承压含水层脆弱性影响因素分析及评价模型的构建——以山东省济宁市为例

doi:10.11849/zrzyxb.2013.09.016

PDF(1908 KB)

自然资源学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (9) : 1615-1622. DOI: 10.11849/zrzyxb.2013.09.016

资源评价

承压含水层脆弱性影响因素分析及评价模型的构建——以山东省济宁市为例

孟宪萌¹, 胡宏昌², 薛显武³

作者信息 +

Influencing Factors Analysis and Assessment Model of Confined Aquifer Vulnerability in Leakage Area：A Case Study of Jining, China

MENG Xian-meng¹, HU Hong-chang², XUE Xian-wu³

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

由于浅层地下水的污染以及承压水的开采,导致受到污染的浅层地下水越流补给深层承压水,增大了承压含水层受到污染的风险,如何评价承压含水层受到污染的可能性是迫切需要解决的问题。论文根据承压含水层受污染的特点将承压含水层脆弱性分为固有脆弱性和扰动脆弱性两个方面,同时根据脆弱性大小具有相对性这一特性,将研究区内承压含水层各脆弱性评价指标归一化,根据信息熵反映实测数据的效用值计算评价指标权重,而后加权求和得到反映脆弱性的综合指数,从而避免了构建脆弱性分级和定额的主观性。以济宁市承压含水层脆弱性评价为例,对评价方法的可靠性进行了分析,通过与数值模拟结果进行对比验证了方法的可靠性。该方法具有概念清晰、操作简便等特点,对无法建立地下水流数值模型和溶质运移模型的地区开展承压含水层脆弱性评价有一定的应用前景。

Abstract

Because of the pollution of shallow groundwater, the deep groundwater exploitation is rapidly increasing, which strengthens the hydraulic connection between shallow groundwater and deep groundwater. Hence, it is very urgent to assess the risk of confined aquifer to contaminants. In this paper, the confined aquifer vulnerability to contaminants is separated into two parts: inherent vulnerability and disturbance vulnerability. According to the characteristics of aquifer vulnerability, a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is developed based on normalization of each evaluation factor. The weights for evaluation factors in the model are obtained from the available value of data reflecting the information entropy. By this evaluation method the ranges and ratings of evaluation factors can be omitted, which partially avoid the subjectivity of evaluation results. This method is used to analyze the confined aquifer vulnerability of Jining city. The evaluation results are reasonably consistent with the numerical simulation. And this method is especially suitable for the area where the numerical simulation models of groundwater flow and solute transport can not be established.

导出引用

孟宪萌, 胡宏昌, 薛显武. 承压含水层脆弱性影响因素分析及评价模型的构建——以山东省济宁市为例[J]. 自然资源学报, 2013, 28(9): 1615-1622 https://doi.org/10.11849/zrzyxb.2013.09.016

MENG Xian-meng, HU Hong-chang, XUE Xian-wu. Influencing Factors Analysis and Assessment Model of Confined Aquifer Vulnerability in Leakage Area：A Case Study of Jining, China[J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2013, 28(9): 1615-1622 https://doi.org/10.11849/zrzyxb.2013.09.016

中图分类号： P641.8

参考文献

[1] 唐克旺, 吴玉成, 侯杰. 中国地下水资源质量评价(Ⅱ)——地下水水质现状和污染分析[J]. 水资源保护, 2006, 22(3):1-4. [TANG Ke-wang, WU Yu-cheng, HOU Jie. Assessment of groundwater quality in China: Ⅱ. Groundwater quality and pollution analysis. Water Resources Protection, 2006, 22(3):1-4.]
[2] Vrba J, Zaporozec A. Guidebook on Mapping Groundwater Vulnerability [M]. International Contributions to Hydrogeology Founded by G. Castany, E. Groba, E. Romijn. Volume 16. Hanover: Heise, 2004.
[3] National Research Council (U. S.). Ground Water Vulnerability Assessment—Predicting Relative Contamination Potential under Conditions of Uncertainty [M]. Committee on Techniques for Assessing Ground Water Vulnerability. Washington D C: National Research Council, National Academy Press, 1993:204.
[4] 孙才志, 潘俊. 地下水脆弱性的概念、评价方法与研究前景[J]. 水科学进展, 1999, 10(4):444-449. [SUN Cai-zhi, PAN Jun. Concept and assessment of groundwater vulnerability and its future prospect. Advances in water science, 1999, 10(4):444-449.]
[5] 孟宪萌, 田富强, 胡和平. 越流区承压含水层特殊脆弱性评价模型[J]. 清华大学学报:自然科学版, 2010, 50(6):844-847. [MENG Xian-meng, TIAN Fu-qiang, HU He-ping. Specific vulnerability assessment model for the confined aquifer in a leakage area. Journal of Tsinghua University: Science and Technology, 2010, 50(6):844-847.]
[6] Zhou H C, Wang G L, Yang Q. A multrobjective fuzzy pattern recognition model for assessing groundwater vulnerability based on the DRASTIC system [J]. Hydrological Sciences, 1999, 44(4):611-618.
[7] Dixon B, Scott H D, Dixon J C, et al. Prediction of aquifer vulnerability to pesticides using fuzzy rule-based models at the regional scale [J]. Physical Geography, 2002, 23:130-152.
[8] Dixon B. Applicability of Neuro-fuzzy techniques in predicting groundwater vulnerability: A GIS-based sensitivity analysis [J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2005, 309(1/4):17-38.
[9] 闫文周, 顾连胜. 熵权决策法在工程评标中的应用[J]. 西安建筑科技大学学报, 2004, 36(1):98-100. [YAN Wen-zhou, GU Lian-sheng. Application of the method of Entropy proportion in the engineering mark. Journal of Xi'an University of Architecture & technology: Natural Science Edition, 2004, 36(1): 98-100.]
[10] 邹志红, 孙靖南, 任广平. 模糊评价因子的熵权法赋权及其在水质评价中的应用[J]. 环境科学学报, 2005, 25(4):552-556. [ZOU Zhi-hong, SUN Jing-nan, REN Guang-ping. Study and application on the entropy method for determination of weight of evaluating indicators in fuzzy synthetic evaluation for water quality assessment. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2005, 25(4): 552-556.]
[11] 孟宪萌, 束龙仓, 卢耀如. 基于熵权的改进DRASTIC模型在地下水脆弱性评价中的应用[J]. 水利学报, 2007, 38(1):94-99. [MENG Xian-meng, SHU Long-cang, LU Yao-ru. Modified DRASTIC model for groundwater vulnerability assessment based on entropy weight. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2007, 38(1):94-99.]
[12] 孟宪萌. 济宁市地表河流与地下水流耦合模拟与预测模型. 南京:河海大学, 2007. [MENG Xian-meng. Coupled Simulation and Predict Model for Surface River and Groundwater In Jining City, China. Nanjing: Hohai University, 2007.]
[13] 吴夏懿. 基于GIS的济宁市地下水水质脆弱性评价. 南京:河海大学, 2006. [WU Xia-yi. Vulnerability Assessment of Groundwater Quality with GIS in Jining City. Nanjing: Hohai University, 2006.]
[14] 孟宪萌. 基于过程模拟的越流区承压含水层脆弱性评价研究. 北京:清华大学, 2010. [MENG Xian-meng. Study on Process Based Assessment Method for the Confined Aquifer Vulnerability in Leakage Area. Beijing: Tsinghua University, 2010.]