在指出畜禽品种资源多样性是保证畜牧业稳定持续发展重要的基本要素的基础上，回顾与评价了近半个世纪国内外对畜禽品种资源进行的主要工作，以及对资源多样性认识的逐步进展。继之阐明了我国畜禽品种资源的多样性及其在国际上的地位和影响。然后指出了我国畜禽品种资源及其多样性面临的困境。进一步论述了六条对策，其中最重要的是从观念上和理论上彻底摈弃长期存在的对畜禽品种资源掠夺的观念和作法。并制定正确的有科学预见的保护决策和措施。

This paper points out that the diversity of animal and poultry variety resources is one of the basic elements for sustainable development of animal husbandry. The main studies and the understanding of the diversity of animal and poultry variety resources in China and abroad in the recent half century are reviewed and appraised. Then the diversity of animal and poultry resources of China and its international status and effects are expounded. The difficult position of these resources at present is pointed out. There are six strategies and ways to deal with this situation, which are discussed too. The most important strategy is to completely change the traditional predatory ideas toward the animal and poultry variety resources it is necessary to learn the experiences and lessons from the western developed countries, namely,"to destroy these resources at first, then to look for, to collect and to conserve the diversity". So we should make the correct decision and approach for keeping the diversity of animal and poultry variety resources of China.