基于能值理论武陵山片区旅游生态化水平测度与空间异质性分析

doi:10.31497/zrzyxb.20211214

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

旅游生态化是实现旅游可持续发展的重要途径,而旅游生态化水平测度是旅游生态化研究的基础工作。本文创新性地构建了基于能值理论的旅游地生态化水平分析框架及测度模型。以武陵山片区为研究对象,基于研究区域2018年相关截面数据,以县级行政单位为研究单元对旅游生态化水平进行测度。测度结果表明：武陵山片区旅游生态化水平为中等偏下水平;县域单元等级数量呈“金字塔”形分布;评价体系目标层指标存在显著性差异。探索性空间数据分析方法分析表明研究区域旅游生态化水平空间分布上显示较为明显的集聚特征,显示较强的正相关,异质性弱。分指标空间分布显示大多数县域单元旅游社会经济的发展与环境保护不同步。

关键词: 生态化水平测度, 能值理论, 武陵山片区, 空间异质性

Abstract:

Ecotourism is an important way to realize sustainable development of tourism, and ecotourism level measurement is the basic work of ecotourism research. In this paper an ecological level analysis framework and measurement model of tourist destination based on the theory of energy value are constructed innovatively. Taking Wuling Mountain Area as the research object and based on relevant sectional data of the research area in 2018, the county administrative unit was taken as the research unit to measure the ecotourism level. The result shows that the ecotourism level in the study area is below the average level. The number of tiered county units is distributed in the shape of a pyramid. There are significant differences in the target level indicators of the evaluation system. The exploratory spatial data analysis method shows that the spatial distribution of tourism ecological level in the study area shows obvious clustering characteristics, strong positive correlation and weak heterogeneity. The spatial distribution of sub-indexes shows that most county units have not achieved coordinated development of the regional tourism and environmental protection.

Key words: evaluation on ecological level, emergy theory, Wuling Mountain Area, spatial heterogeneity

李志龙, 陈慧灵, 刘迪. 基于能值理论武陵山片区旅游生态化水平测度与空间异质性分析[J]. 自然资源学报, 2021, 36(12): 3203-3214.

LI Zhi-long, CHEN Hui-ling, LIU Di. Measurement of tourism ecological level based on the emergy value theory and spatial heterogeneity in Wuling Mountain Area[J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2021, 36(12): 3203-3214.

图/表 10

图1

表1

图2

表2

图3

图4

图5

表3

图6

表4

参考文献 22

[1]	FROSEH R A, GALLO POULOS N E. Strategies for Manufaeturing. Seientifie Ameriean, 1989,261(3):94-102.
[2]	AUDEN S. Applying the principles of industrial ecology to the guest-service sector. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 2003,7(1):127-138.
[3]	赵丹阳, 佟连军, 郭付友, 等. 基于结构调整视角的吉林省产业生态化发展. 应用生态学报, 2016,27(9):2933-2940.
	[ ZHAO D Y, TONG L J, GOU F Y, et al. Industrial ecological development of Jilin province, Northeast China based on structure opti-mization vision. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2016,27(9):2933-2940.]
[4]	LTM C, MCALEER M. Ecologically sustainable tourism management. Environmental Modelling & Soft-ware, 2003,20(11):1431-1438.
[5]	王文瑞. 我国自然保护区旅游产业生态模式. 干旱区资源与环境, 2003,17(5):109-112.
	[ WANG W R. The ecological model of tourism industry in nature reserves of China. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 2003,17(5):109-112.]
[6]	李玉新. 乡村旅游生态化程度评价体系的构建与应用. 西南民族大学报: 人文社会科学版, 2010,31(7):219-222.
	[ LI Y X. Construction and application of rural tourism ecological degree evaluation system. Journal of Southwest Nationalities University: Humanities and Social Sciences, 2010,31(7):219-222.]
[7]	钟永德. 旅游业碳排放计量与生态效率评价. 旅游学刊, 2016,31(9):11-12.
	[ ZHONG Y D. Carbon emission measurement and ecological efficiency evaluation of tourism industry. Tourism Journal, 2016,31(9):11-12.]
[8]	ODUM H T. Self-organization, transformity, and information. Science, 1988,242(4882):1131-1139.
[9]	HUANG S L, CHEN Y H, KUO F Y, et al. Emergy- based evaluation of peri- urban ecosystem services. Ecological Complexity, 2011,8(1):38-50.
[10]	马程, 王晓玥, 张雅昕, 等. 北京市生态涵养区生态系统服务供给与流动的能值分析. 地理学报, 2017,72(6):974-985.
	[ MA C, WANG X Y, ZHANG Y X, et al. Emergy analysis of ecosystem services supply and flowin Beijing ecological conservation area. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2017,72(6):974-985.]
[11]	李巍, 韩佩杰, 赵雪雁. 基于能值分析的生态脆弱区旅游业可持续发展研究: 以甘南藏族自治州为例. 生态学报, 2018,38(16):5894-5903.
	[ LI W, HAN P J, ZHAO X Y. Sustainable development of tourism in a vulnerable ecological region: An emergy analysis of the Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2018,38(16):5894-5903.]
[12]	ODUM H T. Environmental Accounting: Emergy and Environmental Decision Making. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1996.
[13]	蓝盛芳, 钦佩, 陆宏芳. 生态经济系统能值分析. 北京: 化学工业出版社, 2002.
	[ LAN S F, QIN P, LU H F. Energy Value Analysis of Ecological Economic System. Beijing: Chemical Industry Press, 2002.]
[14]	喻锋, 李晓波, 王宏, 等. 基于能值分析和生态用地分类的中国生态系统生产总值核算研究. 生态学报, 2016,36(6):1663-1675.
	[ YU F, LI X B, WANG H, et al. Accounting of gross ecosystem product based on emergy analysis and ecological land classification in China. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2016,36(6):1663-1675.]
[15]	鲁芬. 旅游景区生态化水平测度研究. 昆明: 云南师范大学, 2017.
	[ LU F. Research on the measurement of ecological level of tourist attractions. Kunming: Yunnan Normal University, 2017.]
[16]	李洪波, 李海燕. 武夷山自然保护区生态旅游系统能值分析. 生态学报, 2009,29(11):5869-5876.
	[ LI H B, LI H Y. Analysis of energy value of ecotourism system in Wuyishan Nature Reserve. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2009,29(11):5869-5876.]
[17]	谢高地, 鲁春霞, 冷允法. 青藏高原生态资产价值评估研究. 自然资源学报, 2003,l8(2):189-196.
	[ XIE G D, LU C X, LENG Y F. Study on the evaluation of ecological asset value of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Journal of Natural Resources, 2003,l8(2):189-196.]
[18]	明庆忠, 陈英, 李庆雷. 低碳旅游:旅游产业生态化的战略选择. 人文地理, 2010,25(5):22-26.
	[ MING Q Z, CHEN Y, LI Q L. Low-carbon tourism: Strategic choice of tourism industry ecologicalization. Humanities and Geography, 2010,25(5):22-26.]
[19]	陈美球, 金志农, 蔡海生. 生态化的基本内涵及生态化水平评价指标构建的基本原则. 生态经济, 2012,25(3):166-169.
	[ CHEN M Q, JIN Z L, CAI H S. The basic connotation of ecologicalization and the basic principles for the construction of ecological level evaluation indicators. Ecology and Economy, 2012,25(3):166-169.]
[20]	隋春花, 陆宏芳. 丹霞山世界自然遗产地旅游生态系统能值分析. 生态环境学报, 2019,28(7):1297-1306.
	[ SUI C H, LU H F. An emergy analysis of the tourism ecosystem of danxia mountain world natural heritage. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2019,28(7):1297-1306.]
[21]	徐丽婷, 姚士谋, 陈爽, 等. 高质量发展下的生态城市评价: 以长江三角洲城市群为例. 地理科学, 2019,39(8):1228-1237.
	[ XU L T, YAO S M, CHEN S, et al. Evaluation of eco-city under the concept of high-quality development: A case study of the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2019,39(8):1228-1237.]
[22]	郭付友, 佟连军, 刘志刚, 等. 山东省产业生态化时空分异特征与影响因素: 基于17地市时空面板数据. 地理研究, 2019,38(9):2226-2238.
	[ GUO F Y, TONG L J, LIU Z G, et al. Spatial-temporal pattern and influencing factors of industrial ecology in Shandong province: Based on panel data of 17 cities. Geographical Research, 2019,38(9):2226-2238.]

目标层	指标层（能值）	表达式	指标性质	权重
环境保护	可更新资源利用率	R/(R+N+F)	正	0.233
	生态系统生产率	E/(R+N+F)	正	0.168
	旅游生态环境承载力	(N+F)/R	正	0.238
	旅游废弃物环境影响	W/R	负	0.238
	旅游能值生态效率	T/(N+W+E)	正	0.205
社会进步	人均能值量	(R+N+F)/P	正	0.201
	能值密度	(R+N+F)/S	正	0.193
	旅游环境友好度	(E-W)/(T+W+E)	负	0.123
	旅游不可更新资源消耗	N/(R+N+F)	负	0.216
	旅游废弃物排放率	W/N	负	0.215
经济发展	旅游能值投资率	(N+F)/R	负	0.152
	旅游能值交换率	T/F	正	0.234
	旅游能值产出率	T/(T+W+E)	正	0.197
	旅游能值货币比	(R+N+F)/$	正	0.176
	旅游可持续发展指数	(T/F)/[(N+F)/R]	正	0.212

生态化水平等级/个	县域单元
第Ⅰ等级（33） TEL≤0.45	石门,丰都,武隆,彭水,黔江,来凤,酉阳,务川,沿河,德江,思南,石阡,余庆,湄潭,秀山,松桃,保靖,永顺,永定,古丈,吉首,泸溪,辰溪,中方,洪江,会同,通道,城步,武冈,新邵,冷水江,涟源,玉屏
第Ⅱ等级（28） 0.45<TEL≤0.51	秭归,巴东,建始,五峰,恩施,鹤峰,宣恩,咸丰龙山,石柱,道真,正安,凤冈,印江,花垣,碧江,麻阳,万山,新晃,芷江,靖州,绥宁,洞口,新宁,溆浦,新化,安化,沅陵
第Ⅲ等级（10） TEL>0.51	长阳,利川,桑植,武陵源,慈利,凤凰,江口,鹤城,隆回,邵阳

	Moran's I	Z得分	P值
环境保护	0.26	3.13	0.002
社会进步	0.25	3.11	0.002
经济发展	0.09	1.20	0.23
旅游生态化水平	0.17	2.20	0.03

象限/个	县域单元
第Ⅰ象限（20）	秭归,长阳,五峰,恩施,建始,宣恩,鹤峰,邵阳,隆回,洞口,新宁,武陵源,慈利,桑植,安化,溆浦,麻阳,芷江,碧江,万山
第Ⅱ象限（12）	巴东,来凤,新邵,武冈,石门,永定,中方,辰溪,会同,泸溪,永顺,玉屏
第Ⅲ象限（26）	绥宁,城步,通道,洪江,冷水江,涟源,吉首,花垣,保靖,古丈,黔江,丰都,武隆,秀山,酉阳,彭水,道真,务川,凤岗,湄潭,余庆,石阡,思南,德江,沿河,松桃
第Ⅳ象限（13）	利川,咸丰,鹤城,沅陵,新晃,靖州,新化,凤凰,龙山,石柱,正安,江口,印江