西南喀斯特典型区国土空间功能质量评价及耦合协调分析——以广南县为例

doi:10.31497/zrzyxb.20210913

Abstract

Abstract:

Urban function, agricultural function, and ecological function make up the entire territorial spatial function system. Scientifically grasping the quality of regional territorial spatial functions and deeply revealing their coupling coordinated relationships is an important basis for achieving sustainable development of territorial space. In order to explore the development status of territorial spatial functions in karst areas of Southwest China and their characteristics of spatial structures, Guangnan, a typical karst county, was taken as a study area. Based on the construction of urban, agricultural, and ecological function evaluation index systems, the paper evaluated the function quality and its spatial characteristics with the help of comprehensive evaluation method and exploratory spatial data analysis method, used coupling coordinated degree model to examine the coupling coordinated status of territorial spatial functions, and further explored the territorial space development of coordinated development of urban-agricultural-ecological functions. The results showed that: (1) The urban function quality and agricultural function quality showed mainly low values, and the ecological function quality had mainly high values. The low and high values of comprehensive function quality tended to be evenly distributed. And the spatial distribution of different functional qualities was different. (2) The development of all the four territorial spatial function qualities had a positive correlation, which was mainly "high-high" and "low-low" agglomerations, and there were differences in geographical distribution. (3) Territorial spatial functions in karst areas had a great influence on each other, and the distribution of low- and high-coupling areas was significantly different. Of all the functions, the coupling degree was the lowest in the fuction of construction land. (4) The coupling coordinated relationship of territorial space functions could be divided into four levels from imbalance to coordination, and the differences in their spatial distribution were similar to the differences in the territorial spatial comprehensive function quality. The countermeasures of territorial space coupling coordination areas could effectively promote the sustainable development of territorial space for karst areas, and improve the territorial space function quality in karst areas. The results of this research provide references for territorial spatial balanced development and optimized regulation in karst areas of Southwest China.

Key words: territorial space, evaluation of functional quality, coupling coordination, karst areas, Guangnan county

LI Si-nan, ZHAO Xiao-qing, PU Jun-wei, WANG Qian, MIAO Pei-pei, TAN Kun. Territorial space function quality evaluation and coupling coordination analysis in typical karst areas of Southwest China: A case study of Guangnan county[J].JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2021, 36(9): 2350-2367.

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目标	准则	指标	单位	获取方式	趋向	权重
城镇功能质量	经济效益产出	经济密度	万元/km²	GDP/土地总面积	+	0.0497
	经济效益产出	GDP增长率	%	资料收集	+	0.0676
	社会发展	人口密度	人/km²	人口总数/土地总面积	+	0.0361
		劳动人口比例	%	劳动人口数/人口总数	+	0.0563
		新增外来人口数量	人	资料收集	+	0.0619
		农业转城镇人口数量	人	资料收集	+	0.0703
		城镇空间利用效率	%	DEA	+	0.0813
		城镇化率	%	资料收集	+	0.0521
	承载能力	社会经济承载力		模糊综合评价法	+	0.0502
	承载能力	资源环境承载力		模糊综合评价法	+	0.0521
	生活保障	水资源供需比例	%	资料收集	+	0.0448
		人均粮食占有量	kg/人	粮食总产量/人口总数	+	0.0428
		基础设施完善度	%	资料收集	+	0.0711
		公共服务设施覆盖度	%	公共服务设施面积/土地总面积	+	0.0626
	区位条件	距城镇建设用地距离	m	欧氏距离	-	0.0856
		距交通干线距离	m	欧氏距离	-	0.0323
		距石漠化重度区距离	m	欧氏距离	+	0.0832

目标层	准则层	指标层	单位	获取方式	趋向	权重
农业功能质量	气候条件	年平均温度	℃	气象站点插值	+	0.1252
	气候条件	年总降雨量	mm	气象站点插值	+	0.0557
	区位条件	距农村居民点距离	m	欧氏距离	-	0.0140
		距一般道路距离	m	欧氏距离	-	0.0783
		距现状耕地距离	m	欧氏距离	-	0.0129
	资源与效益产出	土地垦殖率	%	耕地面积/土地总面积	+	0.0516
		粮食单产	t/km²	粮食总产量/耕地面积	+	0.0417
		人均耕地面积	m²/人	耕地面积/人口总数	+	0.0427
		第一产业产值占比	%	第一产业产值/GDP	+	0.0218
	耕作与土壤条件	灌溉保证率	%	资料收集	+	0.1090
		有机质含量	g/kg	资料收集	+	0.0240
		全氮含量	g/kg	资料收集	+	0.0217
		有效磷含量	mg/kg	资料收集	+	0.1000
		速效钾含量	mg/kg	资料收集	+	0.0654
		有效锌含量	mg/kg	资料收集	+	0.0628
		水溶态硼含量	mg/kg	资料收集	+	0.0467
		土层厚度	cm	资料收集	+	0.0206
		耕地质量等级		资料收集	+	0.0827
		土壤pH值		资料收集	+	0.0232

目标层	准则层	指标层	单位	获取方式	趋向	权重
生态功能质量	生态敏感性	土壤侵蚀量	t/km²	RUSLE	+	0.0793
		生境质量指数		HQI	+	0.1025
		环境承载力		模糊综合评价法	+	0.0288
		生态脆弱度		CASA	+	0.0748
		岩石裸露度		遥感提取	+	0.0695
		景观分离度		Fragstats提取	+	0.0430
	生态重要性	水源涵养量	m³/km²	降水储存	+	0.0846
		水网密度		（水库+河流+湖泊面积）/土地总面积	+	0.0492
		生物多样性指数		Shannon-Wiener	+	0.1123
		植被净初级生产力	g C/(m²·a)	NPP	+	0.0943
		植被覆盖度	%	NDVI	+	0.0694
		生态系统服务价值		ESV	+	0.0585
		生态用地斑块密度		Fragstats提取	+	0.0342
		景观结构指数		Fragstats提取	+	0.0287
		生态用地恢复率	%	遥感解译	+	0.0709

耦合协调区间	区间类型	取值范围	耦合协调类型
不可接受区间	失调	[0, 0.1)	极度失调
		[0.1, 0.2)	严重失调
		[0.2, 0.3)	中度失调
		[0.3, 0.4)	轻度失调
过渡区间		[0.4, 0.5)	濒临失调
过渡区间	协调	[0.5, 0.6)	勉强协调
可接受区间		[0.6, 0.7)	轻度协调
		[0.7, 0.8)	中度协调
		[0.8, 0.9)	良好协调
		[0.9, 1]	优质协调

功能类型	质量等级
功能类型	低	较低	一般	较高	高
城镇功能	33.87	31.49	23.57	9.3	1.77
农业功能	17.96	25.72	30.04	21.56	4.72
生态功能	15.10	22.19	15.31	26.37	21.03
综合功能	10.97	28.88	29.37	22.13	8.65

Territorial space function quality evaluation and coupling coordination analysis in typical karst areas of Southwest China: A case study of Guangnan county

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