论文利用遥感和GIS技术手段,运用土地利用转移矩阵和景观格局指数的模型,对新开河流域湿地近33年(1969—2001年)景观格局的动态变化过程进行了定量分析。结果显示:①随着流域人口的增加、土地利用活动的加强和水文条件的变化,新开河流域湿地不同程度地转化为草地、耕地、沙地和盐碱地,植物群落发生逆向演变。期间湿地总面积经历了大幅度减少到显著增加的落起过程;②新开河流域湿地景观破碎化严重,2001年沼泽地平均斑块面积、最大斑块面积、最大斑块周长较1969年分别减少了71.02%、71.08%、64.76%,景观破碎化指数由0.78上升到0.93。有关研究成果可为该流域湿地保护及其合理利用提供科学依据。

This article,using the model of land-use conversion matrix and landscape pattern index by the technical means of RS and GIS,quantitatively analyzes the dynamic changing process of landscape pattern in the Xinkai River Basin during the past 33 years(from 1969 to 2001).Results show that(1)the wetlands of Xinkai River Basin had changed to meadow,farmland,sandy land or salina to different degrees with the inerease of population,intensification of land-use practices and changes of hydrological conditions,leading to the converse growth of the vegetation.(2)With severe fragmentized situation in 2001,the average area of the parcels,the maximum area of the parcel and the perimeter of the maximum parcel decreased by 71.02%,71.08% and 64.76% respectively,compared with that of 1969.While the SL increased from 0.78 to 0.93.This research achievement can provide scientific basis for the protection and rational utilization of wetlands in the Basin.