基于水资源转化模拟的石羊河流域水资源优化配置
收稿日期: 2010-10-24
修回日期: 2011-03-30
网络出版日期: 2011-08-20
基金资助
国家自然科学基金(50879071); 水利部公益性行业科研专项(200801104); 西北农林科技大学青年学术骨干支持计划资助项目。
Water Resources Optimal Allocation Based on Simulation of Water Resources Transformation in Shiyanghe River Basin
Received date: 2010-10-24
Revised date: 2011-03-30
Online published: 2011-08-20
流域水循环过程是水资源合理配置对象依存和演化的基础。针对内陆河流域水资源多次转化多次利用的特点,建立以水资源转化过程为基础的流域水资源优化配置模型。按水力联系将内陆河流域系统分为独立的子系统。按水资源转化特点和用水格局将各独立水系统分渠灌区、井灌区和渠井混灌区三个一级计算单元,每个一级计算单元由若干灌区(二级计算单元)组成。运用水均衡模型和BP人工神经网络模型模拟一级计算单元间的水资源转化过程,分别模拟井灌区和渠井混灌区的来水量。建立一级计算单元和二级计算单元两层水资源优化模型,分别以灌溉用水效益最大和公平用水为配置目标。将一级计算单元的优化模型耦合到水资源转化模拟模型中。凉州区配置水量10.68×108 m3,金川区为2.63×108 m3,流域农业灌溉用水16.64×108 m3,占总毛用水量的75％,相比现状有大幅下降。分别采用模拟寻优和遗传算法求解两层优化模型,将水量分配到灌区,进而分配到行政区,实现水资源的流域配置和行政区配置的统一,便于水资源统一管理。
关键词： 流域水资源配置实现; 水均衡模型; BP人工神经网络模型; 石羊河流域
史银军, 粟晓玲, 徐万林, 南彩艳, 杨雪菲 . 基于水资源转化模拟的石羊河流域水资源优化配置[J]. 自然资源学报, 2011 , 26(8) : 1423 -1434 . DOI: 10.11849/zrzyxb.2011.08.017
Process of hydrological cycle is the basis of water resources reasonable allocation. With the characteristic of multi-time transformation and the pattern of the reutilization of water resources in the inland river basin, this paper attempts to establish an optimal allocation model based on the simulation of water resources transformation. The inland river basin is divided into three independent subsystems according to hydraulic connection. An independent subsystem is divided into three primary calculation units of canal irrigation district, well irrigation district and mixed canal and well irrigation district according to the characteristic of water resources transformation and pattern of water utilization. A primary calculation unit includes several irrigation districts (secondary calculated units). Two models of water balance and BP artificial neural network were established to simulate inflow of well irrigation district and mixed canal and well irrigation district respectively. Two-layer optimal models of primary and secondary were established to allocate water resources between primary and secondary calculation units respectively, with the objectives of maximum irrigation benefit and equity respectively. The optimal results of water resources allocation were obtained by the solution of simulation optimizing and genetic algorithms through combining the two simulation models. And the water resources of irrigation district and administrative district were allocated with Liangzhou 10.68×108m3 and Jinchuan 2.63×108m3, irrigation water is 16.61×108m3 which is 75% of the whole basin water and reduced greatly when compared with present water use. The unity of allocation of basin and administrative district will be realized.
[1] 王浩, 陈敏建, 秦大庸, 等. 西北地区水资源合理配置和承载能力研究[M]. 郑州: 黄河水利出版社, 2003. [WANG Hao, CHEN Min-jian, QIN Da-yong, et al. Research of Water Resources Reasonable Allocation and Capacity in Northwest China. Zhengzhou: Yellow River Water Conservancy Press, 2003.]
[2] 粟晓玲, 康绍忠. 干旱区面向生态的水资源合理配置研究进展与关键问题[J]. 农业工程学报, 2005, 21(1): 167-172. [SU Xiao-ling, KANG Shao-zhong. Research advances and key topics on optimal allocation of water resources based on ecosystem in the arid areas. Transactions of the CSAE, 2005, 21(1): 167-172.]
[3] 王浩, 王成明, 王建华, 等. 二元年径流演化模式及其在无定河流的应用[J]. 中国科学E辑: 技术科学, 2004, 34(增刊1): 42-48. [WANG Hao, WANG Cheng-ming, WANG Jian-hua, et al. Science in China Series E: Technological Sciences, 2004, 34(Supp 1): 42-48.]
[4] 高前兆, 仵彦卿. 河西内陆河流域的水循环分析[J]. 水科学进展, 2004, 15(3): 391-396. [GAO Qian-zhao, WU Yan-qing. Analysis of water cycle in inland river basins in Hexi Region. Advances in Water Science, 2004, 15(3): 391-396.]
[5] Jia Y W, Wang H, Zhou Z H, et al. Development of the WEP-L distributed hydrological model and dynamic assessment of water resources in the Yellow River Basin [J]. Hydrology, 2006, 331: 606-629.
[6] 仇亚琴, 周祖昊, 贾仰文, 等. 三川河流域水资源演变个例研究[J]. 水科学进展, 2006, 17(6): 865-872. [QIU Ya-qin, ZHOU Zu-hao, JIA Yang-wen, et al. A case study on the evolutionary law of water resources in San-chuan River Basin. Advances in Water Science, 2006, 16(6): 865-872.]
[7] 贾仰文, 王浩, 周祖昊, 等. 海河流域二元水循环模型开发及其应用[J]. 水科学进展, 2010, 21(1): 1-8. [JIA Yang-wen, WANG Hao, ZHOU Zu-hao, et al. Development and application of dualistic water cycle model in Haihe River Basin. Advances in Water Science, 2010, 21(1): 1-8.]
[8] 魏传江. 水资源配置中的生态耗水系统分析[J]. 中国水利水电科学研究院学报, 2006, 4(4): 282-286. [WEI Chuan-jiang. Analysis on ecological water consumption system in water resources deployment. Journal of China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, 2006, 4(4): 282-286.]
[9] 裴源生, 赵勇, 王建华. 流域水资源实时调度研究[J]. 水科学进展, 2006, 17(3): 395-401. [PEI Yuan-sheng, ZHAO Yong, WANG Jiang-hua. Basin water resources real-time allocation: Case study in the Heihe River Basin. Advances in Water Science, 2006, 17(3): 395-401.]
[10] 王浩, 王建华, 秦大庸, 等. 基于二元水循环模式的水资源评价理论方法[J]. 水利学报, 2006, 37(12): 1496-1502. [WANG Hao, WANG Jan-hua, QIN Da-yong, et al. Theory and methodology of water resources assessment based on dualistic water cycle model. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2006, 37(12): 1496-1502.]
[11] 粟晓玲. 石羊河流域面向生态的水资源合理配置理论与模型研究. 杨凌: 西北农林科技大学, 2007. [SU Xiao-ling. Theory and Model and Resources Reasonable Allocation Oriented Ecology in the Shiyang River Basin. Yangling: Northwest A & F University, 2007.]
[12] 高飞, 张元禧. 河西走廊内陆石羊河流域水资源转化模型及其时移转化关系[J]. 水利学报, 1995, 11: 77-83. [GAO Fei, ZHANG Yuan-xi. The model and the cross-correlation ship of water resources for the inland Shiyang River Basin, Hexi Corridor. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 1995, 11: 77-83.]
[13] 甘肃省水利水电勘测设计研究院. 石羊河流域水资源开发利用现状评价报告[R]. 1998. [Investigation and Design Institute of Conservancy and Hydropower in Gansu Province. Current evaluation report of water resources development in Shiyang River Basin. 1998.]
[14] 武威市水利局. 武威市水资源开发利用现状分析[M]. 2000. [Department of Water Resources in Wuwei. Current Analysis of Water Resources Development in Wuwei. 2000.]
[15] 甘肃省地勘局水文地质工程地质勘查院. 石羊河流域平原区地质环境监测报告[R]. 2001. [Exploration Institute of Hydrogeology and Geology Engineering of Geology Bureau in Gansu Province. Geological environmental monitoring report in Shiyang River Basin. 2001.]
[16] 甘肃省水利水电勘测设计研究院, 清华大学. 石羊河流域重点治理规划[R]. 2007. [Investigation and Design Institute of Conservancy and Hydropower in Gansu Province, Tsinghua University. The major treatment planning of Shiyang River Basin. 2007.]
[17] 郝博. 基于GIS和RS的石羊河流域植被生态需水的时空分布规律研究[D]. 杨凌: 西北农林科技大学, 2010. [HAO Bo. Spatial and Temporal Distribution Regularities of Ecological Water Requirement for Natural Vegetation Based on GIS and RS in Shiyang River Basin. Yangling: Northwest A & F University, 2010.]
[18] 史银军, 粟晓玲. 干旱区内陆河流域水资源使用权多目标优化分配[J]. 干旱地区农业研究, 2010, 28(2): 136-140. [SHI Yin-jun, SU Xiao-ling. Water resources usufruct multiobjective optimal allocation in the inland river basin of arid areas: A case study on Shiyang River Basin. Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas, 2010, 28(2): 136-140.]
[19] 甘肃省水利厅. 甘肃省水资源公报[M]. 2008. [Department of Water Resources in Gansu Province. Water Bulletin of Gansu Province. 2008.]
[20] 雷英杰. MATLAB遗传算法工具箱及应用[M]. 西安: 西安电子科技大学出版社, 2005. [LEI Ying-jie. Application of GA Toolbox in MATLAB. Xi’an: Xidian University Press, 2005.]
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |