城市空间扩展在不同的经济发展阶段表现出不同特征。论文以处于不同经济发展阶段的福州和台北为例,以不同时段的遥感影像数据为数据源,结合相关历史文献和城市统计资料,借助GIS技术提取城市空间扩展信息。在此基础上,采用扩展速度、分维数、紧凑度等方法对福州和台北1988—2010年城市空间扩展的时空变化特征及其影响因素进行对比分析。结果表明:22 a来,福州城市建设用地年均扩展速率为台北的4.03倍,福州城市用地快速扩展,与台北形成明显的差异;福州城市空间扩展类型前期以外延类型为主,后期转为外延扩展与内部填充并重,而台北城市空间扩展类型则是以内部填充为主;福州和台北都受到自然地理环境、经济发展和人口增长、交通基础设施建设以及政策与规划等因素的共同影响,但各因素的主导作用不同,导致两地城市空间扩展特征存在差异。
The characteristics of urban spatial expansion were different in each phase of economic development. Taipei was in the stage of post industrialization and Fuzhou was in the middle stage of industrialization. Comparative study of urban spatial expansion in these two regions could be a good case because they were similar in biophysical and cultural characteristics but differ in the level of economic development. In this study, we extracted urban spatial expansion information in these two regions based on the TM images of 1988, 2004 and 2010. Urban spatial expansion was studied by analyzing some concerned historical literatures, urban statistics data and urban built-up area maps based on fractal model and compact index. The research results show that, during the period from 1988 to 2010, the magnitude of urban land growth in Fuzhou was 4.03 times that of Taipei. The expansion form changed from a single external expansion to a combination form of external and internal expansion in Fuzhou, while Taipei was in the form of internal expansion. Through discussion, we could see that the main natural factors and human factors influenced urban spatial expansion in Fuzhou and Taipei in the past 22 years,including the following aspects: physiographic environment, economic development, population growth, traffic infrastructure construction, and government policy and planning. Effect of terrain condition on urban spatial expansion in Taipei was notable, but it was not marked in Fuzhou.
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