“遗传资源取得”是《生物多样性公约》的核心论题,是发展中国家和发达国家在《公约》谈判中争论的焦点。为保护和持续利用遗传资源,本文根据《公约》第１５条规定,结合中国在遗传资源保护方面的现状,提出：国家需要建立处理“遗传资源取得”问题的法规、政策及专利制度；进一步开展国内遗传资源的收集保护和科学研究；通过交换和参与合作研究,尽可能从国际农业研究机构和其他国家获取更多的遗传资源。

The oblainment of genetic resources is a core issue of the Biological Diversity Convention and an argument focus in the negotiations of the Convention between the developing countries and the developed countries. In this paper, according to Article 15 of the Convention and the present situation of the protection of genetic resources in China, some strategic measures are suggested for conserving and rationally using the resources. The measures include establishing legislations, policies and patent systems to deal with the problem of obtaining genetic resources; promoting further the collection, protection and scientific researches of domestic genetic resources; and obtaining as many as possible the genetic resources from international agricultural research institutions and other foreign countries through resource exchanges,study co operation projects and other approaches.