农村居民点多维形态空间格局与耦合类型

doi:10.31497/zrzyxb.20191215

Abstract

Abstract:

Systematic understanding and classification of the spatial form of rural settlements is an important basis for rural renovation and scientific implementation of the strategy of Rural Revitalization at the present stage. In this paper, Pinggu district of Beijing is taken as the research area. According to the idea that rural residential areas are regarded as map patches, land use patterns and carriers, the identification indicators of rural residential types are constructed from three dimensions of intensity, structure and function. The intensity suitability, structure rationality and function coordination of each research unit are obtained by using multi-factor comprehensive evaluation method. With the help of ArcGIS and GeoDa, the intensity suitability, structure rationality and function coordination degree of each research unit are obtained. A spatial correlation analysis of the three is carried out, and eight coupling types of rural settlements are classified based on three-dimensional characteristics. It is concluded that: (1) There is a positive spatial correlation among intensity suitability, structural rationality and functional coordination in Pinggu district, i.e. there is a spatial agglomeration characteristic, and the spatial distribution of hotspot analysis of suitability, rationality and coordination degree presents progressive, circle and mosaic patterns respectively. (2) There are significant differences in spatial and regional characteristics in Pinggu district, Beijing, with 62.8% of the villages not suitable for intensity, 51.3% of the villages are unreasonable in structure and 61.4% of the villages are inconsistent in function. (3) The main types of rural settlements in the whole district are unsuitable-reasonable-uncoordinated and unsuitable-unreasonable-uncoordinated, which account for 53.6% of the total rural settlements. Unsuitable-reasonable-uncoordinated rural settlements are mainly distributed in townships close to urban areas and unsuitable-unreasonable-uncoordinated rural settlements are mainly located in the northern, southwestern and eastern hilly areas far from the urban area.

Key words: rural residential land, morphology, type recognition, multidimensional, Pinggu district in Beijing

QU Yan-bo, WEI Shu-wen, LIU Min, ZHAN Ling-yun, LI Ya-nan. Spatial pattern and coupling types of multidimensional morphology of rural residential land[J].JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2019, 34(12): 2673-2686.

Figures/Tables 8

Fig. 1

Table 1

Identifying indicators of rural residential land morphology"

目标	指标		量化方法	说明	正负	目标值
农村居民点规模（T）	人均农村居民点面积T1/ （m²·人^-1）		农村居民点面积与户籍人口之比	值越小,农村居民点越集聚,强度越低	+	140
	户均宅基地面积T2/ （m²·户^-1）		宅基地面积与户籍户数之比	值越小,农村居民点越集聚,强度越低	+	260
	斑块密度T3/ （块·km^-2）		农村居民点总面积与总斑块数之比	值越大,农村居民点越集聚,强度越低	-	18.5
	分维数T4		$FD = 21 n P 4 ln A$	值越大,居民点边界不规则,强度越高	+	2
	集聚度T5		$R = n × C S 2 × 10000$	值越大,空间越紧凑,强度越低	-	1
农村居民点结构（S）	住宅用地比例S1/%		住宅用地面积与总面积之比	值越小,农村居民点分布越集聚,结构越合理	-	55%~70%
	公共服务与管理用地比例S2/%		公共服务与管理面积与总面积之比	值越大,农村居民点用地结构越合理	+	15%~28%
	公园绿地面积比例S3/%		公园绿地面积与总面积之比	值越大,环境优美,农村居民点用地结构越合理	+	2%~4%
	闲置地面积比例S4/%		闲置地面积与总面积之比	值越小,空废化越低,农村居民点用地结构越合理	-	3%
农村居民点功能（F）	生活功能（FL）	农民人均收入FL1/元	近三年本村居民人均收入	反映农民生活水平,值越大,生活宜居性强	+	23600
		公共服务设施完善度FL2	卫生所、集市、室外娱乐广场、学校、图书室、银行等公共服务设施所拥有的项目数量	值越大,公共服务配套设施完善,生活宜居性强	+	1
		道路通达度FL3	$F = 100 - 100 (1 - r i) 100$	值越大,交通出行方便,生活宜居性强	+	1
	生产功能（FP）	村内就业人口比例FP1/%	常住人口在本村内就业人数/ 总人数	值越大,经济发达,生产功能强	+	67%
		非农产业用地面积比例FP2/%	二、三产业用地面积/农村居民点总面积	值越大,经济发达,生产功能强	+	42%
		集体经济收入FP3/万元	近三年本村集体经济平均收入	值越大,经济发达,生产功能强	+	36
	生态功能（FE）	生态用地面积比例FE1/%	生态用地面积/农村居民点总面积	值越大,生态环境优美	+	18%
		三废处理率FE2/%	垃圾无害化、污水处理和卫生公厕覆盖率	值越大,环境卫生良好	+	100%
		自然灾害易发程度FE3	村域自然灾害高度以上易发区面积比例	值越大,生活环境安全性低	-	0

Table 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Table 2

Fig. 6

References 23

[1]	曲衍波, 姜广辉, 商冉, 等. 基于系统外部性和内部性特征的农村居民点整治典型村域模式. 北京大学学报: 自然科学版, 2017, 53(3): 475-486.
	[QU Y B, JIANG G H, SHANG R, et al.Typical village domain models of rural residential land consolidation based on the external and internal characteristics of the complex system. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis, 2017, 53(3): 475-486.]
[2]	QU Y B, JIANG G H, ZHAO Q L, et al.Geographic identification, spatial differentiation, and formation mechanism of multifunction of rural settlements: A case study of 804 typical villages in Shandong province, China. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2017, 166(11): 1202-1215.
[3]	马少春, 付磊, 李灿松, 等. 乡村非农化对乡村聚落景观变迁的影响研究: 以云南环洱海地区为例. 云南师范大学学报: 哲学社会科学版, 2013, 45(4): 42-50.
	[MA S C, FU L, LI C S, et al.Influence of rural non-agricultural development on the village landscapes: A study of Erhai Lake Area in Yunnan province. Journal of Yunnan Normal University: Humanities and Social Sciences, 2013, 45(4): 42-50.]
[4]	邹利林, 王建英. 山区农村居民点区位影响因素识别与测度: 以长阳土家族自治县五镇为例. 资源科学, 2015, 37(2): 265-271.
	[ZOU L L, WANG J Y.Identification and measurement of location influencing factors in mountainous rural residential land. Resources Science, 2015, 37(2): 265-271.]
[5]	原野, 赵中秋, 师学义, 等. 基于乡镇地域主导功能定位的农村居民点整理策略研究. 自然资源学报, 2017, 32(12): 2089-2099.
	[YUAN Y, ZHAO Z S, SHI X Y, et al.Strategy of rural residential land consolidation based on the dominate function of township. Journal of Natural Resources, 2017, 32(12): 2089-2099.]
[6]	祝培甜, 赵中秋. 基于生态位适宜度模型的农村居民点整理分区研究: 以江西省崇义县为例. 湖北农业科学, 2016, 55(13): 3520-3525.
	[ZHU P T, ZHANG Z Q.Rural settlement consolidation zoning based on Niche-Fitness Model: A case study of Chongyi county. Hubei Agricultural Sciences, 2016, 55(13): 3520-3525.]
[7]	徐磊, 董捷, 陈恩. 基于“三生”功能的长江中游城市群国土空间利用协调特征. 水土保持研究, 2018, 25(2): 257-263.
	[XU L, DONG J, CHEN E.Coordination features of geographical space utilization in urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River base on 'production-living-ecological' function. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2018, 25(2): 257-263.]
[8]	庄至凤, 姜广辉, 何新, 等. 基于分形理论的农村居民点空间特征研究: 以北京市平谷区为例. 自然资源学报, 2015, 30(9): 1534-1546.
	[ZHUANG Z F, JIANG G H, HE X, et al.Study on spatial structure and form of rural residential based on fractal theory: A case study on Pinggu district in Beijing. Journal of Natural Resources, 2015, 30(9): 1534-1546.]
[9]	高苹, 席建超. 旅游地乡村聚落产业集聚的时空演化及其驱动机制研究: 野三坡旅游地苟各庄村案例实证. 资源科学, 2017, 39(8): 1535-1544.
	[GAO P, XI J C.Tourism industry agglomeration and mechanisms for rural settlements of Gouge village in Yesanpo, Hebei province. Resources Science, 2017, 39(8): 1535-1544.]
[10]	QU Y B, JIANG G H, YANG Y T, et al.Multi-scale analysis on spatial morphology differentiation and formation mechanism of rural residential land: A case study in Shandong province, China. Habitat International, 2018, 71(1): 135-146.
[11]	张瑞娟, 姜广辉, 王明珠, 等. 基于多维特征组合的农村居民点布局分类. 农业工程学报, 2015, 31(4): 286-292.
	[ZHANG R J, JIANG G H, WANG M Z, et al.Layout classification of rural settlement based on combination of multi-dimensional characteristics. Transactions of the CSAE, 2015, 31(4): 286-292.]
[12]	姜广辉, 何新, 马雯秋, 等. 基于空间自相关的农村居民点空间格局演变及其分区. 农业工程学报, 2015, 31(13): 265-273.
	[JIANG G H, HE X, MA W Q, et al.Rural settlements spatial pattern evolution and zoning district based on spatial autocorrelation. Transactions of the CSAE, 2015, 31(13): 265-273.]
[13]	黄聪, 赵小敏, 郭熙, 等. 基于核密度的余江县农村居民点布局优化研究. 中国农业大学学报, 2016, 21(11): 165-174.
	[HUANG C, ZHAO X M, GUO X, et al.Study on the rural residential layout optimization of Yujiang county based on kernel density. Journal of China Agricultural University, 2016, 21(11): 165-174.]
[14]	郑文升, 姜玉培, 罗静, 等. 平原水乡乡村聚落空间分布规律与格局优化: 以湖北公安县为例. 经济地理, 2014, 34(11): 120-127.
	[ZHENG W S, JIANG Y P, LUO J, et al.The spatial distribution and pattern optimization of rural settlements in Plain Water Area: A case of Gong'an Hubei. Economic Geography, 2014, 34(11): 120-127.]
[15]	王玉东, 郝晋珉, 杨立, 等. 平原区农村居民点用地空间整治分类研究: 以河北省曲周县为例. 中国人口·资源与环境, 2012, 22(3): 13-18.
	[WANG Y D, HAO J M, YANG L, et al.Classification of rural residential land for spatial consolidation in the Plain Area: A case study in Quzhou county, Hebei province. China Population, Resources and Environment, 2012, 22(3): 13-18.]
[16]	关小克, 王秀丽, 李昕, 等. 山区农村居民点演变的地貌分异与分类调控研究. 河南农业大学学报, 2016, 50(3): 396-403.
	[GUAN X K, WANG X L, LI X, et al.Study on topographical differentiation of rural residential land evolution and classification regulation in mountainous areas. Journal of Henan Agricultural University, 2016, 50(3): 396-403.]
[17]	闵婕, 杨庆媛, 唐璇. 三峡库区农村居民点空间格局演变: 以库区重要区万州为例. 经济地理, 2016, 36(2): 149-158.
	[MIN J, YANG Q Y, TANG X.Spatial pattern evolution of rural settlement in the three gorges reservoir area: A case in Wanzhou county. Economic geography, 2016, 36(2): 149-158.]
[18]	刘继来, 刘彦随, 李裕瑞, 等. 2007-2015年中国农村居民点用地与农村人口时空耦合关系. 自然资源学报, 2018, 33(11): 1861-1871.
	[LIU J L, LIU Y S, LI Y R, et al.Coupling analysis of rural residential land and rural population in China during 2007-2015. Journal of Natural Resources, 2018, 33(11): 1861-1871.]
[19]	刘鹏, 陈荣蓉, 杨朝现, 等. 基于“三生空间”协调的农村居民点布局优化研究. 水土保持研究, 2017, 24(2): 283-288.
	[LIU P, CHEN R R, YANG C X, et al.Study on layout optimization of rural settlements based on coordination of production, living and ecology. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2017, 24(2): 283-288.]
[20]	陈诚. 农村聚落功能评价研究: 以启东市为例. 长江流域资源与环境, 2014, 23(10): 1425-1431.
	[CHEN C.Study on the rural settlements multi-functionality evaluation at village scale in Qiding city. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin, 2014, 23(10): 1425-1431.]
[21]	张佰林, 张凤荣, 高阳, 等. 农村居民点多功能识别与空间分异特征. 农业工程学报, 2014, 30(12): 216-224.
	[ZHANG B L, ZHANG F R, GAO Y, et al.Identification and spatial differentiation of rural settlements' multifunction. Transactions of the CSAE, 2014, 30(12): 216-224.]
[22]	曲衍波, 姜广辉, 商冉, 等. 基于系统要素特征耦合的农村居民点类型划分与整治模式. 北京大学学报: 自然科学版, 2016, 52(6): 1057-1067.
	[QU Y B, JIANG G H, SHANG R, et al.Type classification of rural settlements and its consolidation models based on the coupling of system factor characteristics. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis, 2016, 52(6): 1057-1067.]
[23]	曲衍波, 姜广辉, 张佰林, 等. 山东省农村居民点转型的空间特征及其经济梯度分异. 地理学报, 2017, 72(10): 1845-1858.
	[QU Y B, JIANG G H, ZHANG B L, et al.Spatial characteristics of rural residential land transition and its economic gradient differentiation. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2017, 72(10): 1845-1858.]

乡镇名称	耦合类型数量/个
乡镇名称	T2-S2-F2	T2-S1-F2	T2-S1-F1	T2-S2-F1	T1-S2-F1	T1-S1-F1	T1-S2-F2	T1-S1-F2
大华山镇	10	2	3	—	—	1	2	—
大兴庄镇	—	10	5	4	1	1	—	—
东高村镇	3	7	6	1	—	3	—	—
黄松峪乡	4	—	1	1	1	—	—	—
金海湖镇	22	6	1	2	3	—	2	—
刘家店镇	9	2	1	3	1	—	—	—
马昌营镇	3	4	3	2	—	—	1	—
马坊镇	6	6	1	3	2	1	1	—
南独乐河镇	1	4	1	—	2	2	—	1
平谷镇	—	5	2	2	—	1	—	2
山东庄镇	—	2	1	1	1	2	1	—
王辛庄镇	2	10	5	1	1	2	—	1
夏各庄镇	2	7	1	1	—	—	—	—
熊儿寨乡	4	2	4	—	—	—	—	—
峪口镇	3	5	2	3	2	1	—	—
镇罗营镇	20	4	4	3	1	—	—	1
总计	89	76	41	27	15	14	7	5

Spatial pattern and coupling types of multidimensional morphology of rural residential land

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Like

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 8

References 23

Related Articles 12

Metrics

Comments

Recommended 0

[1]	CHEN Xiao-yan, HUANG Rui, HONG Xue-ting, HU Xiao-hai, LI Dong-ye, SHEN Wei-li. The measurement of xiangchou and its resource value in traditional village tourism destinations: A case study in Southern Jiangsu [J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2020, 35(7): 1602-1616.
[2]	ZHANG Bai-lin, QIAN Jia-cheng, CAI Wei-min. Discussion on mixed use of rural residential land research framework [J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2020, 35(12): 2929-2941.
[3]	FAN Qing-yu, YANG Shan. Evolution and optimization of spatial structure of the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration from the perspective of coordination [J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2019, 34(8): 1581-1592.
[4]	LIU Ji-lai, LIU Yan-sui, LI Yu-rui, HU Yin-gen. Coupling Analysis of Rural Residential Land and Rural Population in China during 2007-2015 [J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2018, 33(11): 1861-1871.
[5]	CAI Wei-min, ZHANG Bai-lin, ZHANG Feng-rong, QU Yan-bo, CHEN Jun-wei, LIU Hong-wu. Livelihood Changes of Famers and the Response of Their Dwelling Forms in Yimeng Mountain [J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2017, 32(4): 704-714.
[6]	ZHUANG Zhi-feng, JIANG Guang-hui, HE Xin, QU Yan-bo, ZHANG Cui-yu. Study on Spatial Structure and Form of Rural Residential Based on Fractal Theory: A Case Study on Pinggu District in Beijing [J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2015, 30(9): 1534-1546.
[7]	TU Shuang-shuang, LONG Hua-lou, LIU Yong-qiang, LI Ting-ting. Research Progress and Prospects in the Methodology of Assessing the Potential of Rural Residential Land Consolidation [J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2015, 30(11): 1956-1968.
[8]	PAN Jing-hu, HAN Wen-chao. Spatial-temporal Changes of Urban Morphology of Provincial Capital Cities or above in China [J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2013, 28(3): 470-480.
[9]	LI Yu-rui, LIU Yan-sui, LONG Hua-lou. Spatio-temporal Analysis of Population and Residential Land Change in Rural China [J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2010, 25(10): 1629-1638.
[10]	CHEN Zhen-jie, LI Man-chun, LIU Yong-xue. Built-up Area Expansion in Hilly Area of Western Zhejiang Province—A Case Study in Tonglu County [J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2006, 21(4): 516-525.
[11]	ZHANG Zheng-feng, CHEN Bai-ming . Primary analysis on land readjustment potentiality [J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2002, 17(6): 664-669.
[12]	LONG Hua-lou, LI Xiu-bin. Analysis on regional land use transition:A case study in Transect of the Yangtze River [J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2002, 17(2): 144-149.