快速城市化时期中国城市建成区植被状况的时空分异特征

doi:10.11849/zrzyxb.2014.02.004

自然资源学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (2): 223-236.doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.2014.02.004

快速城市化时期中国城市建成区植被状况的时空分异特征

刘沁萍^1,2a, 杨永春^2a,b, 田洪阵^2a,c, 顾磊^2a, 张博^2a

1. 天津工业大学管理学院, 天津300387;
2. a. 兰州大学资源环境学院, 兰州730000;
b.兰州大学西部环境教育部重点实验室, 兰州730000;
c. 兰州大学资源环境学院冰川与生态地理研究所, 兰州730000

收稿日期:2012-10-16 修回日期:2013-02-18 出版日期:2014-02-20 发布日期:2014-02-18
作者简介:刘沁萍（1979-），女，河南焦作人，讲师，博士，研究方向为城市与区域发展、城市生态环境。Email：liuqinpingnr@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目（41171143，40771064）；教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划（NCET-07-0398）；兰州大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金（lzujbky-2012-k35）；天津市科技兴海项目（KJXH2013-27）；天津工业大学管理学院科技创新基金（GLKJCX20130026）。

Spatial-temporal Difference of Vegetation Changes in Built-up Areas in China during the Period of Rapid Urbanization

LIU Qin-ping^1,2a, YANG Yong-chun^2a,b, TIAN Hong-zhen^2a,c, GU Lei^2a, ZHANG Bo^2a

1. School of Management, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China;
2. a. College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
b. Key Laboratory of Western China's Environment Systems of the Ministry of Education, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
c. Institute of Glaciology and Ecogeography, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China

Received:2012-10-16 Revised:2013-02-18 Online:2014-02-20 Published:2014-02-18
Contact: 杨永春（1969-），男，陕西白水人，博士，教授，博士生导师，研究方向为城市与区域发展、转型与规划，发表相关文章百余篇，出版著作5部。E-mail：yangych@lzu.edu.cn E-mail:yangych@lzu.edu.cn
About author:2

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于植被变化视角，以中国656 个建制城市的建成区为研究对象，选择1992、2000 和2010 年DMSP/OLS 夜间灯光数据和植被数据，选用城市建成区内归一化植被指数（Normalized Difference Vegetation Index，NDVI）的均值反映建成区植被的状况；用建成区内NDVI均值和背景区内NDVI均值的比值（NDVI比值）衡量人为因素对城市建成区植被的影响情况。结果表明：①同一年份，城市规模越大，建成区植被越差；近20 a 来，除小城市植被变差外，其他等级城市植被总体在变好。②同一年份，规模小的城市人为因素产生的不利影响相对较小。近20 a 来，人为因素对特大城市和大城市植被产生的不利影响在减小，而中等城市基本不变，小城市则变大。③同一年份，从湿润半湿润森林带、半干旱草原带到干旱荒漠带的城市建成区内的植被逐渐变差；近20 a 来，干旱荒漠带的建成区植被状况略微变差，其余植被带内建成区植被变好。④同一年份，从湿润半湿润森林带、半干旱草原带到干旱荒漠带人为因素对建成区植被的不利影响逐渐减小；近20 a 来，湿润半湿润森林带内人为因素对建成区植被的不利影响在减小，而其他植被带内，人为因素的不利影响在增加。

关键词: NDVI, 灯光数据, 植被变化, 建成区

Abstract:

Since the 1978 reform and opening up of China, the level of urbanization has increased rapidly. Rapid urban expansion and restructuring have had significant impacts on the ecological environment especially within built-up areas. This study used ArcGIS 10, ENVI 4.5, Visual FoxPro 6.0, and Python software to analyze vegetation changes, and the impact of human factors on vegetation in the built-up areas of 656 Chinese cities from 1992 to 2010. The data mainly include DMSP/OLS nighttime light data and vegetation data. Firstly, an existing algorithm for extracting urban areas based on statistical data was refined to extract the boundaries of built-up areas. Secondly, we selected the mean Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) of a built-up area to represent absolute vegetation, and mean NDVI can reflect vegetation cover and vegetation biomass in the built-up area. We constructed a mathematical model (ratio of mean NDVI in a built-up area to a background region, RMNDVI) to measure the impact of human factors on vegetation. RMNDVI values greater than 1 indicate relatively beneficial effects, and RMNDVI values less than 1 indicate proportionally adverse effects. The results clearly indicated three aspects of vegetation changes and human influence in built-up areas during rapid urbanization: the size of cities (metropolises, large cities, medium-sized cities, and small cities), administrative divisions of China (provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities) and vegetation zones (humid and semi-humid forest zone, semi-arid steppe zone, and arid desert zone). Finally, we discussed the mechanism of human factors on vegetation changes in built-up areas. The findings provide a scientific basis for municipal planning departments and a decision-making reference for government, and also provide scientific guidance for sustainable development in China.

Key words: NDVI, vegetation change, built-up areas, nighttime light data

中图分类号:

Q948

刘沁萍, 杨永春, 田洪阵, 顾磊, 张博. 快速城市化时期中国城市建成区植被状况的时空分异特征[J]. 自然资源学报, 2014, 29(2): 223-236.

LIU Qin-ping, YANG Yong-chun, TIAN Hong-zhen, GU Lei, ZHANG Bo. Spatial-temporal Difference of Vegetation Changes in Built-up Areas in China during the Period of Rapid Urbanization[J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2014, 29(2): 223-236.

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快速城市化时期中国城市建成区植被状况的时空分异特征

Spatial-temporal Difference of Vegetation Changes in Built-up Areas in China during the Period of Rapid Urbanization

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