
中国生态产品供给效率改善的影响因素研究:基于技术创新与制度整合双重视角
Efficiency of ecological products supply in China and its influencing factors from perspectives of technology innovation and institutional integration
提升生态产品供给效率对其稳定、可持续供给、增进人民生态环境福祉具有重要价值。本文通过动态价值当量法、超效率SBM模型及Malmquist指数测算中国省域生态产品价值及供给效率改善情况,从技术—制度双视角探究效率改善的影响因素。结果显示:技术创新和财政补贴仅显著促进纯技术效率(PEC)改善,但同时财政补贴也明显抑制规模效率(SEC)改善;生态产品消费意愿可显著促进综合效率(MI)和PEC改善,乡村反哺水平则显著促进SEC改善。后两者为技术创新和财政补贴对SEC改善的缺位提供了补充,形成了制度整合优势。应促进生态消费和乡村反哺价值观等非正式制度建设的长效化,推进城乡融合发展,构建生态产品投入产出的要素市场化流动和收益机制,全面改善生态产品供给效率。
Improving the supply efficiency of ecological products is of great value for its stable, sustainable provision and the public ecological welfare. This paper calculates the supply value of ecological products through dynamically adjusted per unit area value equivalent method, and the supply efficiency through the super efficiency SBM model and Malmquist index. The it explores the influencing factors of efficiency improvement from perspectives of technology and institution. The results show that technological innovation and financial subsidy only obviously improves the pure technical efficiency change (PEC). But the financial subsidy negatively influences the scale efficiency change (SEC). The ecological products consumption willingness obviously improves the efficiency change (MI) and pure technical efficiency change (PEC). The rural back-feeding value improves the scale efficiency change (SEC). The positive influence on SEC from rural back-feeding provides a make-up for the absence of stimulus for SEC from technological innovation and financial subsidy, forming an institutional integration advantage for efficiency improvement. It is to strengthen ecological consumption willingness and rural back-feeding institutions. The informal institutional construction such as ecological consumption and rural back-feeding value is supposed to be a long-lasting mechanism. Based on the urban-rural co-development, the market-centered production element circulation and profiting mechanism should be built in the ecological product input-output process. The ecological production supply efficiency is supposed to be comprehensively improved.
生态产品供给 / 效率改善 / 影响因素 / 技术创新 / 制度整合 {{custom_keyword}} /
supply of ecological products / efficiency improvement / influencing factors / technological innovation / institutional integration {{custom_keyword}} /
表1 2011—2020年中国省域标准当量的平均值Table 1 Provincial ecosystem service average value equivalent in China in 2011-2020 (元/hm2) |
省(市、自治区) | 平均标准当量 | 省(市、自治区) | 平均标准当量 | 省(市、自治区) | 平均标准当量 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
北京 | 2153.89 | 浙江 | 2203.75 | 海南 | 1810.27 |
天津 | 2040.12 | 安徽 | 1886.40 | 重庆 | 1905.33 |
河北 | 1952.80 | 福建 | 2040.41 | 四川 | 1991.67 |
山西 | 1462.12 | 江西 | 2121.50 | 贵州 | 1341.26 |
内蒙古 | 1735.41 | 山东 | 2305.21 | 云南 | 1568.38 |
辽宁 | 2305.24 | 河南 | 2150.94 | 西藏 | 2050.32 |
吉林 | 2535.55 | 湖北 | 2151.78 | 陕西 | 1441.15 |
黑龙江 | 1855.78 | 湖南 | 2266.15 | 甘肃 | 1479.57 |
上海 | 2598.11 | 广东 | 2018.37 | 青海 | 1389.34 |
江苏 | 2391.94 | 广西 | 1819.03 | 宁夏 | 1759.06 |
新疆 | 2267.07 |
表2 各项投入、产出指标选取及数据来源Table 2 Input and output variables and data source |
各项投入/产出 | 指标选取 | 数据来源 |
---|---|---|
物质资本投入 | 一产资本存量 | 基于宗振利等[54]研究中的一产资本存量,采用永续盘存法测算,农户在农林牧渔业的固定资产投资额与一产固定资产投资额分别来自《中国农村统计年鉴》与各省份国民经济统计公报及统计年鉴 |
劳动力投入 | 一产和生态旅游从业人员数 | 《中国人口和就业统计年鉴》《中国旅游统计年鉴》 |
土地要素投入 | 各类生态用地面积 | CLCD逐年土地覆盖数据集 |
能源投入 | 农林牧渔产业的能源终端消 费量 | 《中国能源统计年鉴》的能源平衡表 |
期望产出 | 生态产品供给的价值量 | 见1.1部分的测算 |
非期望产出 | (1)各省份空气污染水平 (2)各省份噪声水平 | (1)用以测算该值的空气优良天数比例(AQI)来自各省份生态环境状况公报 (2)用以测算该值的区域环境噪声平均等效声级来自生态环境状况公报 |
表3 各连续变量的描述性统计结果Table 3 Summary of variables |
变量名称 | 选取指标(取对数) | 平均值 | 标准差 | 最小值 | 最大值 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
人口 | 常住人口 (lnP) | 8.13 | 0.84 | 5.75 | 9.44 |
富裕程度 | 人均GDP (lnGDPPC) | 1.65 | 0.42 | 0.65 | 2.80 |
技术创新 | 绿色专利授权数 (lnTEC) | 5.98 | 1.58 | 0.69 | 8.84 |
经济发展 | GDP增长率 (lnGDPR) | 1.92 | 0.75 | -6.91 | 2.75 |
产业结构 | 一产投资比例 (lnFIR) | -3.71 | 1.04 | -9.78 | -1.66 |
正式制度 | 环保治理财政投入占GDP比例(lnSUR) | -0.33 | 0.65 | -1.50 | 4.35 |
非正式制度 | 生态产品消费的倾向性(lnER) | 12.12 | 0.96 | 8.68 | 13.60 |
乡村反哺水平(lnRI) | 9.97 | 0.25 | 9.33 | 10.69 |
表4 2011—2020年中国生态产品供给价值量演变Table 4 Ecological products value evolution in China in 2011-2020 |
生态产品价值 | 2011年 | 2012年 | 2013年 | 2014年 | 2015年 | 2016年 | 2017年 | 2018年 | 2019年 | 2020年 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
总价值量/万亿 | 22.65 | 24.92 | 25.15 | 24.96 | 23.68 | 22.20 | 22.61 | 22.36 | 20.10 | 18.82 |
变化率/% | — | 10.06 | 0.92 | -0.75 | -5.12 | -6.26 | 1.83 | -1.08 | -10.13 | -6.36 |
表5 中国省域生态产品供给效率改善的影响因素系数及显著性Table 5 Coefficients and significance of the influencing factors |
模型1 | 模型2 | 模型3 | 模型4 | 模型5 | 模型6 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Et-1 | MI | -0.1482 | -0.1557 | -0.1449 | -0.2145 | -0.1470 | -0.2240 |
PEC | -0.5641* | -0.6635* | -0.6626** | -0.6234** | -0.6504* | -0.6265** | |
SEC | -0.2653*** | -0.2463*** | -0.2540*** | -0.2585*** | -0.2402*** | -0.2415*** | |
lnP | MI | -0.0559 | -0.0653 | -0.0599 | -0.3567** | -0.0570 | -0.3796** |
PEC | -0.1956 | -0.1948 | -0.1512 | -0.5145*** | -0.2095 | -0.4548** | |
SEC | 0.0645 | 0.0700 | 0.0214 | 0.0019 | 0.0423 | -0.0183 | |
lnGDPPC | MI | 0.1679 | 0.1491 | 0.1451 | -0.0254 | 0.1801 | 0.0238 |
PEC | -0.3285* | -0.3846* | -0.3424 | -0.5444** | -0.4318* | -0.4977** | |
SEC | 0.1194 | 0.0512 | 0.0151 | 0.0037 | -0.0302 | -0.0782 | |
lnTEC | MI | -0.0140 | -0.0166 | -0.0149 | -0.0106 | -0.0185 | -0.0148 |
PEC | 0.1435* | 0.1467* | 0.1476* | 0.1514** | 0.1535* | 0.1549** | |
SEC | -0.0475 | -0.0532 | -0.0556 | -0.0487 | -0.0390 | -0.0449 | |
lnGDPR | MI | -0.0891*** | -0.0933*** | -0.0924*** | -0.0928*** | -0.1007*** | |
PEC | -0.0881* | -0.0829* | -0.0872* | -0.0816* | -0.0829** | ||
SEC | -0.0443 | -0.0444 | -0.0353 | -0.0218 | -0.0239 | ||
lnFIR | MI | 0.0143 | 0.0135 | -0.0113 | 0.0122 | -0.0213 | |
PEC | 0.0060 | -0.0013 | -0.0159 | 0.0093 | -0.0212 | ||
SEC | -0.0427* | -0.0373 | -0.0512 | -0.0355 | -0.0243 | ||
lnSUR | MI | 0.0014 | 0.0264 | ||||
PEC | 0.1003*** | 0.0903*** | |||||
SEC | -0.1141* | -0.1372** | |||||
lnER | MI | 0.2817** | 0.3291** | ||||
PEC | 0.3131* | 0.2863* | |||||
SEC | 0.0544 | 0.0057 | |||||
lnRI | MI | -0.0828 | -0.1958 | ||||
PEC | 0.1187 | -0.0078 | |||||
SEC | 0.2345* | 0.2759 | |||||
AR2 | MI | 0.534 | 0.441 | 0.498 | 0.274 | 0.455 | 0.272 |
PEC | 0.261 | 0.210 | 0.143 | 0.210 | 0.240 | 0.146 | |
SEC | 0.296 | 0.318 | 0.297 | 0.280 | 0.340 | 0.362 | |
Hansen | MI | 0.111 | 0.096 | 0.101 | 0.153 | 0.098 | 0.175 |
PEC | 0.301 | 0.267 | 0.320 | 0.333 | 0.273 | 0.388 | |
SEC | 0.256 | 0.244 | 0.265 | 0.279 | 0.290 | 0.271 |
注:*、**、***分别表示10%、5%、1%的水平上显著,下同。 |
表6 稳健性检验结果一Table 6 Robustness results (1) |
模型2 | 模型3 | 模型4 | 模型5 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Et-1 | MI | -0.1698 | -0.1506 | -0.2319 | -0.1562 |
PEC | -0.6432* | -0.6233** | -0.6260* | -0.6247* | |
SEC | -0.2524*** | -0.2527*** | -0.2644*** | -0.2444*** | |
lnTEC | MI | -0.0242 | -0.0215 | -0.0129 | -0.0279 |
PEC | 0.1391* | 0.1462* | 0.1417** | 0.1377* | |
SEC | -0.0362 | -0.0454 | -0.0387 | -0.0172 | |
lnSUR | MI | -0.0045 | |||
PEC | 0.0803** | ||||
SEC | -0.1272** | ||||
lnER | MI | 0.2493** | |||
PEC | 0.1881* | ||||
SEC | -0.0007 | ||||
lnRI | MI | -0.1187 | |||
PEC | -0.0743 | ||||
SEC | 0.2418* | ||||
控制变量 | 效率 | Y | Y | Y | Y |
AR2 | MI | 0.385 | 0.470 | 0.230 | 0.416 |
PEC | 0.220 | 0.176 | 0.203 | 0.268 | |
SEC | 0.295 | 0.307 | 0.269 | 0.324 | |
Hansen | MI | 0.093 | 0.098 | 0.138 | 0.096 |
PEC | 0.246 | 0.269 | 0.283 | 0.241 | |
SEC | 0.258 | 0.252 | 0.278 | 0.275 |
表7 稳健性检验结果二Table 7 Robustness results (2) |
模型2 | 模型3 | 模型4 | 模型5 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Et-1 | MI | -0.1698 | -0.1506 | -0.2319 | -0.1522 |
PEC | -0.6432* | -0.6233** | -0.6260* | -0.5231* | |
SEC | -0.2524*** | -0.2527*** | -0.2644*** | -0.2473*** | |
lnTEC | MI | -0.0242 | -0.0215 | -0.0129 | -0.0194 |
PEC | 0.1391* | 0.1462* | 0.1417** | 0.1388* | |
SEC | -0.0362 | -0.0454 | -0.0387 | -0.0493 | |
lnSUR | MI | -0.0045 | |||
PEC | 0.0803** | ||||
SEC | -0.1272** | ||||
lnER | MI | 0.2493** | |||
PEC | 0.1881* | ||||
SEC | -0.0007 | ||||
lnRI | MI | 0.1631 | |||
PEC | 0.3328 | ||||
SEC | 0.3166* | ||||
控制变量 | 效率 | Y | Y | Y | Y |
AR2 | MI | 0.385 | 0.470 | 0.230 | 0.435 |
PEC | 0.220 | 0.176 | 0.203 | 0.293 | |
SEC | 0.295 | 0.307 | 0.269 | 0.316 | |
Hansen | MI | 0.093 | 0.098 | 0.138 | 0.099 |
PEC | 0.246 | 0.269 | 0.283 | 0.367 | |
SEC | 0.258 | 0.252 | 0.278 | 0.252 |
表8 稳健性检验结果三Table 8 Robustness results (3) |
模型2 | 模型3 | 模型4 | 模型5 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Et-1 | MI | -0.1557 | -0.1449 | -0.2145 | -0.1470 |
PEC | -0.6635* | -0.6626** | -0.6234** | -0.6504* | |
SEC | -0.2463*** | -0.2540*** | -0.2585*** | -0.2402*** | |
lnTEC | MI | -0.0166 | -0.0149 | -0.0106 | -0.0185 |
PEC | 0.1467* | 0.1476* | 0.1514** | 0.1535* | |
SEC | -0.0532 | -0.0556 | -0.0487 | -0.0390 | |
lnSUR | MI | 0.0014 | |||
PEC | 0.1003*** | ||||
SEC | -0.1141* | ||||
lnER | MI | 0.2817** | |||
PEC | 0.3131* | ||||
SEC | 0.0544 | ||||
lnRI | MI | -0.0828 | |||
PEC | 0.1187 | ||||
SEC | 0.2345* | ||||
控制变量 | 效率 | Y | Y | Y | Y |
AR2 | MI | 0.441 | 0.498 | 0.274 | 0.455 |
PEC | 0.210 | 0.143 | 0.210 | 0.240 | |
SEC | 0.318 | 0.297 | 0.280 | 0.340 | |
Hansen | MI | 0.096 | 0.101 | 0.153 | 0.098 |
PEC | 0.267 | 0.320 | 0.333 | 0.273 | |
SEC | 0.244 | 0.265 | 0.279 | 0.290 |
[1] |
谭荣. 科学编制生态产品供给规划: 聚焦生态产品价值实现机制典型路径. 中国自然资源报, 2020-05-27(003).
[
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[2] |
丘水林, 靳乐山. 生态产品价值实现的政策缺陷及国际经验启示. 经济体制改革, 2019, (3): 157-162.
[
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[3] |
曾贤刚, 虞慧怡, 谢芳. 生态产品的概念、分类及其市场化供给机制. 中国人口·资源与环境, 2014, 24(7): 12-17.
[
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[4] |
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[5] |
Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. Ecosystems and Human Well-being:Synthesis. Washington, DC: Island Press, 2005: 7.
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[6] |
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[7] |
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[8] |
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[9] |
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[10] |
金铂皓, 黄锐, 冯建美, 等. 生态产品供给的内生动力机制释析: 基于完整价值回报与代际价值回报的双重视角. 中国土地科学, 2021, 35(7): 81-88.
[
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[11] |
谷中原, 谭洪. 生态文明视域下的优质生态产品协同供给. 人民论坛·学术前沿, 2021, (23): 132-134.
[
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[12] |
苏伟忠, 周佳, 彭棋, 等. 长江三角洲跨界流域生态产品交易机制: 以天目湖流域为例. 自然资源学报, 2022, 37(6): 1598-1608.
生态价值多元化实现是落实区域一体化生态保护格局的经济政策保障。针对当前生态产品交易制度不完善与市场活跃度问题,以天目湖流域水质净化服务产品为例,提出一条生态保护市场化与生态产品增值的双向促进道路:基于长序列监测数据与水文水质过程模型,提出流域生态保护基准概念及其约束下生态产品交易边界,精准核算基准年水质净化产品的可交易量为1.37 t,基准价格为1186.71万元/t/年;面向近10年产品实际供需主体的内在联系,揭示了“三类五种”生态产品交易机制类型,并选择设计了低端产品退出—高端产品激励的典型交易模式。生态产品交易实施为研究区生态价值实现提供市场化路径,为国内同类地区一体化生态保护格局保障提供思路。
[
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[13] |
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[14] |
吴强, 李淼, 高龙, 等. 社会资本参与流域综合治理的现状、问题和建议. 水利经济, 2019, 37(4): 23-26, 76.
[
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[15] |
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[16] |
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[17] |
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[18] |
Forests provide myriad ecosystem services that are vital to humanity. With climate change, we expect to see significant changes to forests that will alter the supply of these critical services and affect human well-being. To better understand the impacts of climate change on forest-based ecosystem services, we applied a data envelopment analysis method to assess plot-level efficiency in the provision of ecosystem services in Florida natural loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) forests. Using field data for n = 16 loblolly pine forest plots, including inputs such as site index, tree density, age, precipitation, and temperatures for each forest plot, we assessed the relative plot-level production of three ecosystem services: timber, carbon sequestered, and species richness. The results suggested that loblolly pine forests in Florida were largely inefficient in the provision of these ecosystem services under current climatic conditions. Climate change had a small negative impact on the loblolly pine forests efficiency in the provision of ecosystem services. In this context, we discussed the reduction of tree density that may not improve ecosystem services production.
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[19] |
The supply capacity of ecosystem services (ES) in the past decades has shown a significant decrease globally, while ES demand capacity has increased. Identifying the spatial mismatch of ES supply and demand (ES S&D) can provide valuable knowledge about where the gaps are. Existing studies, however, lack specifics about the spatial mismatch of ES S&D-that is, few studies consider the coupling and decoupling relationship of ES S&D at the national scale. This study tries to fill the gap by examining the spatiotemporal distribution of ES S&D capacity in China from 2000 through 2020 using the land use/land cover matrix method. The spatial mismatch between ES S&D was ultimately identified by using coupling and decoupling analysis models. A continuous increase was found in the ES demand capacity in China during the period studied, while a continuous decline was found in the ES supply capacity. The coupling degree of the ES S&D was relatively higher in the plains areas. The strong negative decoupling was the dominant relationship between ES S&D, which was widely distributed in eastern and southeastern China. The spatial mismatch of ES S&D in China has increased substantially from 2000 through 2020. The findings in this study provide important implications for ES management and effective allocation of resources.© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[20] |
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[21] |
Ecosystem services are being protected and restored worldwide through payments for ecosystem services in which participants are paid to alter their land-management approaches to benefit the environment. The efficiency of such investments depends on the design of the payment scheme. Land features have been used to measure the environmental benefits of and amount of payment for land enrollment in payment for ecosystem services schemes. Household characteristics of program participants, however, may also be important in the targeting of land for enrollment. We used the characteristics of households participating in China's Grain-to-Green program, and features of enrolled land to examine the targeting of land enrollment in that program in Wolong Nature Reserve. We compared levels of environmental benefits that can be obtained through cost-effective targeting of land enrollment for different types of benefits under different payment schemes. The efficiency of investments in a discriminative payment scheme (payments differ according to opportunity costs, i.e., landholders' costs of forgoing alternative uses of land) was substantially higher than in a flat payment scheme (same price paid to all participants). Both optimal targeting and suboptimal targeting of land enrollment for environmental benefits achieved substantially more environmental benefits than random selection of land for enrollment. Our results suggest that cost-effective targeting of land through the use of discriminative conservation payments can substantially improve the efficiency of investments in the Grain-to-Green program and other payment for ecosystem services programs.© 2010 Society for Conservation Biology.
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[22] |
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[23] |
朱颖, 张滨, 倪红伟, 等. 基于公共产品供给理论的森林生态产品产出效率比较分析. 林业经济问题, 2018, 38(2): 25-32, 102.
[
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[24] |
张洪瑞, 吕洁华. 森林生态产品供给的投入产出效率分析: 以东北重点国有林区为例. 经济问题, 2017, (9): 87-94.
[
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[25] |
贺义雄, 张怡卉, 李春林. 基于RSBM-DEA模型的舟山市水生态产品供给效率及影响因素研究. 水资源保护, 2022, 38(4): 195-203.
[
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[26] |
郑晶, 于浩. 供给侧改革视角下中国省域生态产品有效供给及影响因素. 应用生态学报, 2018, 29(10): 3326-3336.
生态产品是事关人类生命健康、经济社会建设的世界性稀缺产品.为了更好地分析生态产品有效供给问题,找出生态产品有效供给的规模效率的变化规律,本研究利用2004—2015年的面板数据,以劳动力、资本、能源和技术为投入变量,以GDP、生态产品和非期望产出为产出变量,运用SBM-Undesirable模型和泰尔指数对我国生态产品有效供给的规模效率及其差异性进行测算,并运用Tobit模型进一步对其影响因素进行实证分析.结果表明: 我国生态产品供给规模效率在2011年以前呈下降趋势,以2012年为转折点呈现上升态势,但地区间仍有较大差距.全国及各地区生态产品有效供给效率的影响因素不尽相同,从全国总体情况看,经济发展水平、产业结构(第二产业增加值占GDP比重)、科技投入、金融资本投入(环境污染治理占GDP比重)、能源消费结构(煤炭消费量占能源消费总量比重)和农业面源污染的影响为负,而生态空间及外贸结构的影响为正;在东部地区,产业结构、科技投入、金融资本、能源消费结构和农业面源污染的影响为负,经济发展水平、生态空间及外贸结构的影响为正;在东北地区,经济发展水平、农业面源污染和外贸结构的影响为负,产业结构、科技投入、能源消费结构和生态空间的影响为正;在中部地区,经济发展水平、科技投入、金融资本、能源消费结构、农业面源污染和生态空间的影响为负,产业结构和外贸结构的影响为正;在西部地区,产业结构、能源消费结构和农业面源污染的影响为负,经济发展水平、科技投入、金融资本、生态空间及外贸结构的影响为正.在进一步对以上实证测算进行理论分析的基础上,从供给侧改革的角度提出有效提高生态产品供给规模效率的政策启示,包括注重转变经济发展方式、优化生态系统结构和遵循生态法则进行整体治理等.
[
Eco-product is scarce product with consequences on human health, economy and society all over the world. In order to understand the effective supply of eco-product and figure out its law of scale efficiency, panel data from 2004 to 2015 with labor force, capital, resource, and energy source was carefully selected as the input variables and GDP, sustainable product, and undesirable output as the output variables, the scale efficiency and its differences of effective supply of eco-product in China were measured in this study. SBM-Undesirable model, Theil index, and the model of Tobit were used to analyze the driving factors. The results showed that there was a downward trend in scale efficiency of China’s eco-products before 2011, and an upward trend with obvious inter-regional differences since 2012. The influence factors of supply efficiency of eco-product greatly varied among different regions. Overall, some factors had negative influences, including the values of economic development level, industrial structure (the proportion of secondary industry’s increase in GDP), science and technology input, financial capital input (the proportion of environment pollution control investment in GDP), energy consumption structure (the proportion of coal consumption in overall energy consumption), and agricultural non-point source pollution. Some factors had positive influences, such as eco-space and foreign trade structure. In Eastern China, factors such as industrial structure, science and technology input, financial capital, energy consumption structure and agricultural non-point source pollution had negative impacts, while the factors of economic development level, eco-space and foreign trade structure had positive impacts. In Northeast China, the factors of economic development level, financial capital, agricultural non-point source pollution and foreign trade structure had negative impacts, while the factors of industrial structure, science and technology input, energy consumption structure and eco-space had positive impacts. In Central China, the factors of economic development level, science and technology input, financial capital, energy consumption structure, agricultural non-point source pollution and eco-space had negative impacts, while the factors of industrial structure and foreign trade structure had positive impacts. In Western China, the factors of industrial structure, energy consumption structure, and agricultural non-point source pollution had negative impacts, while the factors of economic development level, science and technology input, financial capital, eco-space, and foreign trade structure had positive impacts. Based on further theoretical analysis of above-mentioned empirical measurement, some poli-cy implications were put forward for effectively improving the efficiency of eco-product supply from the angle of supply-side reforming, which included emphasizing the transitions mode of sustainable economy, optimizing ecosystem structure, and managing ecosystem as a whole according to natural laws.
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[27] |
彭文英, 尉迟晓娟. 京津冀生态产品供给能力提升及价值实现路径. 中国流通经济, 2021, 35(8): 49-60.
[
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[28] |
王夏晖, 朱振肖, 牟雪洁, 等. 区域景观规划: 增强优质生态产品供给能力的重要途径. 环境保护, 2021, 49(13): 54-57.
[
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[29] |
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[30] |
胡森林, 鲍涵, 郝均, 等. 环境规制对长三角城市绿色发展的影响: 基于技术创新的作用路径分析. 自然资源学报, 2022, 37(6): 1572-1585.
环境规制与绿色发展的关系及其作用机制是复杂且有争议的议题。基于长三角41个地级及以上城市2003—2018年的面板数据,首先科学构建绿色发展水平测度的指标体系,计算各城市的绿色发展水平及空间动态演变;其次,借鉴可拓展随机性的环境影响评估模型(STIRPAT),构建面板计量模型,深入探究环境规制对城市绿色发展的影响。研究发现:(1)长三角地区环境规制和绿色发展水平均呈上升趋势,但区域差异显著,绿色发展水平从东南向西北,呈现圈层式递减态势,而环境规制强度重心经历了由东南向西北转移的演变。(2)总体上,环境规制显著影响城市绿色发展,两者间存在倒“U”型关系,即过强的环境规制会抑制城市绿色发展水平的提升。(3)环境规制与技术创新之间存在紧密的联动关系,即环境规制主要通过技术创新这一中介路径促进城市绿色发展转型,其中介效应占总效应的比例约为50.1%。因此,在推动长三角一体化高质量发展过程中,应该根据城市绿色发展效率来制定本地的环境规制,并重视提升本地的技术创新水平,进而实现城市绿色发展转型的目标。
[
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[31] |
OECD. Eco-innovation in Industry: Enabling Green Growth. Paris, France: OECD, 2010: 15-16.
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[32] |
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[33] |
郑京海, 胡鞍钢. 中国改革时期省际生产率增长变化的实证分析(1979—2001). 经济学(季刊), 2005, 4(2): 263-296.
[
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[34] |
姚战琪. 生产率增长与要素再配置效应: 中国的经验研究. 经济研究, 2009, 44(11): 130-143.
[
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[35] |
时小琳, 石德金, 戴永务, 等. 补贴政策对农户油茶生产效率影响的实证分析. 福建论坛: 人文社会科学版, 2016, (6): 188-194.
[
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[36] |
江晓敏, 郑旭媛, 洪燕真, 等. 补贴政策、家庭禀赋特征与林业经营规模效率: 以324份油茶微观调研数据为例. 东南学术, 2017, (5): 174-181.
[
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[37] |
邱少俊, 徐淑升, 王浩聪. 生态银行实践对生态产品价值实现的启示: 以福建南平的试点探索为例. 中国土地, 2021, (6): 43-45.
[
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[38] |
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[39] |
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[40] |
施卓敏, 郑婉怡. 面子文化中消费者生态产品偏好的眼动研究. 管理世界, 2017, 33(9): 129-140, 169.
[
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[41] |
徐宁宁, 郭英之, 柳红波. 文化认同对游客环境责任行为的影响: 一个链式中介模型. 干旱区资源与环境, 2021, 35(8): 199-208.
[
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[42] |
蓝庆新, 陈超凡. 制度软化、公众认同对大气污染效率的影响. 中国人口·资源与环境, 2015, 25(9): 145-152.
[
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[43] |
宋文飞. 中国地区生态非正式制度对生态文明建设效率的溢出效应分析. 华东经济管理, 2019, 33(7): 52-60.
[
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[44] |
任保平, 钞小静. 工业反哺农业、城市带动乡村: 长江三角洲地区的经验及其对西部的启示. 西北大学学报: 哲学社会科学版, 2006, 36(2): 11-18.
[
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[45] |
刘玲, 许润, 高星汉. 资源发反哺与制度安排对知识移民有偿继承宅基地意愿的影响. 资源科学, 2021, 43(7): 1348-1360.
探索知识移民宅基地有偿继承意愿,对破解农村宅基地长期闲置困境、推动宅基地制度改革具有一定意义。基于发达地区与欠发达地区6省市的612个知识移民样本数据,运用统计分析与多项无序Logistic回归模型对知识移民的宅基地有偿继承意愿及影响因素进行探讨。结果表明:①知识移民的年龄、性别、城镇户籍、居住时间、宅基地继承权利认知会正向影响宅基地有偿继承意愿,目前工作地点对宅基地有偿继承意愿有负向影响;②资源禀赋中,较好的个人资源禀赋和较差的家庭资源禀赋都会降低知识移民的宅基地有偿继承意愿,而优越的自然资源禀赋能显著增强宅基地有偿继承意愿;③制度安排中,合理的有偿继承费用会增加知识移民有偿继承意愿,无偿退出政策会刺激知识移民接受宅基地的有偿继承,有偿退出政策则会降低有偿继承意愿;④资源“反哺”行为中,知识移民直接的货币投入和适当的社交投入能增强其有偿继承意愿。基于此,提出吸引知识移民资源“反哺”、合理制定有偿继承价格等政策建议。
[
It is of great significance to explore the willingness of intellectual immigrants to pay for the inheritance of homesteads for solving the predicament of long-term disuse of rural homesteads and promoting the reform of homestead system. Based on a survey of 612 intellectual immigrants from 6 provinces and cities in developed and underdeveloped regions, this study analyzed the willingness of intellectual immigrants to pay for the inheritance of homesteads and its influencing factors by employing statistical analysis and a disordered multi-class logistic regression model. The results show that: (1) Intellectual immigrants’ age, gender, urban household registration, residence time, and homestead inheritance rights cognition positively affect their willingness to inherit the homesteads, and the current work location has a negative impact on the willingness to inherit the homesteads; (2) In terms of resource endowment, a better personal resource endowment and a poor family resource endowment reduce the willingness to pay for homestead inheritance of intellectual immigrants, while the better the natural resource endowment, the stronger the willingness to pay for homestead inheritance; (3) In terms of the institutional arrangement, reasonable paid inheritance costs increase the willingness of intellectual immigrants to pay for inheritance, a free of compensation exiting policy will stimulate intellectual immigrants to accept paid inheritance of homesteads, and a paid exiting policy will reduce their willingness to pay for inheritance; (4) The willingness to pay for inheritance also can be enhanced by the feeding resources back behavior of intellectual immigrants, such as through direct currency input and appropriate social support. Therefore, a policy recommendation is made that the government should attract intellectual immigrants to feed resources back and reasonably set prices for compensated use or inheritance. {{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[46] |
粟后发. 乡土韧性与城乡回路: 精英反哺的社会文化动因及影响. 社会学评论, 2022, 10(4): 204-221.
[
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[47] |
童潇. 工业反哺农业的“复合型”转向与欠发达农村社区的再建设: 城乡一体化、统筹城乡发展与社会建设的视角. 甘肃社会科学, 2012, (2): 50-54.
[
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[48] |
曾龙, 付振奇. 中国城乡收入差距对农业生产率的影响: 基于农村劳动力转移与农村居民收入的双重视角. 江汉论坛, 2021, (11): 15-24.
[
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[49] |
谢高地, 甄霖, 鲁春霞, 等. 一个基于专家知识的生态系统服务价值化方法. 自然资源学报, 2008, 23(5): 911-919.
[
Valuation of global ecosystem services by R Costanza(1997)has attracted attention of the Chinese ecological researchers over the years. And many Chinese scientists have been using the methods to valuate the ecosystem services for forest, grassland and farmland ecosystems. However, it has been turned out that there are several shortcomings in direct adaptation of the methods, for instance, some ecosystem services have been insufficiently valuated or even ignored via using Costanza’s method. To fill this gap, we have, on the basis of Costanza’s method, developed a new method or 'unit value’ based method for assessment of ecosystem services. Expert interviews with structured questionnaire were contacted in 2002 and 2007 respectively, and altogether 700 Chinese ecologists were involved in the interviews for testing the method. It has been found that the values of ecosystem services from expert knowledge based unit value method and biomass based method are comparative. Therefore, expert knowledge based assessment of ecosystem services could be used as a method for assessing ecosystem services with known land use areas, and a good result could be generated within a short period of time. However, for scientifically sound and concrete results, the spatial disparity of ecosystem services should be taken into account.
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[50] |
魏慧, 赵文武, 张骁, 等. 基于土地利用变化的区域生态系统服务价值评价: 以山东省德州市为例. 生态学报, 2017, 37(11): 3830-3839.
[
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[51] |
王若思, 潘洪义, 刘翊涵, 等. 基于动态当量的乐山市生态系统服务价值时空演变及驱动力研究. 生态学报, 2022, 42(1): 76-90.
[
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[52] |
高奇, 师学义, 黄勤, 等. 区域土地利用变化的生态系统服务价值响应. 中国人口·资源与环境, 2013, 23(s2): 308-312.
[
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[53] |
谢高地, 张彩霞, 张雷明, 等. 基于单位面积价值当量因子的生态系统服务价值化方法改进. 自然资源学报, 2015, 30(8): 1243-1254.
[
Ecosystem service value is the base of decision-making for ecological protection, ecological regionalization and ecological compensation, and it appears the dynamic spatio-temporal changes which are closely connected with the variations of ecological structure and function. However, it is still lack of a universal and integrated dynamic evaluation method for ecosystem service value in China. Based on literature survey, expert knowledge, statistical data and remote sensing data, using model simulations and GIS spatial analysis method, this paper modified and developed the method for evaluating the value equivalent factor in unit area, and proposed an integrated method for dynamic evaluation on Chinese terrestrial ecosystem service value. This method can realize the comprehensive and dynamic assessment of ecosystem service value for 11 service types of 14 different types of terrestrial ecosystem at monthly and provincial scales in China. The preliminary application indicated that the total ecosystem service value was 38.1×10<sup>12</sup> yuan in 2010, in which the value from forest ecosystem was the highest, accounting for about 46%, followed by water body and grassland. Among different ecosystem service types, the contribution from regulation function was the highest, especially the values from hydrological regulation and atmospheric regulation which accounted for about 39.3% and 18.0% of total service value, respectively. Moreover, ecosystem service value presented apparent spatio-temporal patterns in China. Spatially, the ecosystem service value decreased from southeast to northwest and the highest value appeared in southeastern and southwestern regions. Temporally, the ecosystem service value for most of the ecosystems attained the peak in July and reached the trough during December and January except desert, barren and glacier ecosystem. Generally, although this established method still needs to be developed and optimized, it is the first to provide a relatively comprehensive approach for the spatio-temporal dynamic evaluation of ecosystem service value in China, which will be helpful to the scientific decision-making on natural capital rating and ecological compensation.
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[54] |
宗振利, 廖直东. 中国省际三次产业资本存量再估算: 1978—2011. 贵州财经大学学报, 2014, (3): 8-16.
[
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[55] |
马国霞, 於方, 王金南, 等. 中国2015年陆地生态系统生产总值核算研究. 中国环境科学, 2017, 37(4): 1474-1482.
[
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[56] |
肖建红, 王敏, 刘娟, 等. 基于生态标签制度的海洋生态产品生态补偿标准区域差异化研究. 自然资源学报, 2016, 31(3): 402-412.
[
Marine fisheries' eco-label schemes are used to research the regional difference of ecological compensation standards (ECSs) for the marine fisheries' eco-label products (MFEPs) using two island tourist destinations as typical cases. The results indicated that: 1) 93.41% of respondents in Putuo District of Zhoushan City would like to pay for the MFEPs, and it is 95.90% in Changdao County of Yantai City. Moreover, the respondents in the two destinations would be willing to pay higher prices for the MFEPs than for the ordinary seafood products. 2) In Zhoushan destination, the ECSs undertaken by tourists from Zhejiang Province, Jiangsu Province and Shanghai City, Anhui-Jiangxi-Fujian-Henan-Hunan-Hubei-Shandong pro-vinces, and the other provinces are 10.53, 10.98, 11.03 and 11.18 yuan per kilogram, or 14.39, 17.59, 20.54 and 22.87 yuan per person, respectively. The ecological compensation funds were 1.035 8×10<sup>8</sup> yuan in 2013 by marine fisheries' eco-label schemes. 3) In Changdao destination, the ECSs undertaken by tourists from Shandong Province, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei-Shanxi-Henan provinces, and the other provinces are 10.86, 12.85 and 13.70 per kilogram, or 13.26, 17.57 and 17.56 yuan per person. The ecological compensation funds were 0.207 0×10<sup>8</sup> yuan in 2013 by marine fisheries' eco-label schemes. The study found that the regional difference of ECSs exist in two destinations.
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[57] |
周玲强, 程兴火, 周天斌. 生态旅游认证产品支付意愿研究: 基于浙江省四个景区旅游者的实证分析. 经济地理, 2006, 26(1): 140-144.
[
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[58] |
李江帆, 李美云. 旅游产业与旅游增加值的测算. 旅游学刊, 1999, 14(5): 16-19, 76.
[
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[59] |
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
{{custom_ref.label}} |
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
/
〈 |
|
〉 |