收缩情境下城市土地利用及其生态系统服务的研究进展
作者简介:吴康(1984- ),男,江苏淮安人,副教授,博士生导师,研究方向为城市经济地理与空间规划、城市大数据分析与模拟。E-mail: wukang@cueb.edu.cn
收稿日期: 2018-08-08
要求修回日期: 2018-12-18
网络出版日期: 2019-05-28
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(41671161,71733001)
北京高校青年拔尖人才培育计划(CIT&TCD201804097)
Research progress of urban land use and its ecosystem services in the context of urban shrinkage
Received date: 2018-08-08
Request revised date: 2018-12-18
Online published: 2019-05-28
Copyright
随着国际国内社会经济环境的变化,城市收缩这一新现象逐渐在我国部分城市区域空间中呈现,成为未来新型城镇化转型的挑战之一。在简要梳理城市收缩相关文献的基础上,以土地利用为主线,重点关注收缩情景下的土地利用模拟及其政策、空置土地与城市生态系统服务等方面的相关研究。研究结果表明:(1)当前对城市收缩问题的研究主要集中于人口变动和经济发展维度,对由此引发的土地利用以及生态系统变化关注较少。(2)土地利用模拟在分析和预测收缩情境下的城市土地利用变化上具有较大价值,但不同模型适用于不同研究情景,复合模型将具有更好的解释力。(3)土地利用政策的制定和实施应充分考虑经济社会各方面诉求,绿色空间存储制度是促进收缩城市可持续发展的有力措施。(4)城市收缩产生的空置土地为发展生态系统服务提供了空间,应发展适用于我国城市收缩的生态系统服务评估方法。在我国城镇化进入“存量模式”甚至“减量模式”的背景下,应加大对城市收缩情景下土地利用和生态系统维度的研究,要积极借鉴并整合资源科学、地理学、生态学、管理科学和城市规划等相关学科的研究方法,并紧密结合我国当前城市发展和空间规划所面临的现实问题,促进城市收缩研究的方法创新和收缩城市的可持续发展。
吴康 , 李耀川 . 收缩情境下城市土地利用及其生态系统服务的研究进展[J]. 自然资源学报, 2019 , 34(5) : 1121 -1134 . DOI: 10.31497/zrzyxb.20190517
With the transformation of international and domestic socio-economic environment, the new phenomenon of urban shrinkage has emerged in some urban areas of China, and become one of the new challenges in new-type urbanizing China. Based on a brief review of the literature on urban shrinkage, this paper focuses on land use simulation and its policies, vacant land and urban ecosystem services under the shrinkage scenarios. The research indicates that: (1) The current research on urban shrinkage in China has mainly concentrated on the dimensions of urban population loss and economic development while less attention is focused on land use and urban ecosystem changes. (2) Land use simulation has great value in analyzing and predicting urban land use change under shrinkage scenarios, but different models are applicable to different research scenarios, and compound models will have better explanatory power. (3) The formulation and implementation of land use policies should fully consider all aspects of economy and society; The green space storage system is a powerful instrument to promote the sustainable development of shrinking cities. (4) The vacant land generated by urban shrinkage provides space for the development of ecosystem services; an ecosystem service assessment method that is suitable for urban shrinkage in China should be developed. (5) In the context of China's urbanization entering the "stock model" or even the "reduction model", research on land use and ecosystem dimensions under urban shrinkage scenarios should be concerned. It is necessary to actively learn from and integrate research methods of related disciplines such as resource science, geography, ecology, management science and urban planning, and closely combine the practical problems faced by China's current urban development and spatial planning, thus promoting the innovation of urban shrinkage research methods and the sustainable development of the shrinking cities.
Key words: land use; shrinking cities; ecosystem services; research progress
Fig. 1 Co-occurrence analysis of domestic and foreign literature keywords in terms of shrinking cities图1 城市收缩研究国内外文献关键词共现分析 |
Fig. 2 Distribution of shrinking cities identified by official urban population during 2007-2016图2 2007-2016年城区人口发生收缩的城市分布 |
Table 1 Summary of identification methods of shrinking cities表1 收缩城市的识别方法汇总 |
研究视角 | 指标 | 数据来源 | 相关文献 |
---|---|---|---|
人口变动 | 常住人口 | 第五、第六次人口普查,城市统计年鉴 | 李郇等[21],张学良等[43] |
常住人口、户籍人口、就业人口 | 第五、第六次人口普查,城市统计年鉴 | 吴康等[8] | |
常住人口、户籍人口 | 第五、第六次人口普查,城市统计年鉴 | 周恺等[44] | |
社会经济 | 历史因素、行政区划、经济因素、社会要素、交通要素 | 第五、第六次人口普查,城市统计年鉴 | 龙瀛等[22] |
人口增速、经济增速、劳动力与就业、土地扩张、财政收支情况 | 城市统计年鉴 | 林雄斌等[24] | |
企业所有权性质、外商直接投资额、资本量、出口状态、以企业总资产计算的企业规模以及企业雇员人数,城市人口和经济规模、财政支出、外商直接投资 | 中国工业企业数据库,城市统计年鉴 | 刘玉博等[26] | |
经济、劳动力、移民、房地产 | 加拿大统计局,Chatham-Kent市政府,加拿大房地产抵押公司 | Hart[25] | |
地理景观与空间分析(含互联网大数据类指标) | 遥感解译城镇建设用地数据、人口数据 | 第五、第六次人口普查,2000年、2010年遥感影像资料 | 杨东峰等[28] |
DMSP/OLS夜光数据、社会保险登记人口、国内生产总值数据 | 城市统计年鉴、社会保障局、美国国家海洋和大气管理局(NOAA) | 杜志威等[38] | |
城市灯光辐射总强度、城市建设用地总面积 | NOAA,国家基础地理信息中心 | 董磊磊等[39] | |
街景图片数据 位置与兴趣点(POIs) 位置服务的大数据(LBS) | 地图服务商网站抓取 百度大数据实验室 某互联网服务商 | 李智等[27] Chi等[41] 龙瀛等[42] |
Fig. 3 Influence mechanism of shrinking cities on land use and ecological system图3 收缩城市对土地利用与生态系统的影响机理 |
Fig. 4 The iteration of the coupled SD-CA model that involves an extended ABM model图4 包含ABM模型拓展的SD-CA耦合模型迭代 |
Fig. 5 The impact of land use change and ecosystem services on residents' quality of life图5 土地利用变化和生态系统服务对居民生活质量的影响 |
Fig. 6 Ecosystem service improvement methods for shrinking cities based on land use simulation图6 基于土地利用模拟的收缩城市生态系统服务改善思路 |
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