基于“潜力—支持力—恢复力”框架的村镇可持续发展能力及其类型甄别

doi:10.31497/zrzyxb.20211205

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

科学判断村镇可持续发展能力,精准定位村镇发展类型,对于实现乡村振兴多元目标具有重要价值。以重庆市江津区为研究区,2017年为研究时点,从潜力、支持力与恢复力三个维度解析村镇可持续发展能力,从而构建评价指标体系与评价模型,分析村镇可持续发展能力空间分异特征及其类型。研究表明：（1）村镇可持续发展能力的强弱是潜力、支持力与恢复力三者共同作用的结果。（2）江津区村镇潜力呈现“北高南低”;支持力呈现“北高南低”;恢复力呈现“南高北低”;可持续发展能力呈现“西南高东北低,组团状分布”。（3）江津区村镇可划分为发展潜力挖潜型、城乡融合促进型、安全质量提升型与能力全面发展型四种可持续发展类型,进而提出差异化调控策略,以引导村镇可持续发展、增强县域综合实力。

关键词: 村镇可持续发展能力, 空间分异, 类型甄别, 差异化调控, 重庆市江津区

Abstract:

It is of great significance in the implementation of rural revitalization strategy and the realization of its multiple goals to scientifically evaluate the level of the sustainable development ability and determine targeted development types of villages and towns. Based on sorting out the implication of the sustainable development ability implication of villages and towns from the perspectives of potential, support and resilience, this study establishes the evaluation framework and evaluation models. Meanwhile the study takes 25 towns in Jiangjin district of Chongqing as research units to quantitatively measure the sustainable development ability of villages and towns in 2017. And then it reveals the spatio-temporal differentiation and accordingly identifies the vulnerabilities types, and proposes targeted regulation strategies. The results shows that: (1) The sustainable development ability of villages and towns is the result of the interaction of potential, support and resilience. (2) On the whole, the potential of villages and towns shows a spatial pattern of " high in the north and low in the south" in Jiangjin; the support of villages and towns shows a spatial pattern of "high in the north and low in the south" in Jiangjin; the resilience of villages and towns shows a spatial pattern of "high in the south and low in the north" in Jiangjin; the sustainable development ability of villages and towns shows a spatial pattern of "high in the southwest, low in the northeast, cluster distribution". (3) We divide the sustainable development ability of villages and towns in Jiangjin into four types, including potential enhancement type, urban-rural integration promotion type, ecological security improvement type and potential-support-resilience ability comprehensive development type. Based on the principle of "ecological priority-classified control-highlight emphasis-local adaptation", the study proposes differentiated sustainable development ability improvement strategies for different types, to guide the sustainable development of villages and towns.

Key words: sustainable development ability of villages and towns, spatial distribution, type division, differentiated regulation, Jiangjin district of Chongqing

王成, 任梅菁, 樊荣荣. 基于“潜力—支持力—恢复力”框架的村镇可持续发展能力及其类型甄别[J]. 自然资源学报, 2021, 36(12): 3069-3083.

WANG Cheng, REN Mei-jing, FAN Rong-rong. Study on sustainable development capacity of villages and towns and its types based on the framework of potential-support-resilience[J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2021, 36(12): 3069-3083.

图/表 5

图1

表1

村镇可持续性发展能力评价指标体系及权重

要素层	指标层	内涵	单位	性质	计算方式	权重
潜力（P）	人均资源占有情况^①（P₁）	反映资源潜力	hm²/万人	﹢	(人均耕地面积+人均水域面积)/2	0.050
	产业结构偏差度^②（P₂）	反映村镇产业结构合理程度	—	-	$P 2 = ∑ I = 1 3 x i - x i * 2$	0.018
	耕地流转面积占比（P₃）	反映村镇现代农业建设情况	%	﹢	耕地流转面积/耕地面积×100%	0.062
	十万人口中大学生数（P₄）	反映村镇人才情况	人/10⁵人	﹢	大学生人数/村镇总人口×10⁵	0.154
	人均道路长度（P₅）	反映村镇基础设施水平	km/万人	﹢	农村道路长度/村镇总人口	0.071
支持力（S）	农产品商品化产值占比（S₁）	反映城市对农产品市场化的贡献度	%	﹢	农产品商品化产值/村镇总产值×100%	0.126
	地均农机投入（S₂）	反映城市科技支持作用	元/hm²	﹢	农机投入总额/耕地面积	0.184
	城市邻近度^①（S₃）	反映村镇接收城市辐射的程度	—	﹢	(CBD临近度+交通通达度)/2	0.028
	固定资产投资率（S₄）	反映城市固定资产投资对经济增长的贡献度	—	﹢	社会固定资产投资额/村镇生产总值	0.036
恢复力（R）	生产总值指数（R₁）	反映村镇经济状况	—	﹢	村镇总产值/上年村镇总产值	0.033
	人均粮食产量（R₂）	反映村镇的粮食安全	t/人	﹢	粮食总产量/村镇总人口	0.024
	村镇居民人均可支配收入（R₃）	反映村镇居民生计水平	元	﹢	村镇可支配收入/村镇总人口	0.043
	污水治理情况^①（R₄）	反映村镇环境治理能力	—	﹢	(污水管网密度+污水处理厂处理强度)/2	0.079
	森林覆盖率（R₅）	反映村镇生态保育的能力	%	﹢	森林面积/村镇面积×100%	0.092

表1

图2

图3

表2

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