共和盆地地处半干旱地区,生态条件脆弱,天然生物资源有限。由于社会、人口和经济方面的原因,使封育保护和轻度利用等防治土地沙漠化的措施难以实施。为充分发掘土地资源潜力,解决开发利用和环境保护的矛盾,木文提出了发展生态农业的必要性。在调查了自然条件和预测了环境变化趋势之后,借鉴当地现行农业生产的成功经验,阐述了发展生态农业的可能性。

Gonghe Basin is Located in semiarid area with fragile ecological conditions, all kinds of desertified lands and limited natural hioresources. The over grazing have further leaded to the deterioration of ecological environment. In consideration of the actual conditions of the Basin, some measures to prevent land desertification, such as closing and slightly utilizing range lands, are difficult to be realized. Therefore, the necessity of developing ecological agriculture is proposed in this paper so as to fully tap the land potential and solve the contradiction of environmental development and protection. Following investigation results prove that there is possibility of developing cultivation in Gonghe Basin: 1) According to the contrast investigation on soil profiles, the wind erosion in farmland is slight, which can be prevented and avoided with assistance of artificial measures. 2) The mechanical analysis shows that the cultivated soil layer is slightly roughed, but the material is lost within farmland, where no fine sand composition is found. 3) The fixed and semi-fixed dunes already existing in the farmland edge have nothing to do with modern reclamation. 4) Some nutrient content in farmland are higher than that in primary grassland. Based on the investigation on natural conditions and trend prediction of environmental changes, through drawing successful experience from local agricultural production, it is considered that developing ecological agriculture in Gonghe Basin is prossible.