黄河是西北—华北地区工农业生产和生活的重要水资源。如何结合流域内降水时空分布特征及农业需水规律,适应自然条件和经济发展,对黄河水从时间、空间、数量上进行调节性利用,达到河水与降水互补,对于充分利用黄河水资源具有重要意义。本文就此问题进行研究,用经验正交函数分解的方法对黄河流域不同年型和主要作物发育期的降水时空分布进行分析,并根据分析结果提出了合理利用黄河水资源的建议。

The Yellow River water is most important resources of agricultural and industrial production in north and northwest China. It is very important to distribute the resources rationally in time, space and quantity so as to be mutually complementary with the precipitation according to the distribution characteristics of the precipition and the regularity of agricultural water requirment. In this paper, the author made use of the empirical orthogonal function (EOF) method to analyse some distribution characteristics of the precipitation of different year-types and of growth periods of main crops. Furthermore, some suggestions were made about how to use the water resources of the Yellow River rationaly.