资源的可持续开发利用是矿业城市所面临的共同难题和持续发展的关键。以我国东、中、西部地区典型矿业城市——东营、焦作和克拉玛依市为例,总结出矿业城市资源开发利用中带有共性的五大问题,即矿产资源枯竭问题,生态环境保护问题,矿产资源与其它资源的组合开发利用问题,矿产资源与其它资源的博弈开发利用问题,资源综合开发利用以及资源、非资源要素的协调问题。据此对症下药,提出了我国矿业城市资源可持续开发利用的战略思路,并提出了7种可持续的资源开发利用模式,即“细水长流”模式,“黑绿置换”模式,“优势组合”模式,“优势延伸”模式,“地企融合”模式,国有+民营的“双轮驱动”模式,公有+非公有的“双轨并行”模式。

Sustainable exploitation and utilization of natural resources is the key to the sustainable development of mining cities.It is also a general problem for all kinds of mining cities to resolve.Three typical mining cities in the eastern,central and western parts of China are taken as a case,including Dongying,Jiaozuo and Karamy.From their experience on exploiting and utilizing natural resources(mining resources and other natural resources),five problems during the exploitation and utilization of natural resources in all mining cities are summarized:(1)mining cities are all threatened by the exhausted mining resources;(2)eco-environmental problems are more serious and need more attention;(3)mining resources and other natural resources requires effective combination;(4)mining resources and other natural resources need competing in exploitation and utilization according to the game theory;and(5)all kinds of natural resources should be exploited and utilized synthetically and the relationship between natural resources and social resources should be harmonized.According to these problems,the strategic thoughts on the sustainable exploitation and utilization of natural resources for mining cities in China are presented,and seven kinds of rational patterns are introduced:(1)economize to avoid running short;(2)black to green;(3)combining preponderant resources;(4)extending preponderant industrial chains;(5)amalgamation of local and state-owned enterprises;(6)two main driving forces from state-owned and private enterprises and(7)two important parts of public-owned and private economic system.