论文运用物流分析的基本思想,基于我国森林资源产品产量、贸易量统计资料,采用统一单位“原木当量”(m3),估算了1981～2000年森林资源采伐和产品加工环节的资源流量,进而分析我国森林资源产品流动的变化特征。结果表明,我国从“六五”(1981～1985年)到“九五”(1996～2000年)期间,消耗森林资源量分别为10230×104、11678×104、13444×104和16962×104m3/a,呈加速增长趋势。其中,来自国外的资源流量占总流量的比重呈增加趋势,“六五”期间占19.1%,到“九五”期间上升为48.3%。流入资源以原木、木浆、纸及纸板、胶合板为主,它们主要来自北美、东亚、东南亚地区,有来源多地区化的变化趋向。森林资源在“六五”期间主要流向原木锯材类产品加工,随着产品流向结构的逐步改善,更多的资源流向人造板类产品的生产消费;纸类产品生产消费的资源流量增加迅速,但主要来自国外。
To study the characteristics of resource flow and its dynamics in socio-economic syst-em is of great help for us both to compare the changes of demands of natural resources in different development periods and to understand the relationship between resource flow and environment.Based on statistical data of forest resource and its products including the data of their imports and exports,this paper analyzed,using the method of MFA(material flow analysis) and the uniform physical unit-timber volume equivalent(cubic meter),the flowing characteristics of the forest resource and its products in China's economic system during 1981～2000.The results showed that the annual consumption amount of forest resources in the Sixth,in the Seventh,in the Eighth and in the Ninth Five-Year Plan period is 10 230×104m3,11 678×104m3,13 444×104m3, and 16 962×104m3 respectively.The accelerated increasing trend of resource flow is obvious,as well as that of imports.During 1981～1985,about 19.1% of total consumed resources are imported from various countries and regions,and the percentage has risen to 49.3 in the Ninth Five-Year Plan period.The main import commodities include log,paper pulp,paper and veneer.These comm-odities come mainly from North America (USA and Canada),Russia,Southeast Asia (Malaysia,Indonesia,Philippines and Myanmar) and East Asia (Japan,South Korea,Hong Kong and Taiwan).In 1981～1985,the forest resources mainly flowed to the industries of manufactured log, saw-wood and so on.With the improvement of resource flow,more and more resources flowed to the industries of manufactured paper pulp,veneer and so on.Otherwise,the paper pulp and the forest consumption by manufacturing paper had been mainly depended upon import of forest resources.Therefore,the authors suggest that China has to increase the utilization efficiency of forest resources and the input to paper production for higher economic benefit for the purpose of cont-rolling the exhaustion of forest resource and making it sustainable.
