自然资源学报

自然资源学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (2): 355-364.doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.2014.02.017

• 资源研究方法 • 上一篇    

投入产出法在虚拟水消费与贸易研究中的新应用

谭圣林1,2, 邱国玉1, 熊育久2,3   

  1. 1. 北京大学城市人居环境科学与技术实验室, 广东深圳518055;
    2. 中山大学地理科学与规划学院水资源与环境系, 广州510275;
    3. 中山大学华南地区水循环与水安全广东省普通高校重点实验室, 广州510275
  • 收稿日期:2012-09-11 修回日期:2013-03-15 出版日期:2014-02-20 发布日期:2014-02-18
  • 通讯作者: 熊育久（1982-），男，贵州人，博士，讲师，主要从事生态水文学研究。E-mail：xiongyuj@mail.sysu.edu.cn E-mail:xiongyuj@mail.sysu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:谭圣林（1991-），男，江西赣州人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为生态水文学。
  • 基金资助:

    广东省大学生创新实验项目（1055812003）；高校基本科研业务费中山大学青年教师培育项目（12lgpy49）；中英瑞气候变化适应项目（ACCC/20100705-1）。

New Application of the Input-output Framework in the Study of Virtual Water Consumption and Trade

TAN Sheng-lin1,2, QIU Guo-yu1, XIONG Yu-jiu2,3   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory for Urban Habitat Environment Science and Technology, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China;
    2. Department of Water Resources and Environment, School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China;
    3. Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Water Security in Southern China of Guangdong High Education Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
  • Received:2012-09-11 Revised:2013-03-15 Online:2014-02-20 Published:2014-02-18
  • About author:2

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被引次数

6 | 9

摘要：

虚拟水是缓解水资源危机的一种途径。投入产出法是研究虚拟水的主要方法之一，可分为单区域投入产出模型（SRIO）和多区域投入产出模型（MRIO）。鉴于SRIO 和MRIO单独应用时存在一定局限性，论文提出同时运用单区域投入产出表和多区域投入产出表研究虚拟水，即：利用SRIO 计算完全用水系数，并直接利用单区域投入产出表区分本地水足迹与外来水足迹，再根据多区域投入产出表分析区域间的虚拟水贸易。广东省的案例研究显示：①2007 年广东省水足迹为333.9×108 m3，其中本地水足迹223.6×108 m3，外来水足迹110.3×108 m3；②广东省同年虚拟水输出量445.4×108 m3，输入量454.1×108 m3，其虚拟水的外部来源主要是湖南、广西和浙江。结果表明以上方法可全面计算完全用水系数，有效区分本地水足迹与外来水足迹，揭示区域间的虚拟水贸易关系，为水资源管理决策提供方法支持。

关键词: 投入产出法, 水文与水资源, 虚拟水, 水足迹, 广东省

Abstract:

Global water crisis is looming. Virtual water, the amount of water necessary to produce a good or a service, provides key new information for policy makers, because virtual water trade can compensate for water shortages through the geographical shift of good production and the sectoral shift of water consumption. Thus virtual water serves as an alternative way of solving water resources crisis. The input-output framework is one of the main methods of studying virtual water, which can be classified into Single Regional Input-Output model (SRIO) and Multi-Regional Input-Output model (MRIO). However, there are some limitations when applying SRIO or MRIO alone, i.e., SRIO cannot distinguish local water footprint from external water footprint, thus providing very little information for inter-regional virtual water trade, while it is difficult to obtain accurate dataset for MRIO, leading to underestimation. To overcome the shortcomings of these two models, this paper aims at proposing a new method, which can separate local water footprint from external water footprint directly based on single regional input-output data that is much easier to obtain than multi-regional input-output data. In the proposed method, SRIO is adopted to calculate the total water consumption coefficient as the estimated coefficient is much accurate, and then local and external water footprint is separated directly by using single regional input-output dataset, and finally virtual water flow among different regions can be analyzed through inter-regional input-output data. The application of the proposed method to Guangdong Province showed that: 1) the total water footprint of Guangdong Province in 2007 was 333.9×108 m3, with local water footprint of 223.6×108 m3 and external water footprint of 110.3×108 m3, respectively; and 2) in 2007, the virtual water flowing out of Guangdong Province was 445.4×108 m3, and the flowing in was 454.1×108 m3 which mainly came from Hunan, Guangxi and Zhejiang provinces. The results indicate that the proposed method is effective in obtaining a complete total water consumption coefficient thus can obtain accurate estimation, and is easy to distinguish local water footprint from external water footprint and specify the water flow between regions. Virtual water and water footprint can be quantified by combining single regional input-output datasets with multi-regional input-output datasets.

Key words: Guangdong Province, water footprint, hydrology and water resources, input-output analysis, virtual water

中图分类号: 

  • TV213.4