对天目湖流域居民生态补偿认知状况进行问卷调查,选取支付意愿法、水资源价值法和收入损失法三种方法对天目湖流域生态补偿标准进行核算。改进的支付意愿法得到生态补偿总额为12 924.08×104元;基于水源保护功能的水资源价值法测算的生态补偿标准为6 190.4×104元;采用直接收入损失法计算的天目湖流域生态补偿总额为5 839×104元。三者相比较,引入旅游者门票反哺支付意愿的支付意愿法,更完善地表达了天目湖流域的生态补偿标准额,可以作为现阶段天目湖流域水源地生态补偿标准制订的重要依据。只有从政策层面上对水源保护区实行差别化政绩考核制度,给予水源区一定程度的政策倾斜,才能从根本上调动政府和当地居民保护生态环境的积极性。
Based on the study of present situation of the Tianmu Lake Basin, a questionnaire including individual information, residential recognition condition of environmental protection and eco-compensation and willingness to pay of residents and tourism was designed. Willingness to payment method, water resource value evaluation and income loss assessment have been chosen to evaluated the standard of ecological compensation. The gross amount of eco-compensation payment is 129240.8 thousand yuan according to WTP method. As to the water resource value evaluation, the result of which is 61904 thousand yuan. Income loss assessment reaches a total eco-compensation amount of 58390 thousand yuan. Comparing with the three results, we think the result of WTP can be regarded as the standard for tourists by introducing ticket price. To carry out ecological compensation, different evaluation systems and special policy must be worked out to protect the enthusiasm of local government and residents for water protection.
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