西部生态脆弱区矿山不同开采强度下生态系统服务时空变化——以神府矿区为例
收稿日期: 2019-10-15
修回日期: 2019-11-29
网络出版日期: 2020-01-28
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目（41501562）; 国家重点实验室2016年开放基金课题（SHJT-16-30.16）; 山西省重点研发计划项目（201803D31224）
Spatio-temporal patterns of ecological capital under different mining intensities in an ecologically fragile mining area in Western China: A case study of Shenfu mining area
Received date: 2019-10-15
Revised date: 2019-11-29
Online published: 2020-01-28
以神府矿区为例,选取土地利用、植被覆盖、土壤、气象等生态环境与统计数据指标,利用RS和GIS技术构建生态系统服务遥感测量评估指标体系,评估研究区2005-2015年生态系统服务变化及时空分布特征,进一步探究神府矿区不同开采强度对生态系统服务的影响并进行驱动力分析。研究结果表明：（1）2005年、2010年、2015年研究区的总生态系统服务分别为1.598×1010元、1.905×1010元、2.134×1010元,呈现逐年递增的趋势;（2）生态系统服务功能中水土保持价值比例最大,草地的单位面积生态系统服务价值最高,耕地、草地生态系统为该地区贡献了最多的生态系统服务价值;（3）研究区生态系统服务分布表现为由东北向西南逐渐降低的趋势,不同开采强度下的生态系统服务增长变化较为相似,煤炭开采区域生态系统服务未显著下降,整体较为平稳。对生态系统服务变化的驱动分析表明在近年来相对改善的气候环境与人工修复共同作用下,神府矿区生态系统服务未发生明显的缩减。此类半干旱生态脆弱矿区国土空间生态修复适宜通过主动的“保护性开发”以及“人工诱导+自然修复”为主的方式,避免大范围与高强度的水土扰动型治理,通过适度的人为干预保证与维持区域内生态系统服务的功能。研究成果不但揭示高强度煤矿开采下的生态环境变化,也对西部生态脆弱区环境做了定量评估;同时,为将来的矿区重建提供了重要的依据。
肖武, 张文凯, 吕雪娇, 王新静 . 西部生态脆弱区矿山不同开采强度下生态系统服务时空变化——以神府矿区为例[J]. 自然资源学报, 2020 , 35(1) : 68 -81 . DOI: 10.31497/zrzyxb.20200107
Taking Shenfu mining area as an example, this paper selects the ecological environment and statistical data indicators such as land use, vegetation coverage, soil, and meteorology, and then using RS and GIS technology to build an ecosystem service remote sensing measurement and evaluation index system. On this basis, we assess the characteristics of changes in ecosystem services and the spatial and temporal distribution of the study area from 2005 to 2015, and further explore the impact and driving force analysis of ecosystem services under different mining intensities in the Shenfu mining area. The results show that: (1) The total ecosystem services in the study area in 2005, 2010 and 2015 were 1.598×1010 yuan, 1.905×1010 yuan and 2.134×1010 yuan, respectively, showing an increasing trend yearly. (2) The proportion of soil and water conservation value is the largest in ecosystem service functions. The per unit area of grassland has the highest ecosystem service value. Cultivated land and grassland ecosystems have contributed the most ecosystem service value to the region. (3) The distribution of ecosystem services in the study area shows a gradual decrease from northeast to southwest. The growth and changes of ecosystem services under different mining intensities are similar. The impact of coal mining activities on the ecological environment in the study area is generally increasing, and the overall situation is relatively stable. The driving analysis of changes in ecosystem services shows that, in recent years, under the combined effect of relatively improved climate and artificial restoration, ecosystem services in Shenfu mining area did not significantly decrease. The land and space ecological restoration of such semi-arid ecologically fragile mining areas is suitable to avoid large-scale and high-intensity soil and water disturbance governance through active "protective development" and "artificial induction + natural restoration". Through moderate human intervention, the function of ecosystem services in this region is guaranteed and maintained. The research results can well reflect the quality of the regional ecological environment and its changes, and can provide an important basis for regional sustainable development evaluation and ecological environment construction planning.
[1] XIAO W, FU Y H, WANG T, et al.Effects of land use transitions due to underground coal mining on ecosystem services in high groundwater table areas: A case study in the Yanzhou coalfield. Land Use Policy, 2018, 71: 213-221.
[2] LI N, YAN C Z, XIE J L, et al.Remote sensing monitoring recent rapid increase of coal mining activity of an important energy base in Northern China: A case study of Mu Us Sandy Land. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 2015, 94: 129-135.
[3] 胡振琪, 王金, 杨成兵, 等. 基于RS与GIS的榆林地区土地动态变化分析. 水土保持学报, 2008, 22(4): 82-85.
[HU Z Q, WANG J, YANG C B, et al.Dynamic monitoring analysis of land use based on RS and GIS in Yulin. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2008, 22(4): 82-85.]
[4] 李保杰, 顾和和, 纪亚洲, 等. 基于RS和GIS的矿区土地利用变化对生态服务价值损益影响研究: 以徐州市九里矿区为例. 水土保持研究, 2010, 17(5): 123-128.
[LI B J, GU H H, JI Y Z, et al.Effects of land use change on values of ecosystem services of Xuzhou based on RS & GIS: Taking Jiuli mining area for example. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2010, 17(5): 123-128.]
[5] 谭敏, 褚克坚, 华祖林, 等. 基于LUCC的生态服务价值动态分析及预测: 以徐州市区为例. 水土保持研究, 2014, 21(2): 297-301.
[TAN M, CHU K J, HUA Z L et al. Assessment and prediction of ecosystem service value based on land use and cover change: A case study of Xuzhou city, Jiangsu province. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2014, 21(2): 297-301.]
[6] 郝蓉, 白中科, 赵景逵, 等. 黄土区大型露天煤矿废弃地植被恢复过程中的植被动态. 生态学报, 2003, 23(8): 1470-1476.
[HAO R, BAI Z K, ZHAO J K, et al.Vegetation dynamics during plant rehabilition in degraded mined land of large opencast coal mine within loess area. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2003, 23(8): 1470-1476.]
[7] 谢少少, 马超, 田淑静, 等. 2000-2010年神东矿区植被NPP的变化特征及影响因素分析. 测绘科学技术学报, 2015, 32(1): 47-51.
[XIE S S, MA C, TIAN S J, et al.Change and climate impact of shendong coalfield from 2000 to 2010. Journal of Geomatics Science and Technology, 2015, 32(1): 47-51.]
[8] COSTANZA R, D'ARGE R, DE GROOT R, et al. The value of the world's ecosystem services and natural capital. Nature, 1997, 387(6630): 253-260.
[9] 欧阳志云, 赵同谦, 王效科, 等. 水生态服务功能分析及其间接价值评价. 生态学报, 2004, 24(10): 2091-2099.
[OUYANG Z Y, ZHAO T Q, WANG X K, et al.Ecosystem services analyses and valuation of China terrestrial surface water system. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2004, 24(10): 2091-2099.]
[10] 谢高地, 鲁春霞, 冷允法, 等. 青藏高原生态资产的价值评估. 自然资源学报, 2003, 18(2): 189-196.
[XIE G D, LU C X, LENG Y F, et al.Ecological assets valuation of the Tibetan Plateau. Journal of Natural Resources, 2003, 18(2): 189-196.]
[11] 潘耀忠, 史培军, 朱文泉, 等. 中国陆地生态系统生态资产遥感定量测量. 中国科学D辑: 地球科学, 2004, 34(4): 375-384.
[PAN Y Z, SHI P J, ZHU W Q, et al.Measurement of EC of Chinese terrestrial ecosystem based on remote sensing. Science in China Series D: Earth Sciences, 2004, 34(4): 375-384.]
[12] 陈曦, 张清, 周可法, 等. 干旱区生态资产遥感定量化评估及其动态变化分析. 科学通报, 2006, 51(s1): 168-174.
[CHEN X, ZHANG Q, ZHOU K F, et al.Remote sensing quantitative assessment and dynamic change analysis of ecological assets in arid areas. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2006, 51(s1): 168-174.]
[13] 于德永, 潘耀忠, 刘鑫, 等. 湖州市生态资产遥感测量及其在社会经济中的应用. 植物生态学报, 2006, 30(3): 404-413.
[YU Y D, PAN Y Z, LIU X, et al.EC measurement by remotely sensed data for HuZhou and its socio-economic application. Journal of Plant Ecology, 2006, 30(3): 404-413.]
[14] 全占军, 李远, 李俊生, 等. 采煤矿区的生态脆弱性: 以内蒙古锡林郭勒草原胜利煤田为例. 应用生态学报, 2013, 24(6): 1729-1738.
[QUAN Z J, LI Y, LI J S, et al.Ecological vulnerability of coal mining area: A case study of Shengli Coalfield in Xilinguole of Inner Mongolia, China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2013, 24(6): 1729-38.]
[15] 余国合. 中国煤炭资源生产重心变迁趋势分析: 基于煤炭资源综合评价体系. 资源与产业, 2013, 15(2): 27-34.
[YU G H. China's coal production center migration treed based on synthetic valuation on coal resources. Resources & Industries, 2013, 15(2): 27-34.]
[16] HE X B, LI Z B, HAO M D, et al.Down-scale analysis for water scarcity in response to soil water conservation on Loess Plateau of China. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2003, 94(3): 355-361.
[17] 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局. 中华人民共和国国家标准GB/T7929-1995: 土地利用现状调查技术规程. 北京: 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局, 2003.
[General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China. National Standard of the People's Republic of China GB/T7929-1995: Technical Regulations for the Investigation of Land Use Status. Beijing: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, 2003.]
[18] HOLBEN B N. Characteristics of maximum-value composite images from temporal AVHRR data. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 1986, 7: 1417-1434.
[19] GUTMAN G, IGNATOV A. The derivation of the green vegetation fractio from NOAA/AVHRR data for use in numericalweather prediction models. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 1998, 19(8): 1533-1543.
[20] 朱文泉, 张锦水, 潘耀忠, 等. 中国陆地生态系统生态资产测量及其动态变化分析. 应用生态学报, 2007, 18(3): 586-594.
[ZHU W Q, ZHANG J S, PAN Y Z, et al.Measurement and dynamic analysis of EC of terrestrial ecosystem in China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2007, 18(3): 586-594.]
[20] 李金昌, 姜文来, 靳乐山. 生态价值. 重庆:重庆大学出版社, 1999: 117.
[LI J C, JIANG W L, JIN L S. Ecological Value Theory.Chongqing: Chongqing University Press, 1999: 117.]
[21] 彭建, 武文欢, 刘焱序, 等. 基于PSR框架的内蒙古自治区土壤保持服务分区. 生态学报, 2017, 37(11): 3849-3861.
[PENG J, WU W H, LIU Y X, et al.Soil conservation service zoning in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous region based on PSR framework. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2017, 37(11): 3849-3861.]
[22] RENARD K G, FOSTER G R, WEESIES G A, et al.Predicting soil erosion by water: A guide to conservation planning with the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE). Agriculture Handbook. Washington D C, 1997.
[23] 陈明辉, 陈颖彪, 郭冠华, 等. 快速城市化地区生态资产遥感定量评估: 以广东省东莞市为例. 自然资源学报, 2012, 27(4): 601-613.
[CHEN M H, CHEN Y B, GUO G H, et al.Remote sensing quantitative assessment of ecological assets in rapid urbanization regions: A case study of Dongguan city, Guangdong province. Journal of Natural Resources, 2012, 27(4): 601-613.]
[24] 孙平安, 林年丰, 李昭阳, 等. 松嫩平原水土保持价值复合计算模型的建立及应用. 吉林大学, 2006, 36(3): 433-442.
[SUN P A, LIN N F, LI Z Y, et al.A quantitative computation model of water and soil conservation value in Songnen Plain. Journal of Jilin University: Earth Science Edition, 2006, 36(3): 433-442.]
[25] 肖武, 胡振琪, 许献磊, 等. 煤矿区土地复垦成本确定方法. 煤炭学报, 2010, 35(s1): 175-179.
[XIAO W, HU Z Q, XU X L, et al.Cost definite method of land reclamation in coal mining area. Journal of China Coal Society, 2010, 35(s1): 175-179.]
[26] 范立民, 马雄德, 李永红, 等. 西部高强度采煤区矿山地质灾害现状与防控技术. 煤炭学报, 2017, 42(2): 276-285.
[FAN L M, MA X D, LI Y H, et al.Geological disasters and control technology in high intensity mining area of Western China. Journal of China Coal Society, 2017, 42(2): 276-285.]
[27] 史晓琼, 杨泽元, 张艳娜, 等. 陕北高强度采煤对生态环境影响的研究进展. 煤炭技术, 2016, 35(1): 314-316.
[SHI X Q, YANG Z Y, ZHANG Y N, et al.Reviews of influence by high-intensity coal mining on ecological environment in Northern Shaanxi. Coal Technology, 2016, 35(1): 314-316.]
[28] 李全生, 贺安民, 曹志国. 神东矿区现代煤炭开采技术下地表生态自修复研究. 煤炭工程, 2012, (12): 120-122.
[LI Q S, HE A M, CAO Z G. Study on surface ecological self-repair of modern coal mining technology in Shendong mining area. Coal Engineering, 2012, (12): 120-122.]
[29] 杜建平, 邵景安, 周春蓉, 等. 基于生态适宜度和三角模型的煤矿临时建设用地复垦决策研究. 自然资源学报, 2018, 33(11): 1872-1885.
[DU J P, SHAO J A, ZHOU C R, et al.Reclamation decision for temporary construction land of coal mines based on niche-fitness and Triangle Model. Journal of Natural Resources, 2018, 33(11): 1872-1885.]
[30] 谭学玲, 闫庆武, 王瑾, 等. 榆神府矿区植被覆盖的动态变化及其影响因素. 生态学杂志, 2018, 37(6): 1645-1653.
[TAN X L, YAN Q W, WANG J, et al.The dynamics of vegetation coverage and its influencing factors in Yushenfu coalmine. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2018, 37(6): 1645-1653.]
[31] 范立民, 张晓团, 向茂西, 等. 浅埋煤层高强度开采区地裂缝发育特征: 以陕西榆神府矿区为例. 煤炭学报, 2015, 40(6): 1442-1447.
[FAN L M, ZHANG X T, XIANG M X, et al.Characteristics of ground fissure development in high intensity mining area of shallow seam in Yushenfu coal field. Journal of China Coal Society, 2015, 40(6): 1442-1447.]
[32] 王双明, 黄庆享, 范立民, 等. 生态脆弱矿区含(隔)水层特征及保水开采分区研究. 煤炭学报, 2010, 35(1): 7-14.
[WANG S M, HUANG Q X, FAN L M, et al.Study on overburden aquclude and water protection mining regionazation in the ecological fragile mining area. Journal of China Coal Society, 2010, 35(1): 7-14.]
[33] 张建民, 李鹏, 高亮. 超大综采工作面采动覆岩结构损伤研究. 神华科技, 2013, 11(4): 20-23.
[ZHANG J M, LI P, GAO L. Research on structural damage of mining overburden rock of oversized fully mechanized coal mining face. Shenhua Technology, 2013, 11(4): 20-23.]
[34] 胡振琪, 龙精华, 王新静. 论煤矿区生态环境的自修复、自然修复和人工修复. 煤炭学报, 2014, 39(8): 1751-1757.
[HU Z Q, LONG J H, WANG X J. Self-healing, natural restoration and artificial restoration of ecological environment for coal mining. Journal of China Coal Society, 2014, 39(8): 1751-1757.]
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |