食物安全目标下土地系统科学研究进展与启示

梁雅嘉; 陈坤秋

doi:10.31497/zrzyxb.20250702

摘要

土地系统科学致力于解决复杂社会—经济—生态问题并开发可持续土地利用方案。食物是人类社会系统和自然环境系统耦合的重要载体，而食物安全目标既是联合国可持续发展目标的重要组成，也是未来中国农业生产转型与人民生活改善的关键任务。本文基于食物安全目标系统梳理了土地系统科学相关研究议题和重要研究进展。研究表明，由于土地位于社会可持续发展需求的多重利益的交汇点，土地系统的非线性转变和复杂反馈机制使得土地系统科学研究呈现跨学科性、系统性、可持续性和复杂性四大特征。土地系统科学在保障食物安全领域已取得显著成果，涵盖土地利用策略、土地利用转型、土地利用远程耦合机制、土地利用需求预测和土地管理体系优化五个核心研究议题，研究呈现出重视跨时空溢出效应、应用系统性和整体性视角以及凸显可持续发展目标的转型趋势。未来研究应以食物“流空间”与食品价值链为逻辑基础，以系统思维开发可持续土地利用方案，加强土地系统科学在多要素耦合的综合集成研究、多学科交叉融合创新理论成果等方面助力食物安全目标实现。

关键词： 土地系统科学; 食物安全; 大食物观; 耕地保护; 可持续发展

本文引用格式

梁雅嘉 , 陈坤秋 . 食物安全目标下土地系统科学研究进展与启示[J]. 自然资源学报, 2025 , 40(7) : 1743 -1758 . DOI: 10.31497/zrzyxb.20250702

Abstract

Land system science is dedicated to addressing complex socio-economic and ecological challenges and developing sustainable land use solutions. Food inherently serves as a critical link between human societal systems and natural systems. Ensuring food security is not only a key component of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals but also a crucial task for China's agricultural production transformation and people's livelihoods improvement. This study systematically analyzes the research topics and key advancements in land system science related to food security goals. The findings reveal that, due to the land's position at the intersection of multiple interests associated with sustainable social development, the non-linear transformations and complex feedback mechanisms within land systems endow land system science with four prominent characteristics: interdisciplinarity, systematicity, sustainability, and complexity. In the realm of food security, land system science has achieved notable successes, encompassing five core research areas: land use strategies, land use transitions, land use telecoupling mechanisms, land use demand modelling, and the optimization of land management systems. These studies present the transformative trend towards emphasizing the significance of cross-spatiotemporal spillover effects, adopting systematic and holistic perspectives, and underscoring the sustainable development goals. Future research should be grounded in the logical foundation of food "flow spaces" and the food value chain, employing systems thinking to develop sustainable land use solutions and strengthen land system science in the areas of integrated research on multi-element coupling and interdisciplinary theoretical innovations, so as to contribute to the realization of food security goals.

Key words： land system science; food security; the greater food approach; farmland protection; sustainable development

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