境的适应关系；功能适应性是人居空间利用的多功能性，反映在有限“土地”资源约束下人居空间内部各功能的权衡状态；主体适应性强调主体的能动性，反映“人”作为主体的应对外部环境的适应行为和内部功能改造能力。在此基础上，从理论更新、运行规律、综合机制、人类福祉效应和研究方法等方面，提出进一步研究方向。力求丰富地理学学科研究内容，为推进自然旅游地人居环境可持续发展和生态文明建设、乡村全面振兴提供科学支撑与典型示范。

关键词： 自然旅游地; 人居空间; 适应性; 研究框架; 研究展望

本文引用格式

杨兴柱 , 王诚 , 陈学平 . 自然旅游地人居空间适应性研究框架与研究展望[J]. 自然资源学报, 2025 , 40(8) : 2195 -2214 . DOI: 10.31497/zrzyxb.20250812

Abstract

Faced with the challenges of adapting to complex and diverse changing environments, the study on the adaptability of human settlement space is not only a key direction in sustainable living environment research, but also the key to resolve the conflict between people and land in natural tourist destinations. To some extent the adaptive state can reflect the complexity, heterogeneity, and sustainability of the evolution of human settlement space systems in balancing ecological protection and tourism development. Applying adaptability theory and the Complex Adaptive Systems (CAS) research paradigm, this study develops an analytical framework for human settlement spaces in complex changing environments,and constructs a conceptual framework and research system for the adaptability in natural tourism destinations. On the basis of clarifying the connotation of the concept of adaptability, the research content on the assessment, characteristics, mechanisms, and effects of human settlement space adaptability has been systematically sorted out. A multidimensional adaptability evaluation system from the dimensions of ecological adaptability, functional adaptability, and subject adaptability is built. Ecological adaptability is the appropriate expression of natural space based on ecological civilization, reflecting the adaptive relationship between human settlement space and the external natural ecological environment. Functional adaptability is the multifunctionality, reflected in the balance of various functions within human settlement space constrained by limited land resources. Subjective adaptability emphasizes the agency of the subject, reflecting the adaptive behavior and internal functional transformation ability of human as the subject to respond to the external environment. On this basis, further research directions are proposed from the perspectives of theoretical updates, operational laws, comprehensive mechanisms, human well-being effects, and research methods. This article aims to enrich the research content of geography disciplines, providing scientific support and empirical models for promoting sustainable development of human settlement environment and ecological civilization construction in natural tourist destinations, as well as comprehensive rural revitalization.

Key words： natural tourist destinations; human settlement space; adaptability; research framework; research prospects

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