农村居民点整理是优化用地布局、集约利用土地和建设社会主义新农村的重要措施。以经济发达区的浙江省嵊州市为例,研究农村居民点整理的驱动力和模式。研究表明:1996—2005年嵊州市农村居民点用地呈先增加后减少的变化趋势,农村居民点整理的政策驱动力包括耕地占补平衡政策和土地整理折抵建设用地指标异地调剂政策,经济社会驱动力包括市(县)域经济发展、城市化与农村经济社会发展。"三方共建"模式的特点是政府相关部门、村集体经济组织和村民三方共同出资共同实施。模式构成的关键因素反映出上述驱动力的影响作用。典型案例效益明显,如新增耕地率66.67%,资金平衡度228%,土地集约利用度提高176%等,耕作半径变化小,对人口城镇化和传统村落文化无显著影响。

Following the Chinese government’s increasing attention to the three dimensional rural issues and building a new socialist countryside,land consolidation of rural habitat has been turned into a hot issue.Now the key is,compared with a great lot arable land consolidation projects completed in just a few years,few land consolidation projects of rural habitat are successful. Different from most other parts of China,683 of 1146 administrative villages had successfully completed the land consolidation projects of rural habitat in 2001-2005 in Shengzhou,Zhejiang.So,it’s necessary to analyze the driving force and model of these projects and recommend the successful experience to the similarity regions in China. The rural habitat area reduced after a process of expansion from 1996 to 2004,and some differences in features of land space are analyzd with ARCGIS and fragstats3.0.Land-use policy and rural economic and social factors are the driving forces of land consolidation of rural habitat. Policy driving factors of land consolidation in rural habitat include the policy of balance of arable land and policy of regional transfer of arable land occupied index produced in land consolidation of rural habitat.Economic and social driving forces which are calculated with Principal Component Analysis by DPS(Data Processing System)include the city’s economic and social development,urbanization and rural economic and social development. The consolidation model of Shengzhou is characterized by projects which are invested and practiced by three main groups,including relevant government departments(for land consolidation and reclamation),the village collective economic organizations,and villagers.The two key questions are the finances and the voluntary support of villagers,which are restricted by rural economic and social development,and land use policy. From one typical project of Chongren we can see that,the land-use pattern was optimized, 66.67% of new farmland was produced,the average fund balance reached 228%,intensive land-use increased by 176%,agricultural employment increased 20% and land pensions 10%.Although farming radius becomes less than 500m,there are no significant change in urbanization of the rural population and traditional culture.