基于城乡交互作用视角的乡村吸引力测度及启示——以湖南省浏阳市为例
戴柳燕(1987- ),女,安徽怀宁人,博士,讲师,主要从事区域发展与城乡规划、乡村地理等研究。E-mail: dailiuyan0611010@126.com |
收稿日期: 2023-10-16
修回日期: 2024-06-13
网络出版日期: 2024-09-04
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(41971224)
The measurement and inspiration of rural attraction based on the perspective of urban-rural interaction:A case study of Liuyang, Hunan
Received date: 2023-10-16
Revised date: 2024-06-13
Online published: 2024-09-04
提升乡村吸引力是推动乡村振兴的重要路径,乡村吸引力水平的量化测度是研判乡村发展水平和发展潜力的重要依据。基于城乡交互作用视角,采取主客观指标相结合的方法,构建乡村吸引力的基本测度框架与量化测度模型,并对湖南省浏阳市开展实证研究。结果表明:(1)乡村吸引力是城乡相互作用的结果,是城市推力、乡村拉力、城市拉力、乡村推力和城乡中介力“五力”综合作用的合力;(2)乡村吸引力水平具有较为明显的空间分异特征,中心镇、临近省会城市的乡村地区吸引力水平相对较高,其他中间地域乡村吸引力水平总体相对较低;(3)浏阳市乡村吸引力具有较为显著的空间集聚性特征,全局空间正相关性显著,主要呈现高高、低高集聚区分布,以西北片区永安、洞阳、北盛、沙市、焦溪等为中心的乡村吸引力高值区对周边区域的积极带动作用显著。基于此,从开展分区分类调控、强化区域优势资源要素整合、推进城—镇—村生活圈一体化等方面提出乡村吸引力提升的对策建议。
戴柳燕 , 周国华 . 基于城乡交互作用视角的乡村吸引力测度及启示——以湖南省浏阳市为例[J]. 自然资源学报, 2024 , 39(9) : 2224 -2240 . DOI: 10.31497/zrzyxb.20240913
Rural attraction is the actual or potential ability and power of rural regional system to attract population, industrial capital, information technology and other resource elements to flow and gather in rural areas. The decline of rural attraction is the concrete representation of rural recession, and also the main source of rural problems such as rural hollowing and rural poverty. Improving rural attraction is an important way to promote rural revitalization, and the quantitative measurement of rural attraction is an important basis to judge the level and potential of rural development. Based on the perspective of urban-rural interaction, this paper adopts the method of combining subjective and objective indicators to build the basic measurement framework and quantitative measurement model of rural attraction, and carries out empirical research on Liuyang city, Hunan province. The results show the following: (1) Rural attraction is the resultant of rural pull, rural thrust, urban thrust, urban pull and urban-rural intermediary force. The comprehensive measurement of rural attraction should not only focus on the development conditions of the rural regional system itself, but also pay attention to the role of the external environment (city) in rural attractiveness. (2) The attraction level of rural areas in Liuyang presents obvious spatial differentiation characteristics. The attraction level of rural areas near the central town is relatively high, while the attractiveness level of other intermediate areas is relatively low. High and higher level areas account for a relatively small proportion (32.14%), while areas with moderate or lower gravity levels are widely distributed. The high-level areas are mainly concentrated in the northwest of Liuzhou, and the average comprehensive rural attractiveness level of this area is significantly higher than that of other areas. (3) The rural attraction of Liuyang has significant spatial agglomeration characteristics, and the global spatial positive correlation is significant. The local areas with a single research unit as the analysis scale also have certain spatial correlation, mainly showing the distribution of high-high and low-high agglomeration areas. The high value rural attraction areas centered around Yong'an, Dongyang, Beisheng, Shashi, Jiaoxi, and other areas in the northwest region have a significant positive driving effect on the surrounding areas. However, there are also local low-high agglomeration areas represented by Chunkou town, which have a significant gap with the rural attraction level in the surrounding areas due to their own development conditions. Based on this, the study proposes suggestions for enhancing rural attraction from the aspects of carrying out zoning classification regulation, strengthening the integration of regional advantageous resource elements, and promoting the integration of urban-town-village living circles.
表1 浏阳市乡村吸引力测度指标体系Table 1 Measurement index system of rural attraction in Liuyang city |
一级指标 | 支撑指标 | 指标效应 | 指标说明 | 权重 |
---|---|---|---|---|
乡村拉力(Pr) | 旅游资源丰度 | + | 旅游资源综合评分 | 0.057 |
特色农产品供给水平 | + | 特色农产品综合评分 | 0.208 | |
美丽乡村建设水平 | + | 根据示范村等级进行综合评分 | 0.054 | |
文化特色感知度 | + | 问卷调查数据 | 0.051 | |
景观环境美誉度 | + | 问卷调查数据 | 0.057 | |
生态环境满意度 | + | 问卷调查数据 | 0.016 | |
乡村推力(Tr) | 城乡劳动力规模差距 | - | 城市劳动年龄人口数量/乡村劳动年龄人口数量 | 0.067 |
城乡居民收入差距 | - | 城市居民人均可支配收入/乡村居民人均可支配收入 | 0.035 | |
城市推力(Tu) | 城乡消费水平差距 | + | 城市地区消费品零售额/乡村地区消费品零售额 | 0.163 |
城乡居住条件差距 | + | 乡村人均居住用地面积/城市人均居住用地面积 | 0.024 | |
城市拉力(Pu) | 城乡人口活力差距 | - | 城市常住人口增量/乡村常住人口增量 | 0.014 |
城乡经济活力差距 | - | 城市夜间灯光强度/乡村夜间灯光强度 | 0.050 | |
城乡教育资源差距 | - | 城市地区中小学学生数/乡村地区中小学学生数 | 0.059 | |
城乡养老设施差距 | - | 城市地区养老机构床位数/乡村地区养老机构床位数 | 0.022 | |
城乡中介力(Iur) | 农村道路交通密度 | + | 农村道路交通用地面积占比 | 0.077 |
交通便捷感知度 | + | 问卷调查数据 | 0.047 |
注:测度指标体系中涉及到的乡村地区数据采用各镇域数据,城市地区数据采用浏阳市城区相应指标数据。 |
表2 浏阳市乡村吸引力水平的Moran's I指数及其显著性检验结果Table 2 Moran's I index of rural attraction level in Liuyang city and its significance test results |
检验结果 | Moran's I | p值 | z值 |
---|---|---|---|
参数值 | 0.395 | 0.003 | 3.287 |
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