退耕还林还草是治理黄土高原水土流失的有效措施。科学分析现有土地及其利用结构是退耕还林还草战略实施的重要保证。论文应用科学抽样数据资料,分析了黄土高原地区土地、耕地的坡度构成及其土地垦殖率等的区域差异特征,提出了黄土高原地区退耕还林(草)紧迫性地域分级。其结果可以为根据有限的资金,分区分批进行退耕,最大限度地保证粮食安全,并实现区域生态重建,为合理实施退耕提供科学依据。

The Loess Plateau is famous for its severe water and soil loss in the world.An effective measure to control water and soil loss is to return farmland into forests or grassland.Scientific investigation and analysis of land use structure is key to return farmland into forests or grassland.Based on scientific sample data,the gradient composition of farmland,the ratio of land reclamation under different slopes and their regional differences were analyzed.Meanwhile,the regional classification about the gradation of returning farmland to forests or grassland on the Loess Plateau was discussed in this paper.The conclusions could help government in determining the order and the areas of returning farmland to forests or grassland,and contribute greatly to assure not only food supplies but also regional eco-environment al rehabilitation with limited funds.