使用重庆国土整治的规划规模、增加耕地和投资及其运行实践,并考虑到未来经济运行对土地利用形态变化的需求,构建"减压增效"理念下重庆国土整治运行框架。结果表明:未来国土整治的"减压增效"框架,不可能再走以往依靠国土资源开发的老路。新农村建设、集体土地流转、城乡统筹试验区等国家对重庆的政策倾斜凸现在框架构建中的作用;促进增长合作型框架运行模式,把政府权利置换工作与国土整治结合起来。模式中的政府主要提供宽松环境,最大限度地动用社会资源参与区域国土资源的整治;都市圈旧城改造和迁村并点区以"减压增效"为主,渝西整治提高耕地系数区和长江北岸库区平行岭谷整治增加耕地产出区以"增效"为主,而渝东南(东北)和长江南岸库区整治增加林地分布区以"减压"为主,形成"新框架"下重庆国土资源整治的空间互补格局;都市圈、渝东南(东北)和长江南岸库区以整治恢复重建为主,而渝西和长江北岸库区平行岭谷区采取整治恢复措施,各区建立生物篱保护区内植被的自然恢复,并通过廊道将平行岭谷或"孤岛"的生态流流动起来,实现天然-人工生态经济实验区的设想。研究有助于服务于成渝城乡统筹试验区经济跨越式发展对土地的需求和经济梯度的转移,丰富国家层面对国土整治和区域发展的理解和认识,为重庆国土整治的进一步推进提供科学依据。

Using the conditions of land consolidation, such as its planning scales, increasing areas, investments and effective operations, especially the demands of future economic development for land use patterns, this paper obtains the implementation strategies of land consolidation and its operation in Chongqing, based on the ideas of "decreasing pressure, increasing efficiency". The results showed that the implementation strategies of future land consolidation for "decreasing pressure, increasing efficiency" would focus on cultivated land consolidation, in associating with the potential unit of residential land consolidation in Chongqing. However, over-rely on the development of land consolidation was not in line with the objective reality of Chongqing. The policy inclinations of the state to Chongqing, as the building of new countryside, the transfer of collective land-use right and the pilot area of coordinating urban and rural development, play the highlight role on the implementation strategies of land consolidation. The implementation strategies of growth-promoting cooperation combine the right replacement of government to land consolidation. In this mode, the government leads no longer just the operation of regional land consolidation, while provides a relaxed environment for its operation. Thus, the maximum social resources are used to participate in regional land consolidation, such as main private and on-governmental organizations, including companies, enterprises and individuals, and so on. The objective of "decreasing pressure, increasing efficiency" is paid more attention in the metropolitan area, where old city regeneration and annexation of villages into a larger settlement are carried out. Increasing efficiency is focused on western Chongqing, where increasing the coefficient of cultivated land is emphasized, and in the valley and ridge paralleling northern bank of the Yangtze River of the Three-Gorges Reservoir area, where the increase the output of cultivated land is more interesting for land consolidation. However, in the northeastern and southeastern Chongqing and southern bank of the Yangtze River of the Three-Gorges Reservoir area, decreasing pressure is mainly implemented, in order to increase the distribution of forest areas. Four areas the above-mentioned become the spatial dependence patterns of Chongqing's land consolidation under the new "implementation strategies". Restoring and reconstructing landscape patterns is emphasized mainly in the metropolitan area, northeastern and southeastern Chongqing and southern bank of the Yangtze River of Three-Gorges Reservoir area, while restoring mode is focused primarily on western Chongqing and northern bank of the Yangtze River of Three-Gorges Reservoir area. At the same time, biological fences for every area are built to protect its vegetation naturally recovering. Moreover, ecological flow among single islands/valley and ridge paralleling, or between them are being together through the corridors. Consequently, the conception of natural-artificial ecological experiment economic area is achieved. Our findings contribute to the demand for land and the transfer of economic gradient of economic "great-leap-forward" development of Chengdu-Chongqing pilot area. The understanding and awareness is richened in land consolidation and regional development at the national level.