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    Special Column:Celebration of the 70th Anniversary of IGSNRR, CAS
  • Special Column:Celebration of the 70th Anniversary of IGSNRR, CAS
    EVALUATION OF THE NATURAL PRODUCTIVITY POTENTIAL OF THE DRY FARMING ON THE LOESS PLATEAU AND DISCUSSION OF THE OUTLET OF THE DRY FARMING
    Zhang Qinwen, Shang Zhibin, Xu Jiquang
    1989, 4(1): 4-11. https://doi.org/10.11849/zrzyxb.1989.01.002
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    This paper used the theory of systems engineering and comlined the theory with practice to evaluate the main factors (include the land, sunlight, heat, and natural precipitation) of the natural ecological system of the dry farming on the Loess Plateau in terms of the potential productivity. And thereupon a scientific basis for exploiting the natural productivity potential of the dry farming in the region was proposed. This paper also analysed the controllable and uncontrollable factors of the ecological and economical system of theory farming and discuss-sed various forms of the reproductive behaviors of human economy. According to these studies, it made a scientific explanation for the great potential in the natural productivity of the dry land and for a common saying that "the poorer a man becomes the more land he reclaims ;and the more land a man reclaims, the peorer he becomes," which is concluded from historical facts. At last, it put forward a way of thinking that may be practical and worth choice in exploiting the agricultural resources of the dry land.
  • Special Column:Celebration of the 70th Anniversary of IGSNRR, CAS
    ON ESTABLISHING A OPEN SYSTEM TO DEVELOPE AGRICULTURE IN THE NORTHWEST SEMI-ARID REGION IN CHINA
    Liu Xunhao
    1989, 4(1): 12-18. https://doi.org/10.11849/zrzyxb.1989.01.003
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    The northwest semi-arid negion is one of the most undeveloped zones in China. It is characterized by the closed or simi-closed traditional organic farming with very low input, inefficient function and low output.In this paper several controvcrtille models of agriculture are discussed and some priciples for establishing a open system and concrete suggestions for developing production are presented.
  • Special Column:Celebration of the 70th Anniversary of IGSNRR, CAS
    THE PRODUCTIVE POTENTIAL OF PRECIPITATION OF DRY FARMING AND ITS EXPLOIRATION IN THE SEMIARID AND SUBHUMID AREAS OF NORTHWESTERN LOESS PLATEAU
    Wang Lixiang, Wang Liufang, Fan Fangqiang, Li Shunchang, Li Yongping
    1989, 4(1): 19-26. https://doi.org/10.11849/zrzyxb.1989.01.004
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    The efficiency of Soil Moisture Consumption (ESMC) and the Productive Potential of Precipitation (PPP) of several mainly planted crops in different agrometeorological areas of Northwestern Loess Plateau are obtained from both the field trial of fertilizer and calculat-nig with the formula recommended by FAO. Results show that PPP of dry farming in the Loess Plateau, though lower than the Productive Potential of Hearer irrigation farming, is rather, great and varies as soil fertility changes, i.e., ESMC and crop yield are closely interrela-ted with soil fertility. Studies indicate that, although drought often threats agriculture in Loess PJateau, lowness soil fertility is a more direct limiting factor. Thus to better soil fertility is a important way to bring the potential productivity into real productivity.
  • Special Column:Celebration of the 70th Anniversary of IGSNRR, CAS
    THE RESOURCES EXPLOITATION OF THE SHANXI-CENTERED ENERGY BASE
    Liu Zaixing
    1989, 4(1): 27-36. https://doi.org/10.11849/zrzyxb.1989.01.005
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    The Shanxi-centered energy base refers to a huge region including the whole of Shanii Province and Ningxa Autonomus Region, the aiea north of the Qingling Mountains in Sheasi Province, the area west of the Beijing-Kwangtung railway line in Henan Province, the central and western parts of Inner Mongolia Autonomus Region. Shanxi is the most- important part of the region will abundant in energy sources, particularly coal. Hence the name the Shanxi-centered energy base.In this paper four aspects are discussed:1. The strategic significance of resources exploitation of the baseIt is aimed at two goals. The first goal is to adjust on a large scale the spatial lagout of the national energy sources and the enegy-consnming raw material industries. This will promote the optimum combination of resources, products and sale. The second goal is to lay solid foundations for expanding economic development gradually to the further west of the country.2. The superiority of the baseThis base has superiority in the following respects: abundant energy sources and mineral resources, favoralle geographical location, good foundation for developing industries, and its unique position in the movement of the national industries from east to west.3. The procedure of resources exploitationThe first step is to put stress on Shanxi, the western part of Henan and the Guanzhong area of Shensi. The second step is to expand the exploitation gradually to the western part of Inner Mongolia, the northern part of Shensi, and Ningxa. The overall contrivance of the layout of instries is also discussed. 4. The major problems and the countermeasuresIn fulfilling the development project there are three major problems: insufficient trans-port, shortage of water resources, and the possible environment deterioration. To cope with these problems, it is necessary to strengthen the improvement of transport facilities, adjust the structure of industries and the structure of water consumption, carry out ecological agriculture, etc.
  • Special Column:Celebration of the 70th Anniversary of IGSNRR, CAS
    BAISN FACYORS OF THE IMPACT OF FOREST ON RIVER RUNOFF
    Zhang Tianzeng
    1989, 4(1): 37-45. https://doi.org/10.11849/zrzyxb.1989.01.006
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    About the impact of forest on the river runoff, many experiments in small areas and small river basins have been made at home and abroad. The experimental results show that deforesta-tion makes runoff increase and that, on the contrary, raising forest vegetation ratemakes runoff decrease. However, in large river basins it is not surely the case mentoned above. Therefore, it is not suitable to apply the consequence of the experimnt in small areas to large river basins, In short, the impact of tree planting and grass plating or deforestation on the total amount of water in large basins is rather complicated. In order to know what makes water quantity in a large basin decrease, increase or remain almost unchanged, detailed investigation and observation should be made on the related natural conditions (basin factors) of the basins. Simple expreiments carried out in small areas cannot provide a correct answer.
  • Special Column:Celebration of the 70th Anniversary of IGSNRR, CAS
    AN ESTIMATION OF CLIMATIC POTENTIAL OF RICE AND POPULATION CARRYING CAPACITY IN HAINAN ISLAND
    Zhou Zhaodc
    1989, 4(1): 46-53. https://doi.org/10.11849/zrzyxb.1989.01.007
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    On the basis of the natural superiority of Hainan Island, this paper using the agroecological method of climatic potential productivity which FAO introduced in "the Relation between Production and Water":calculated the climatic potential productivity of rice. And on the basis of the present situation of the production of. rice and the population of Hainan Island, it using the GM(1, 1) forecast mold in the grey system:calculated and investigated the problem of population bearing capacity of the production of rice at present and in the future. It tries to reveal the present situation, problems, and prospects of development of the production of rice to provide a scientific basis for production, consumption, and purchase of rice in the Island.
  • Special Column:Celebration of the 70th Anniversary of IGSNRR, CAS
    THE RELATION BETWEEN THE YIELD OF NATURAL MEADOW AND CLIMATIC FACTORS AND ESTIMATION OF YIELD OF ARTIFICIAL MEADOW
    Hou Guangliang, Chen Shenbin, Liu Yunfen
    1989, 4(1): 54-59. https://doi.org/10.11849/zrzyxb.1989.01.008
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    In this paper, informations of meadow yield of Ningxia region are utilized to analyse the relation between yield and climatic factors. Results show that moisture factor is the main factor for yield ehange. Checking against actual conditions for this region, the empirical coefficient (k = 0.9) for calculating dry weight of Alfalfa is replaced by k = 1.2. Then the maximum gields of both the meadown under fullirrigtion condition and the meadow under natural rain-fead condition are calculated. The results of this study may provide some scientific basic information for planning and construction of animal husbandry production bases in this region.
  • Special Column:Celebration of the 70th Anniversary of IGSNRR, CAS
    A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF THE OUTBURST FLOODS IN THE YARKANT RIVER, XINJIANG AUTONOMOUS REGION
    Wang Zhichao, Chen Yaning, You Xiyao
    1989, 4(1): 60-70. https://doi.org/10.11849/zrzyxb.1989.01.009
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    The Yarkant River which originates from the Karakoram Mountains is the third Largest river in Xinjiang. The outburst floods often occurring in this river in recent years create hazards to human population, however, the problem about what makes the flood occur has not been solved yet.The purpose of this paper is to explore the major problems concerning the outburst floods.The first problem is to analyze the characteristics of these floods according to their basic features, their distribution in space and time, their situation of evolution, and the statistics of the flood peak and its magnitude.The second problem is that by comparing and analyzing the local meteorological information, the geomorphic condition and the features of these outburst floods, the idea is advanced that these outuburst floods are caused by discharge of the blocked lakes, not by torrential rains. They are different from the normal floods of glacial origin.The third problem is that with the help of air photograph taken in 1976 and the expedition for examining the traces of the floods in the Shaksgam valley, it is bound that the source of the floods is the Kyagar Thso lake blocked lake and Teram Kangri glacier located at the upper end of the Shaksgam vallay.A final problem is to point out that extent of the blocked lake is being reduced because the Kyagar glacier is declining, and to suggeste how to prevent this kind of floods.
  • Special Column:Celebration of the 70th Anniversary of IGSNRR, CAS
    A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF THE STRUCTURE OF LAND USE IN JINCHUAN COUNTY,SICHUAN PROVINCE
    Liu Xizhong
    1989, 4(1): 71-78. https://doi.org/10.11849/zrzyxb.1989.01.010
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    Jinchuan County is situated in the transitional rigion between the Qinghai-Xizang plateau and the deep gorges area of the Hengduan Mountains. Here the structure of land utilization is evidently of three dimensions. Destruction of forests and reclamation of waste land have constantly been changing the status of land use. How to use the lands rationally becomes an outstanding problem at the present time. Based on the present land use map on the scale 1:200,000 and the related data before 1984, a preliminary study of the land use structure in the typical region was made. This thesis emphatically analysed the structure of land use and the adjustment of the structure of land use.
  • Special Column:Celebration of the 70th Anniversary of IGSNRR, CAS
    ON PRINCIPLES AND MATHEMATICAL MODELS FOR DETERMINING THE OPTIMAL ROTATIONAL FELLING PERIOD OF FORESTS
    Wang Bennan
    1989, 4(1): 79-86. https://doi.org/10.11849/zrzyxb.1989.01.011
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    Determining the optimal rotational felling period, for both natural and artificial forests, was and still is one of the most important problem in forest management. But the questions such as how to determine it, what principles to base on, or what models to use, etc. are still problems.In this paper, the author tried to explore the principles, acording to which the optimal rotational felling period can be determined. Here five basic principles-productive, economic, ecological, social and systematic-were proposed.Since the function of forest is multi-effect, not single, so generally speaking, the rotational felling period is a multiobjective programme:According to this general model, different mathematical models can be deduced from different streesed point.Finally, some simple mathematical models were discussed.